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One Data Center To Rule Them All

Posted by CmdrTaco on Mon Sep 08, 2008 09:44 AM
from the my-preciousss dept.
1sockchuck writes "Weta Digital, the New Zealand studio that created the visual effects for the 'Lord of the Rings' movie trilogy, has launched a new "extreme density" data center to provide the computing horsepower to power its digital renderings. Weta is running four clusters that are each equipped with 156 of HP's new 2-in-1 blade servers, and use liquid cooling to manage the heat loads. The Weta render farms currently hold spots 219 through 222 on the current Top 500 list of the world's fastest supercomputers."
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  • by DamienNightbane (768702) * <dnightbane@gmail.com> on Monday September 08 2008, @09:50AM (#24919933) Homepage
    Imagine a Beowulf cluster of these...
  • by starglider29a (719559) on Monday September 08 2008, @09:54AM (#24919983)
    How do they release the heat in the hot water?

    Two Towers?
    • "How do they release the heat in the hot water?"

      They don't, the Orc's working there, have been waiting for a hot water bath for years.
  • by eln (21727) on Monday September 08 2008, @09:57AM (#24920009) Homepage

    I can't mention who I work for for obvious reasons, but we did some experimenting with "extreme density" computing some time ago as part of a black ops project for the government. We achieved densities previously unheard of by man.

    Unfortunately, we got greedy. We increased the density so far that the entire facility ended up collapsing into a black hole, wiping out much of the state of North Dakota. We were able to contain the damage, and we've managed to keep it a secret by replacing the state with a hologram projection, but eventually someone is going to go there and figure out that something is amiss.

  • by Bandman (86149) on Monday September 08 2008, @10:13AM (#24920205) Homepage

    I'm of a mixed mindset when it comes to water-cooled datacenters.

    On one hand, you've got the makings of a biblical scale disaster with all that water and electricity mixing.

    On the other hand, you can't argue with it's effectiveness.

    I'll stick to non-catastrophic issues when my
    air conditioner breaks down.

    • I agree. Plus, even though they mention the Rittal units [rittal.com], no one seems to be able to answer how the water cooled units plan for redundancy. It might not be pretty, but at least in a "traditional" raised floor/forced air solution, you can deploy spot coolers and/or fans as you need to mitigate an outage or allow for maintenance. What do you do when you burst a cooling water pipe as it distributes to a row of equipment?
    • by davesag (140186) on Monday September 08 2008, @10:31AM (#24920421) Homepage

      Liquid cooled, not water cooled. They cool it in an inert liquid, rather than water.

      • Ouch. I've seen the prices of some of the 3M inert liquids, and those are incredibly expensive. I can't imagine buying the hundreds of gallons it would take to cool an entire datacenter.

        Also, like Critical Facilities above mentioned, what do you do for heat dissipation in the event of a leak?

        • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

          by Anonymous Coward

          I can't speak for anyone else, but in our data center we have two sets of chilled water pipes and two sets of return pipes, in case one does break. They are valved all over the place so any one set of pipe can go down and the others continue working.

          As well, the chilled water never enters the data center. Our CRAC units sit outside of the data center and are ducted in overhead (because we can reach higher space velocities than with a raised floor). Thus, no chilled water ever gets inside of hte data cent

      • From the fine article:

        "That kind of density creates a cooling challenge. âoeOne of our most important decisions was to invest in water-cooled racks from Rittal, which allows us to precisely control the amount of cooling that a specific rack requires,â said Shand."

      • Pure water is electrically inert. Though given how dusty servers tend to get, I doubt it really matters.

        Regardless, I've never had a watercooling leak that wasn't my own fault (not connecting the fitting properly), and obviously in this kind of scenario you test things first. Then again, I'm talking about a couple of boxes, not a datacenter.

        Fluorinert or something similar would be very effective and a whole hell of a lot safer for this. It's certainly not cheap, but given the fact that you can effectivel

      • it's only inert until it is mixed with some dirt/dust/grime/paint. :(

    • by MrMunkey (1039894) on Monday September 08 2008, @10:35AM (#24920463) Homepage
      Would it be a good idea to replace the water with mineral oil? I'm sure a lot of you have seen the computers submerged in mineral oil, so it would probably just cause a mess if there was a leak. The problem with mineral oil (based on my limited knowledge from searching just now) is that it's not as efficient at removing heat as water, and after time the oil breaks down and needs replacing to remain at its most efficient. I'm not sure if the heat levels from a server would be high enough to degrade the oil though. I'm also uncertain if the oil would cause any damage to the pumps (or whatever pushes the liquid around) in the water cooling system.
      • Throw in some bikini-clad babes and you've got a supercomputer cluster that makes its own porn!

    • by plover (150551) * on Monday September 08 2008, @11:00AM (#24920775) Homepage Journal

      I'm of a mixed mindset when it comes to water-cooled datacenters.

      On one hand, you've got the makings of a biblical scale disaster with all that water and electricity mixing.

      We had such a disaster many years ago.

      The coolant lines themselves circled the walls near the ceiling of the dinosaur pen. Beneath each line was a drip tray that was alarmed to sound in case moisture was detected. These drip trays ran the entire length of the coolant lines. That is, the entire length except for about six inches in the very corner, where it was too hard for the tray installers to get to because they were behind the conduit leading down to the main power transformer. I can only assume that all that conduit also made it difficult for the plumbers to properly solder the elbow in the cooling line as well.

      Of course there was only one place for the pipe to leak. The version of the tale I heard implies an impressive display of fireworks was seen by all present as the coolant entered the transformer.

      Fortunately, the loss of power did not damage the mainframes (except for their ability to run.) The rooftop generator was fired up, and in short order the mainframes were back on line.

      And in short order the generator engines stopped because the fuel tanks were kept almost empty, the plan being to fully fuel them only in case of need.

      Once the replacement fuel was delivered, the generators ran for only a few minutes before dying again, this time for good. The ancient fuel had congealed in the injectors once the engines had stopped running.

      We ran our data center for two weeks powered from a truck-based generator parked in the street while the electricians replaced the transformers and repaired the generators.

      I now hear the diesel generator being started every month or two, and run for a few hours.

      Rather than a biblical disaster, I'd say it was more like a Marx Brothers' movie.

      • wow, that's rough, but thanks for sharing!

        Our generator test-runs every Thursday for a few minutes to make sure everything will be ok. You know, theoretically

        It doesn't always work out like that [blogspot.com]

        • Now that you mention it, I've actually done that. I discovered (the hard way) that mineral deposits built up inside the valve get dislodged when it's triggered, and sometimes those chunks then get in the way of sealing the valve again. Which meant a stream of hot water that couldn't be shut off until I shut off the house valve and couldn't be turned on again until I bought a new pressure relief valve.

          So now I don't do that anymore.

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      Well they may be using a different liquid than water. Mainframes have been using water cooling for years.
      But even if they are using water we are talking about professionals here. They have been water cooling electrical devices that are far more dangerous than CPUs for many years.
      http://www.cobermuegge.com/details.asp?id=90 [cobermuegge.com]
      And here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_tube#Cooling [wikipedia.org]

  • by darkmeridian (119044) <william.chuang@noSPAM.gmail.com> on Monday September 08 2008, @10:16AM (#24920237) Homepage

    I think it's great that they are using liquid coolants for their system. Whenever I see a traditional server farm, I just can't help but think that air conditioners are so inefficient for the task of cooling computers. Not only do you have to cool the air, you also have to blow it around. The floors in some data centers are raised just to allow better airflow. And if you think about it, only the insides of the computers have to be cooled, not the entire freaking room. I hope this ushers in a new age of more power-efficient computing.

    I also think it's pretty funny that a supercomputer is used to make movies.

    • I know what you mean, but I get nervous about that much water around my computers. A leak would be catastrophic.

      When my air conditioner breaks down [blogspot.com], I don't have a life threatening situation.

    • That darn Vinge... (Score:4, Informative)

      by jeffb (2.718) (1189693) on Monday September 08 2008, @11:26AM (#24921037)

      I also think it's pretty funny that a supercomputer is used to make movies.

      It was pretty funny forty years ago [wikipedia.org], too.

    • "Not only do you have to cool the air, you also have to blow it around." It should be noted, air is a fluid that is more fluid than water. blowing it around isn't the problem. it's that the air doesn't carry heat away from the computer as fast, because liquids have more substance and can absorb more heat in the process. at least that would be my guess, I'm sure there are far more qualified quantum fluidicists in the discussion.
    • The Rittal racks just have a coil in them; the servers are cooled with air.

      On a power basis, there isn't much of an efficiency improvement. Your biggest gain is if you take the filters out since the cabinet is sealed.

      As for a leak hitting the computers, the coil is in a sidecar which is designed pretty well to segregate leaks. Biggest concern is usually what happens when you lose water or fans. Most of the cabinets open the doors automatically.

  • by saikou (211301) on Monday September 08 2008, @10:29AM (#24920391) Homepage

    I wonder how much they have to pay for external bandwidth. I always thought that "super data centers" are used to help split the job between multiple special effects studios, so, say, group in London can work on part of the shot and still have all data in the same place.
    Except in New Zealand there are no "unlimited" plans, and there are severe bandwidth caps in place.

    • by OttoM (467655) on Monday September 08 2008, @10:59AM (#24920767)
      As if a datacenter like this would use a capped ADSL line... You do not have to use the public internet. At some point, it becomes cheaper to use dedicated connections between your offices and datacenters.
      • Leased OC192 lines are probably available there. I'm willing to bet they're not on "broadband" too.

          • I'm kind of surprised. It doesn't look [cnet.com] like NZ has any major bandwidth, compared to the rest of the world. Maybe they can get Google to hook them up [blogspot.com] to the pan-Asian cable going in soon. ;-)

  • The LHCb experiment has a large processor farm for their online data analysis, all water cooled. Apparently it makes the computer scientists very nervous. OTOH, the main computing centre just uses air cooling, so we've got a real mix of technology.
  • The Weta render farms currently hold spots 219 through 222 on the current Top 500 list of the world's fastest supercomputers.

    That's a lot of orcs.

    • ...will still pale in comparison to ILM. LOTR had some of the worst compositing I had ever seen. The fact that ROTK won an Oscar for Visual Effects only further illustrates the irrelevance of the politics behind the Oscars.

      I don't know, I don't think ILM did a great job with Naboo or Tattooine in episodes 1-3, either. The battle of the Gungans vs the robots was a giant load of CGI all around. And that was released in 2005, while ROTK was released in 2003.

      But yeah, Gollum was too aggressive for Weta, at least when they filmed it. And although the character was certainly more repulsive, Jar-jar was better done than Gollum (slightly.)

      Maybe the new render farm will let them try some better algorithms or more complex mode

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      Or you're just a film snob that disagrees with the majority of normal people who actually liked the movie because it looked good and was entertaining.

      And why is it that people always have to look down their noses at various items that do well in the general public? It's like if it's popular and the unwashed masses salivate over it, some jackass has to show how superior they are by being different and telling the world that those unwashed masses really are in fact, unwashed. And probably drooling or somethin

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      You're either a true expert in the field, who does film-grade compositing every day, or you're a troll.

      I've done some chroma-key compositing over background plates myself, albeit for TV. I can honestly say I did not see any artifacts in LoTR - although I admit I haven't checked frame-by-frame.

      Either way, show some examples if you want to be taken seriously.

        • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

          Wow. So what you're saying then is that you don't do film-grade compositing for a living and are thus a troll?

          Here's a hint: It's not what you said, but how you said it.