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Microsoft Windows GUI Operating Systems Technology

Microsoft Windows 3.0 Is 20 Years Today 307

siliconbits writes "Some say that the Windows 3.0 GUI (remember, it needed MS-DOS or DR-DOS to work) was the single most important version, as it allowed Microsoft to get its day. The first truly successful Windows operating system is 20 years old today; Windows 3.0 was launched on 22 May 1990 and was the successor to Windows 2.1x."
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Microsoft Windows 3.0 Is 20 Years Today

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  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:27PM (#32307168)

    If you visit Bing [slashdot.org] you can run a Windows 3.0 emulator written in Javascript. Even has sound.

    • by daveime ( 1253762 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:38PM (#32307270)

      And if you'd formatted your link correctly, even other people could have visited it.

    • by gyrogeerloose ( 849181 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:40PM (#32307290) Journal

      If you visit Bing [slashdot.org] you can run a Windows 3.0 emulator written in Javascript. Even has sound.

      And if you go here [helltycoon.com], you can run their Hell simulator, but who would want to? Same deal with a Windows 3.0 emulator.

      • by commodore64_love ( 1445365 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @03:43PM (#32307844) Journal

        I think everyone should give those Windows 3.x emulators a try. They are great demonstrations for why many of us chose to buy Atari STs, Commodore Amigas, or Apple Macintoshes instead.

        I hated using Windows 3.x.

        Multitasking was an exercise in masochism (and also sadism when you pounded your keyboard). On Mac it was as easy as clicking Apple in the top corner, which would produce a dropdown of all running programs. On Amiga it was even easier. The Amiga-M and Amiga-N keys rapidly flipped through the running programs. I typically ran JRterm, a file manager, WordPerfect, C compiler, and the Workbench all at once.

        Windows 3.x multitasking was like stepping 10 years back in time. It felt as if I was using a slow C64 again. I avoided using that OS as much as possible. Not until Windows 95 did they finally get a decent interface, which was basically just a clone of the Mac desktop (trashcan, shutdown procedure, finder, et cetera).

        • by Daengbo ( 523424 ) <daengbo&gmail,com> on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:17PM (#32308160) Homepage Journal

          I'd argue that Windows 3.0 wasn't nearly as important as 3.11.

          I like to remind remind the "Linux desktop sucks!" folks that Windows 3.0 is 20 year old, NextStep 2.0 (That's OS X to you) is the same age, but the 1.0 releases of GNOME and KDE were but 11 and 12 years ago, respectively. Although Linux (the kernel) is almost 20 years old, the Free desktop isn't even a teenager yet.

          • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:57PM (#32308544)

            Although Linux (the kernel) is almost 20 years old, the Free desktop isn't even a teenager yet.

            Just don't look at the source code unless you want to end up in jail.

          • by TheRaven64 ( 641858 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @08:33PM (#32310162) Journal

            3.0 was a big improvement over 2.x. Visually, it defined the look - the beveled buttons were first introduced with Windows 3.0 (although Microsoft was not the first company to use that visual clue). It was also the first version to support multimedia.

            Most importantly, however, 3.0 was the first version to support protected mode properly. Windows 2.x supported protected mode a bit, but only for using the VM86 mode to isolate running DOS applications. With Windows 3.0, you could use a full 32-bit address space on a 386. You also got swap - programs on previous versions of Windows (and Windows 3.0 on older CPUs) typically hacked around low memory by manually writing as much as possible to .tmp files in low memory conditions, and reading it back when in the foreground.

            Windows 3.0 was also the very last version to support the 8086. I ran it for several years because of this. Wikipedia claims that most Windows 3.0 programs required a 286 (standard mode) or above, but I never came across any - programs either required Windows 3.1, or worked on an 8086.

            In some ways, Windows 3.0 was a more impressive accomplishment than 3.1 due to its far more limited system requirements. I ran 3.0 on a machine with an 8MHz, 16-bit CPU, a crappy addressing system that required 'far' pointers if you wanted to access data more than 64KB away from some arbitrary point (the value in an offset register), an EGA display, and 640KB of RAM, and no MMU. In contrast, the first machine that I owned that ran Windows 3.1 had a 16MHz CPU, 5MB of RAM (not a typo - 1MB on the board, and a matched set of four 1MB SIMMs) and a VGA display. The most important difference is that the 386, and even 286, in spite of numerous idiosyncrasies, has all of the features of a modern microprocessor. They had an MMU, separate privilege levels, and everything required to run a modern operating system. In contrast, the 8086 makes a $1 microcontroller look advanced in comparison.

        • by hedwards ( 940851 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:18PM (#32308172)
          In honor of this occasion, I might have to pull out my old install disks and run it in dosbox. Perhaps even on my phone. But, I won't because I doubt that either Google or HTC will pay for the warranty repairs should my phone burst into flames.
          • by commodore64_love ( 1445365 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @06:56PM (#32309528) Journal

            About a month ago my employer gave me an old laptop with Windows 3.1 --- trust me, you're not missing anything. Although I'm impressed that the OS and software fit inside just 0.008 gigabytes of RAM, I'm not impressed when I compare it to the other OSes of the day like MacOS 7, Amiga OS, or Atari ST-OS, all of which were superior. Even GEOS on the lowly C64 was better (imho).

            Windows95 and NT 4 were Microsoft's first truly good OSes.... prior to that MS is best avoided.

        • by HermMunster ( 972336 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:05PM (#32308604)

          Win 3.x and Mac OS both had cooperative multitasking. Win95 brought true preemptive multitasking. The Mac didn't have that till OSX.

        • by sgage ( 109086 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @08:20PM (#32310066)

          "Dollars are votes. We the People hold power to bankrupt corporations out of existence. No such power exists over Gov't."

          No, dollars are not votes. We the People have no power to bankrupt corporations, and you are delusional if you think that.

          However, we do have real power over Gov't - it's called actual votes.

          Of course, the real problem is the power that the corporations have over Gov't.

          The idea of dollars as votes is extremely un-democratic.

    • by goombah99 ( 560566 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:49PM (#32307378)

      I don't want to start a flame war, but can someone tell me when windows is going to support a one button mouse?

    • by WrongSizeGlass ( 838941 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @03:00PM (#32307442)
      So you're saying that we went from PacMan to WIndows 3.0 in only 9 years, 364 days? Wow, that seemed to fly past.
    • by HermMunster ( 972336 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:00PM (#32308572)

      I don't see that as enough justification for visiting Bing.

    • by fishexe ( 168879 ) on Sunday May 23, 2010 @12:38AM (#32311410) Homepage

      If you visit Bing [slashdot.org] you can run a Windows 3.0 emulator written in Javascript. Even has sound.

      Yay! Between the two of them, my two favorite games!

  • My teenage angst had to be fueled by something. Windows 3.0 was useful for that, but not as much as this, which incidentally occurred on the same exact day. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEXKOR5Oepo [youtube.com]
  • I remember.... (Score:4, Interesting)

    by jolyonr ( 560227 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:37PM (#32307258) Homepage

    I remember going to a big computer show in early 1990 up in Birmingham. This was just before the Windows 3.0 announcement, so the Microsoft booth had a secret area inside it where they were showing the product to invited guests. As a dedicated Amiga fanatic at the time, I wasn't entirely impressed with it - however I did go back and recommend to my employer at the time (BP - no I don't work for them any more) that they should start looking into Windows again (we'd discounted Windows 2.x for widespread deployment).

    Commodore used the same show to preview the Amiga 3000 computer, which was far more exciting to me, and I put my order in a couple of days after!

    Jolyon

    • Re:I remember.... (Score:4, Insightful)

      by sammyF70 ( 1154563 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:43PM (#32307334) Homepage Journal
      So an overtly advertised secret booth? Sounds like MS alright ;)
    • by commodore64_love ( 1445365 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @03:30PM (#32307694) Journal

      >>>I did go back and recommend to my employer at the time that they should start looking into Windows

      Traitor. ;-) You should have recommended the Amiga. If you and other had done that, maybe Amiga would not have disappeared three years later due to lack of sales. ------ And yeah I was similarly unimpressed with Windows 3.0. It was a crappy, shitty OS. To quote someone else: "Using 3.0 and 3.1 largely consisted of opening random program groups, trying to find where your programs were hidden."

      Also it was extremely difficult to multitask. If you were running both Word and Excel for example, you had to first minimize the Word window, then locate the icon representing Excel, followed by clicking it. Then if you wanted to switch back, minimize Excel, find the Word icon, and click it. Royal pain in the ass.

      - On Mac it was as easy as clicking Apple, which would produce a dropdown of all running programs.
      - On Amiga it was even easier. The Amiga-M and Amiga-N keys rapidly flipped through the running programs.

      I hated using Windows 3.x. It felt like I was stepping 10 years back in time. It felt like I was using a slow non-multitasking Commodore=64 again. Not until Windows 95 did they finally get a decent interface (still used today). Of course the reason Win95 was so easy is because it was just a clone of the Mac desktop (trashcan, shutdown procedure, finder, et cetera).

      • by jolyonr ( 560227 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @03:59PM (#32308002) Homepage

        Traitor. ;-) You should have recommended the Amiga.

        I did try, every chance I got. But purchasing had to be done through their official channels, if it wasn't on the official supply list, we weren't allowed to get it. I did however create the graphs used in the photos on their annual report one year using Deluxe Paint III on my Amiga 2000 at home. And I was far too junior to be involved in changing decisions made much higher up.

        Also it was extremely difficult to multitask.

        Don't forget multitasking, at the time, was seen as a "power user" option only. We'd experimented with all sorts of crap such as dos-based task switchers (remember Desqview 386?) but it was regarded that most people didn't want or need multitasking. They wrote a letter in Wordstar 4, then they loaded Lotus 1-2-3 to do their spreadsheets. Do both at the same time? that was far too confusing for "normal" people. I know it sounds silly now, but that was genuinely what IT management thought back in those days. The only reason we looked at Windows at all was to see if the mouse/gui system could improve productivity and reduce training costs associated with application use.

        Jolyon

      • by iJusten ( 1198359 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:13PM (#32308124)

        Also it was extremely difficult to multitask. If you were running both Word and Excel for example, you had to first minimize the Word window, then locate the icon representing Excel, followed by clicking it. Then if you wanted to switch back, minimize Excel, find the Word icon, and click it. Royal pain in the ass.

        Didn't Windows 3.x have Alt+Tab? I distinctly remember using it. Worked like charm, and even today the best way to move between two programs, no matter what OS you prefer to use.

    • by blind biker ( 1066130 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:31PM (#32308326) Journal

      Me, like many other amigans of the time, were enjoying all kinds of amiga GUI goodness, and wanted to check out this expensive IBM PC stuff that was starting to be all the rage. When I saw DOS and the MS Word that was running on it, well, I just thought I'd puke - what the FUCK is this lame ASCII graphic clusterfuck (we didn't use the term "clusterfuck" at the time, but it's very appropriate)? But as we all know, Amiga died and Microsoft and the PC became kings. And this wasn't the last time that the lesser technology won, in IT, either: NetWare vs. Windows NT, NDS vs. Active Directory, BeOS vs. all the other OSes.

  • Win (Score:5, Funny)

    by clinko ( 232501 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:38PM (#32307262) Journal

    The only time where you type Win to lose.

    I thought of that joke when I was 11. Damn you misconfigured autoexec.bat! You led me down this path to the cubical I now live in!

  • by lseltzer ( 311306 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:39PM (#32307274)

    by me in PCMag.... [pcmag.com]

    • Is this a mistake? "This was a cooperative or 'non-preemptive' multitasking"..... "Windows 3.0 could run multiple DOS sessions preemptively". I think you meant cooperatively in the last sentence?

      When people ask me the difference, I tell them that in cooperative multitasking, if your Email Program crashes, it takes down the whole system because it never releases control of the CPU. That happened a lot on my old Quadra Mac, making it freeze. In contract in preemptive multitasking, like an Amiga, the OS forces programs to give-up control so even if one of them crashes, it won't freeze the other programs.

      Of course that's a simplified explanation.

      • by Blakey Rat ( 99501 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:56PM (#32308526)

        It's impossible for DOS apps to run preemptively, since they don't yield time to the OS.

        The article is correct, the multitasking for DOS sessions was preemptive.

        • by ChipMonk ( 711367 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:49PM (#32308990) Journal
          Almost, but not quite. Native Windows 3.x programs were cooperatively scheduled, and that included the DOS compatibility layer (a.k.a. the DOS box). From the DOS program's perspective, everything appeared to be a normal DOS environment, but the interrupts were hooked by the DOS box. When a DOS program wanted to do I/O to a disk file, or the "display," or the printer, or the modem, or the keyboard, the x86 INT call would be sent to the DOS box, which would yield to the Windows scheduler.

          The catch is, if a DOS program went into a long calculation loop, and never made any x86 INT calls, it could effectively block other Windows programs, by never calling the scheduler. I tried this in WfW 3.11, and even the mouse stopped moving.

          So, from the DOS program's perspective, the scheduling could appear to be preemptive, but the actual Windows scheduling behind it was still cooperative.
      • by mister_playboy ( 1474163 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:43PM (#32308908)

        Is this a mistake? "This was a cooperative or 'non-preemptive' multitasking"..... "Windows 3.0 could run multiple DOS sessions preemptively". I think you meant cooperatively in the last sentence?

        No, DOS program were actually ran in separate virtual machines when Windows 3.0 was running in 386 Enhanced mode. Preemptive is correct.

        http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0#Memory_modes [wikipedia.org]

      • by Bungie ( 192858 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:53PM (#32309024)

        Under pre-emptive multi tasking the scheduler interrupts the application's execution and suspends it's state registers to memory. It doesn't matter if the application yields or not becuase it's execution will be interupted by the timer and the scheduler will run.

        Cooperative tasking requires the application return control to the OS by some means (like the DoIdle function on the MacOS). There are also schemes that allow indirect control to return to the OS, like when the program calls a system function the OS performs any background processing before servicing the request and returning control to the application.

        Preemptive multitasking would be the only efficient way to multitask DOS since DOS programs would never be written to with a function to return control to the OS. But it may be that just the DOS executive used preemptive scheduling but still needed to receive initial control from the cooperative Windows applications.

  • dr-dos? (Score:2, Informative)

    by Anonymous Coward on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:41PM (#32307306)

    you dont have good memory, eh?

    read up about undocumented dos functions in ms-dos and what happened when you tried to run windows 3 in dr-dos...

    digital research went to court about it and roughly 10 years later they won .... only that they were already moved out of os market because of microsofts behaviour (oh these memories)

    • by westlake ( 615356 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:49PM (#32308992)

      read up about undocumented dos functions in ms-dos and what happened when you tried to run windows 3 in dr-dos...

      Fair enough:

      The AARD code was a segment of obfuscated machine code that is included in several executables, including the installer and WIN.COM, in a beta release of Microsoft Windows 3.1. The code ran several functional tests on the underlying DOS that succeeded on MS-DOS, but resulted in a technical support message on competing operating systems. The name was derived from Microsoft programmer Aaron R. Reynolds (1955-2008), who used "AARD" to sign his work. ("AARD" was found in the machine code of the installer.) Microsoft disabled the AARD code for the final release of Windows 3.1.

      AARD code [wikipedia.org]

  • by ClosedSource ( 238333 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:41PM (#32307308)

    because it had truetype fonts. The combination of Windows 3.1 and HP's deskjet printers made it possible to perform desktop publishing for hundreds of dollars less than using other alternatives.

  • Ah yes (Score:5, Insightful)

    by msgmonkey ( 599753 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:47PM (#32307358)

    The version of Windows that made you wish your 286 was a 386 and 640KB of ram certainly was n't more than you would ever need. Fond memories of wondering where 150K of memory had disappeared to only to realise that lovely desktop background image you set sucked 15% of your free memory. I also remember if you typed fast enough MS Write could n't keep up and you would fill the input buffer, let alone running MS Word. I can n't say I'ill miss those days.

    • by dreamchaser ( 49529 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:01PM (#32308574) Homepage Journal

      You're whining because you didn't have enough RAM? On a 386 with plenty of RAM Win 3.0 did a pretty good job for it's time. I preferred OS/2 in those days but I used Windows (often WinOS2, sometimes via dual boot) plenty as well and it was good for what it was. Then again I had 4 Meg of RAM, not the 640k you're whining about.

      As for the overhead in DOS, it was very easy to boot all sorts of DOS configurations with memory managers to free up a LOT of space. Towards the end of the DOS era many games almost required you to do so in order to run as they hit the brick wall.

      It wasn't an Operating System as the article intro states though. It was a shell that sat on top of DOS and allowed cooperative multitasking and (on 386+CPU's) the use of Virtual 8086 mode to even multitask many DOS programs.

  • by lloydsmart ( 962848 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @02:59PM (#32307432) Homepage

    The day Microsoft release a product that doesn't suck will be the day they release their first vacuum cleaner!

  • by Nom du Keyboard ( 633989 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @03:04PM (#32307478)
    Okay, Google. I want to see a running Win3.0 logo on your home page by Sunday. If you can do that great Pacman/Ms. Pacman, I know I can see File Manager running there next.
  • by cliffiecee ( 136220 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:03PM (#32308038) Homepage Journal

    I read the title as "Microsoft Windows 8.0 Is 20 Years Away"

    (and I wasn't even very surprised...)

  • Google logo (Score:3, Funny)

    by lurker412 ( 706164 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:06PM (#32308064)
    To celebrate, Google will change their logo to one which crashes your machine when you click on it.
  • Windows 3 (Score:2, Interesting)

    by philofaqs ( 668524 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:49PM (#32308466)
    Like it or not Windows 3.1 was a ground breaker in business, as a techie at the time it was a challenge to get enough conventional memory at times, but Microsoft's marketing dept and indeed their programmers produced Office 4.2. The entire Office suite for the price of the competitor's single product and it worked under windows rather than DOS based. Wordstar for example under Windows just emulated a DOS screen. Businesses jumped enmass. And as they did so their suppliers and competitors went with it. MS at the time were really really lucky to be the chosen one, but they were and it's no surprise that the "monopoly" ensued in the business world. At the time the entire home market had a share of the market that linux would be ashamed of.
  • Is there a point? (Score:5, Informative)

    by Blakey Rat ( 99501 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @04:49PM (#32308472)

    Is there a point to this story, other than "hur hur let's make fun of Microsoft! hur hur hur!"

    Now if you found someone still using it today, that might be newsworthy.

    • by Kjella ( 173770 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @06:03PM (#32309110) Homepage

      Why is any such celebration noteworthy? Is it anything different if something is 19,99 years or 20,01 years? No, but it's an excuse to look back and either reminisce to talk about how long/short/whatever we've come in the last 20 years. Or maybe just get the feeling you're getting old... I can't say 3.0 was a very memorable release for me but 3.11 was, just makes me realize how much of the stone age of the home computer I caught - granted, I was in diapers when the PC was invented but the first PCs were priced beyond fooling around at home. "C:\>", what a friendly way to greet your users DOS was. For all the flaws, Windows 3 was still a huge game changer in computers.

    • by bazorg ( 911295 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @06:30PM (#32309326)
      I don't know about people actually using it today, only that I would love to see this GUI (or a skin) on the OS used for machines with 1024x600 screens.
  • by rossdee ( 243626 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:33PM (#32308818)

    I was using Amiga Workbench 2.04 back then

  • From the article:

    It also introduced the world to applications that are now part of the Windows experience; File Manager, Write, Paint Brush, Print manager and Program manager.

    Windows Explorer essentially replaced File Manager in Windows 95, and they were actually included as separate programs for quite some time (altough File Manager only as the executabe if you knew where to look). I suppose you could argue that Explorer was derived from File Mananger, although they are actually quite different (especially after the Active Desktop update in Windows 95 and all future versions). Program Manager faced a similar fate: the Start menu (and desktop that could do something besides display running applications) substatially replaced it in Windows 95, although you could technically change your shell back to Program Manager instead if you really wanted. It didn't work as nicely, however, due to some changes to minimized window behavior, and I wouldn't be surprised if some app installers didn't play well with it in terms of creating icons.

    Ignoring the comment about Write (which more or less morphed into Wordpad...), I just don't think it's accurate to say that File Manager and Program Manager are "now part of the Windows Experience" when many people haven't even used them in 15 years and some people have never used them at all.

  • by MtViewGuy ( 197597 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @05:39PM (#32308876)

    While Windows 3.0 was important in its day, the more important version is Windows 95, which came out on August 24, 1995. Windows 95 took full advantage of 32-bit memory addressing, and the interface standards pioneered by Windows 95 are still with us in 2010, where even Windows 7 still has the taskbar on the bottom of the screen with the Start button on the lower left corner of the screen.

  • by NicknamesAreStupid ( 1040118 ) on Saturday May 22, 2010 @06:00PM (#32309088)
    3.0 sold a lot, but Windows 386 convinced Microsoft to give up on OS/2 and live the "Windows! Windows! Windows!" mantra. The key was its support for all those DOS applications using the DOS-box VM with the i80386 EMS in hardware, something the 80286 OS/2 could not do without special hardware. If IBM had not been so fixated on the 80286 architecture (e.g., segmented addressing verses the linear address space of the 80386), OS/2 may have succeeded.

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