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The Information Factories Are Here

Posted by CowboyNeal on Thu Nov 09, 2006 11:46 PM
from the brave-new-world dept.
prostoalex writes, "Wired magazine has coined a new term for the massive data centers built in the Pacific Northwest by Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo! Cloudware is, ironically, a return of the centralized data and bandwidth power houses caused by the decentralized and distributed nature of the Internet. George Gilder thinks we're witnessing something monumental: 'According to Bell's law, every decade a new class of computer emerges from a hundredfold drop in the price of processing power. As we approach a billionth of a cent per byte of storage, and pennies per gigabit per second of bandwidth, what kind of machine labors to be born? How will we feed it? How will it be tamed? And how soon will it, in its inevitable turn, become a dinosaur?'"
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  • by Salvance (1014001) * on Thursday November 09 2006, @11:49PM (#16791228) Homepage Journal
    At some point massive data centers won't provide incremental benefits unless the massive increases in processing power are met with proportional decreases in bandwidth prices. Sure, bandwidth prices have dropped, but not by nearly the rate of price/teraflop processing has. Companies like Google recognize this, and are investing in their own fiber to compensate [lightreading.com]. But the telecommuncations companies are the ones that originally build these lines, and it's unfortunately in their best interest to keep the supply of spare bandwidth very low.
  • Hopefully we've slowed its inevitable takeover of the race by giving it an extremely macho name. I for one welcome our fluffy cloudware overlords.
  • Synonym Myths. (Score:2, Informative)

    by Anonymous Coward
    " And how soon will it, in its inevitable turn, become a dinosaur?'"

    I don't know if you realize this, but the idea that dinosaurs were an incapable species is a myth? They obviously didn't last millions of years because of any defects. But when a big-ass meteor comes crashing into the planet, any species capable or not would be hard-pressed to survive.
  • it's people (Score:5, Funny)

    by User 956 (568564) on Thursday November 09 2006, @11:58PM (#16791272) Homepage
    what kind of machine labors to be born? How will we feed it? How will it be tamed? And how soon will it, in its inevitable turn, become a dinosaur?

    How will we feed it? Read the article about the robot that identifies human flesh as bacon [wired.com] and see if that answers your question.
  • When we look at our current situation, we see that we have data 'here' and data 'there'. When we want to have more data, we need to go 'there' to bring the data 'here' for viewing. In the most extreme (and common) case, the data is only temporarily copied from 'there' to 'here' and once we are done with the data it is deleted from 'here'.

    The future will eliminate that differentiation. Data will not be 'here' or 'there'. Rather, it will be. Data will simply exist and we will access it as if it were immediately 'here' all the time.

    It will take quite a bit more technology to make this a reality, but the Internet is the first baby step away from separation of data repository and the user. Now, users can access data 'there' on a browser which is 'here' with a few keystrokes. In the future, this action of 'getting' data will be eliminated completely.

    How I think that will occur is neither here nor there, but I guarantee that this is what will happen.
    • I'm sorry (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Colin Smith (2679) on Friday November 10 2006, @08:20AM (#16792638)
      The future will eliminate that differentiation. Data will not be 'here' or 'there'. Rather, it will be. Data will simply exist and we will access it as if it were immediately 'here' all the time.


      But this is the biggest load of new age bullshit I've heard in years.

       
      • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

        But this is the biggest load of new age bullshit I've heard in years.

        No need to get all worked up, you'll never see it.

        I'd say with enough memory on the user's machine, there would be no concern about storing information twice. Just as a BS example, imagine they get something like atomic memory working where a sugar-cube sized device can cache all the information we have. Now imagine that we have perfected quantum teleportation (I know, I know). All data could be replicated and cached instantly and there

    • Data will simply exist and we will access it as if it were immediately 'here' all the time.

      And precisely where will this data be stored, and how will it get to us? It's not some entity, omnipresent, floating around everywhere, that you can put your hand up, and pull out a load of data.
      It has to be stored somewhere. And it has to get from where it's stored to where it's needed.
      • Where is the data for Yahoo!s servers located? Where is the data for Microsoft's servers located?

        Your GMail account's data? Do you know where that is?

        No, of course you don't. Because you don't need to. You log in, access the data from the intarweb, fiddle with it, then log off. You aren't doing any of the copying, and the physical location of the data is totally irrelevant for all intents and purposes.

        The intartubes are the first step towards removing the requirement of "transferring" data. While some data
  • by miller60 (554835) on Friday November 10 2006, @12:00AM (#16791280) Homepage
    Everything is getting cheaper but power, which for some data centers now costs more than hardware. Nicholas Carr [roughtype.com] explains why Gilder's assumptions are problematic:

    "What Gilder calls 'petascale computing' is anything but free. The marginal cost of supplying a dose of processing power or a chunk of storage may be infinitesimal, but the fixed costs of petascale computing are very, very high. Led by web-computing giants like Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and Ask.com, companies are dumping billions of dollars of capital into constructing utility-class computing centers. And keeping those centers running requires, as Gilder himself notes, the "awesome consumption" of electricity"

    As I noted in our commentary at Data Center Knowledge [datacenterknowledge.com], the power issues with high-density blade server computing has been understood for years. Back in 2002, Liebert and APC and other equipment vendors were developing products that could address huge heat loads. They saw it coming, and sensed a market opportunity. So where were the chip makers? Even as cooling vendors prepared for the results of the huge power and heat loads, little was done to address their source.

  • > "what kind of machine labors to be born?"

    As the saying goes, don't anthropomorphize machines: they hate that.
  • pennies per gigabit per second of bandwidth

    It's only pennies per Gbps if you measure your total bandwidth in shit-tons. Only way you get that good of a deal is if you buy in a very very large volume. Until the prices are like that across the board, I think this article can be shelved.
  • death of copyrights (Score:5, Interesting)

    by argoff (142580) * on Friday November 10 2006, @12:16AM (#16791346)
    What is going to happen, or what is happening, is that the service value of information is exceeding the content value of information, and will continue to do so at a greater rate from now on. The information age is doing to information services what the industrial revolution did for production. Eventually, information restrictions like copyrights will be such an incredible and annoying hinderence on providing information services that the financial pressure to kill them will become unbearable.
  • And how soon will it, in its inevitable turn, become a dinosaur?'"

    1) Develop AI 2) Engineer cars that transform into robots. 3) Use a stop watch to time the speed it takes to go from car to dinosaur. 4) Flee in panic.
  • Download a file- kill a salmon.
  • by 80 85 83 83 89 33 (819873) on Friday November 10 2006, @12:26AM (#16791376) Journal
    the saying goes that computing power doubles every 24 months. but i have found that in the real world, the number is closer to 30 months.

    the benchmark: Content Creation Winstone 2000. it works out all the parts of a pc.

    (under windows 2000):

    (introduced in May 1997)
    intel pentium II 300Mhz
    score: 15

    (introduced in Oct 1999)
    intel pentium III 733Mhz
    score: 30

    thats 29 months to double

    under windows 98SE:

    april 1998
    intel pentium II 400Mhz
    score: 19.5

    nov 2000
    intel pentium 4 1500Mhz
    score: 42

    thats 31 months to double

    OUTLOOK FOR NEXT FIFTY YEARS
    (for thirty month performance doubling rate):

    in 30 months: TWICE the performance.
    in 60 months: FOUR TIMES the performance. ...
    in 25 years we will have ONE THOUSAND times the performance.
    and, in 50 years we will have ONE MILLION TIMES THE PERFORMANCE!!!!!!!


    will that finally be enough to make our computers as smart as we are? how many watts of electricity will it consume?

    CPUmark99 doubling:
    24 months

    sysmark 2000 double time: 27 months

    ccwinstone04 double times 30 months
    • What would you get by plugging in processors from 2006 into that formula? My guess is that the doubling time is even slower now.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      will that finally be enough to make our computers as smart as we are?
      Raw power is not what will make computer as smart as we are.
      First, what makes computer "intelligence" is the software, not raw power. And we will need a substantially new software paradigm to get near our intelligence. I can't imagine how software can get consciousness and awareness. There are parts of the human thought that can't be simulated with a series of conditional numeric operations.
        • Did I said it was impossible? No, just that it would need a substantially new paradigm, not just raw power.
          Learn to read first.
          • be simulated with a series of conditional numeric operations."

            You did say it was impossible. You didn't say anything about a new paradigm. Why you'd want to lie about your own publicly visible words totally escapes me.

            Still, in case there's a there here: Are you claiming there is a class of problems, such as simulating a thinking human brain, that cannot be executed by a Turing machine? That is an extraordinary claim, and needs extraordinary evidence. Cite?

            --
            phunctor
            "here's a shovel, keep digging"
    • ... they realise that they are sucking up all the available power, and dooming the biosphere in the process?

      Not that they would necessarily give a rat's ass about the biosphere.
  • by Anonymous Coward on Friday November 10 2006, @12:34AM (#16791392)
    That's what I'm concerned about. We already have problems supplying human society with enough electricity. These data centers are being situated near power centers like the hydroelectric dams of the Pacific Northwest.

    How long will it be until we start running into dilemmas concerned with whether data centers or people have priority over available electricity?

    Has this already happened?

    Once the economy cannot operate without the data centers, do we reach a scenario where keeping the data centers running must have priority over supplying electricity to homes?

    At what point do the machines decide that instead of competing with humans for power, humans would make a useful power source?

    (hm, interesting..."please type the word in this image: 'autonomy' ")
  • Didn't cloudware happen the first time during the 1990's and called "dot com" boom?

    Genuine core knowledge will always, by its very nature, be very less demanding on
    storage space than the hype and bable of what most knowlegde published requires.

    ultimately the hype and babel will manifest a bottomless pit as we can see from spam experience.

    Hmmm, now where is that key and lock for that pit?

      • The amount of bandwidth used by ordinary people isn't very big. Poor regulation and monopolies/oligopolies are the reason why it costs what it does from small customers.

        On the other hand, disabling ads has many other benefits, so it's still a very worthy enterprise.
  • by d474 (695126) on Friday November 10 2006, @12:41AM (#16791412)
    This is pretty cool writing:
    "The next wave of innovation will compress today's parallel solutions in an evolutionary convergence of electronics and optics: 3-D and even holographic memory cells; lasers inscribed on the tops of chips, replacing copper pins with streams of photons; and all-optical networks in which thousands of colors of light travel along a single fiber. As these advances find their way into an increasing variety of devices, the petascale computer will shrink from a dinosaur to a teleputer - the successor to today's handhelds - in your ear or in your signal path. It will access a variety of searchers and servers, enabling participation in metaverses beyond the ken of even Ray Kurzweil's prophetic imagination. Moreover, it will link to trillions of sensors around the globe, giving it a constant knowledge of the physical state of the world, from traffic conditions to the workings of your own biomachine."
    Makes me want to read a William Gibson novel.
    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      As these advances find their way into an increasing variety of devices, the petascale computer will shrink from a dinosaur to a teleputer - the successor to today's handhelds - in your ear or in your signal path.

      Technological prognostications are almost always wrong in two directions.

      1) The ability of current tech to scale up indefinitely is always eventually proven false. For six decades new aircraft designed increased their average crusing speed from about 100 mph in 1920 to 700 mph in the 70's. Then th
  • by MarkWatson (189759) on Friday November 10 2006, @12:45AM (#16791422) Homepage
    ... but I have not used them yet. My plans are to use EC2 for occasional machine learning or neural network training runs instead of tying up my own computers. I wrote about this on my AI blog (http://artificial-intelligence-theory.blogspot.co m/2006/08/using-amazons-cloud-service-for.html) a while back.

    In general, I think that it makes sense to "outsource" basic infrastructure. I used to run my own servers, but after figuring the costs for electricity, bandwidth, and hardware costs, I switched to leasing two managed virtual servers - paying for the CPU, memory, and bandwidth resources that I need. I view Amazon's EC2 service the same way: when I need a lot of CPU time over a short time interval, simply buy it.
  • by dch24 (904899) on Friday November 10 2006, @12:49AM (#16791438) Journal
    the service value of information is exceeding the content value of information
    Eventually, information restrictions like copyrights will be such an incredible and annoying hinderence on providing information services that the financial pressure to kill them will become unbearable.
    I think you've got it. The Ask Slashdot - How Do You Make a Profit While Using Open Source? [slashdot.org] - is demonstrating the same thing: Open Source software is one more way in which the service value of having all the source code outweighs the value of executing the code.

    Whether it's the MPAA/RIAA, or Microsoft, the meteor has hit the ground. The dinosaurs that cannot adapt may make a lot of noise in their death throes, but they will fade into irrelevance.

    I think the .com crash is evidence of how poorly the mainstream understands this. Some of them talk about "Software As A Service," or "Video On Demand," but that's just commoditizing bandwidth instead of the physical media of the '90's. Open Source and Google will wipe them out by delivering more value.
    my 2 cents.

    [ Parent [slashdot.org] ]
  • ...and in 2025 the Galactic publishing company, well known for their travel guide, The Hitchhikers guide to the galaxy, bought Google to include their data as a subset of the entry of a little planet in the backwaters of the universe, called earth. Just in case someone wished to travel there ....
  • How will we feed it? How will it be tamed? And how soon will it, in its inevitable turn, become a dinosaur?

    Gigasaurus, we hardly knew you...

    [Sniff. A lone tear edged forth; the opalescent bead sparkled in the candlelight and betrayed my true feelings -- noooo! Damn you technology! Damn you to hell.]

  • Damn is that man long-winded!
  • It doesn't matter (Score:5, Insightful)

    by sillybilly (668960) on Friday November 10 2006, @01:45AM (#16791560)
    It doesn't matter if computing performance doubles if the software that runs on it decays in performance at an even greater rate. Back in 1988 MSDOS used to boot in less than 10 seconds after the BIOS POST. Who cares if you'll have software with features greater than your brain, with capacity to even guess your thoughts, wishes and desires, if it will just do what you want without mouseclicks of speech commands, who cares for all these features if it takes 5 years to boot up on a computer a gazillion times faster than today's computers, and its processing speed is uttering 3 words per decade while consuming 900 gigawatt of electric power? Case in point: Windows Vista.
  • by Sargeant Slaughter (678631) on Friday November 10 2006, @02:04AM (#16791592) Homepage
    One day, about 4+ years ago, when I was working at a porn shop, this Russian computer scientist came in. He seemed pretty smart and was yakkin about optical computers and some project he had worked on in the 90's in Russia or something. Anyway, he said this would happen, the return of the paralell mainframe. He said that we were reaching the limits of current silicon and copper materials. With optical still a long way out, he said we would probably build mainframes for a while again. He also said CPUs made out of diamonds with optical high speed interfaces were the future but nobody was putting money into it (for various reasons...), and that was why he didn't have a job. He said he figured companies would be clamoring for peopel like him once the materials, like manufactured diamonds, were more readily available. I still believe him, but nobody ever listens to me when I talk about that guy. I met quite a few kewl people at the 'ole porn ship actually.
  • OK, at a nanocent per byte storage and a nanocent per Gbps, we still need a nanocent per instruction per second processor for this new computer to be born. And not just a CPU IPS. These huge machines are churning not shift/add/multiply/jump instructions, but object relational operations. Just a stack of CPUs doesn't make Google, AOL and Microsoft in a higher class of tech than the rest of us paying nanocents per byte/GPS.

    When their app requirements drive massive parallelism to deliver object-relational nano
  • ...a greater computer than the Great Hyperbolic Omni Cognate Neutro Wrangler of Cisseronious 12?
  • by Moraelin (679338) on Friday November 10 2006, @03:16AM (#16791720) Journal
    Even if you take the meteor hypothesis as absolute truth, the fact is: other species survived. Not only mammals, but also lizards. Heck, even some species of dinosaurs survived. (Birds _are_ technically dinosaurs.)

    We're not talking just a massive shockwave killing anything squishy on the planet instantly. Even for the dinosaur there's no D-Day when everyone died. The disappearance of the dinosaurs is a very very very long and gradual period of their declining numbers into extinction. For most of the planet we're talking "just" a climate change. _That_ is what killed the dinosaurs, one way or another. Some species survived that, and in fact even thrived in the new conditions, some species didn't.

    Note however there are more hypotheses about that event. The decline in oxygen content in the air in that period, for example, would also be perfectly enough on its own to make a very large beast non-viable. The change in the flora is another candidate. It's entirely possible that the new kinds of plants were either toxic or not nutrient-rich enough for the old lizards.

    At any rate, what killed the dinosaurs was _change_. Something changed (take your pick what you think was the killer change there). And some species could deal with it, some species didn't. Dinosaurs (except birds) didn't cope well with the change and their numbers went downhill from there.

    Yes, they were a capable species for the old environment, but then the environment changed. And the dinosaurs were suddenly very incapable in the new environment.

    So, yes, the dinosaurs are the _perfect_ metaphor for someone or something who can't cope with a change and becomes obsolete.

    Change happens. One day you have a nice business hammering scythes and sickles for a village, and the next day someone goes and buys a tractor and a combine harvester and everyone wants _those_. Or you have a nice job calculating tables of numbers by hand and then the CEO goes and buys one of those new "computers". Tough luck. Either you adapt or you're a dinosaur.

    It happens with computers and programmers/admins/whatever every day. And some people adapt, some become relics trying to stop progress and return to the good old days. God knows half of the IT departments at big corporations have too many of _those_. Maybe they were once capable and competent. The dinosaurs were too at one point. Now they no longer are. And just like the dinosaurs, sadly it takes a long long time to gradually get rid of those relics. But just like the dinosaurs they _are_ on a slow painful path to extinction.
  • I've said it a few times now, and it's down to cheap energy and cheap bandwidth. Google is the new Arkwright, we saw the same effect during the industrial revolution, there it was the weavers who were made redundant. I'll leave it up to you to decide who's going to be made redundant this time.

    Should energy become more expensive though, in the age of peak oil, it'll be all change, the datacentres will become untenable without much more efficient cpus.

       
  • How long will it be until we start running into dilemmas concerned with whether data centers or people have priority over available electricity?

    Electricity consumption has not risen proportionally with increase in CPU power. I haven't seen anything convincing demonstration that such data-processing plants would take more electricity than would, say, a factory.

    At what point do the machines decide that instead of competing with humans for power, humans would make a useful power source?

    Uh, never, because it m
  • I've always learned that clouds are made of vapour..
  • If Google consumes so much power, maybe this will give them an incentive to contribute money to Hydrogen Fusion research. That would be great! Hydrogen Fusion is the one and only power source that would allow large amounts of power for every human on Earth without any significant pollution.
  • I'm planning on using my next generation storage to hold video files of Three Stooges episodes and hopefully there'll be an open source video application that'll leverage the extra CPU power of next generation computers to enable me to create all new Three Stooges episodes. But that's just me.
  • I for one, welcome our boxy, porn storing overlords.

  • Pardon me if I'm wrong, but there are some costs of fiber that should be considered.

    You have to dig holes to put it in.

    You have to have people look after the bits around it.

    You have to have electronics and opto-electronics associated with it to use it.

    You have to pump signals down it (which means power).

    I wonder, have other people thought if the pipes are going to be a bigger obstacle to distributed computing than the processors. I know that Jim Grey seems to have thought this way in the past. http://resear [microsoft.com]
  • According to Bell's law, every decade a new class of computer emerges...
  • by Sierpinski (266120) on Friday November 10 2006, @08:59AM (#16792972)
    Computers getting too "smart", we've seen it before.

    Star Trek: The Motion Picture
    Incredibles (even though it turned out to be something different, the idea was still there)
    Superman 3
    Wargames
    Terminator 1/2/3

    All of these movies depict computers getting too smart then at some point start "thinking" for themselves. One of these days I'll finally get to publish my theory on how to prevent this. I'll give a short summary belo...

    <Connection terminated by remote host>
  • Tons and tons of porn. And mp3s. And some spam for dessert.
  • How will we feed it? How will it be tamed? And how soon will it, in its inevitable turn, become a dinosaur?

    So let me get this straight... Wwe're going to be putting the InterWeb pipes into a dinosaur? I don't think I'd want that job - no matter which end you're sticking them into.

    I guess that's why we have a Chief Lizard Wrangler...

  • by tttonyyy (726776) on Friday November 10 2006, @11:48AM (#16794908) Homepage Journal
    ..I'll point out an error in the article.

    Replicating Google's 200 petabytes of hard drive capacity would take less than one data center row and consume less than 10 megawatts, about the typical annual usage of a US household.

    It's the old rate-of-energy-consumption vs energy-consumed misused once again.

    An average household consuming 10 megawatt-hours in a year is pretty dull. An average household consuming 10 megawatts - now that'd be impressive! (Got to power all those gadgets, y'know!)

    I think he means that the data center row would consume in an hour the same amount of energy that the average US household consumes in a year.