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Technology

Mobile Phones And Danger 119

Trishank Karthik writes: "Have you been wondering whether those quirky, little, fashionable and convenient things are dangerous to you? Paranoid about cancer from mobile phones? Wanna know the latest findings? Cast your mobile phone aside for a while, read this, and have some coffee or tea."
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Mobile Phones And Danger

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  • by jd ( 1658 ) <(imipak) (at) (yahoo.com)> on Monday September 11, 2000 @03:18AM (#789298) Homepage Journal
    First, microwaves (and indeed any EMR) affects ONLY those molecules that correspond to that wavelength. (See "Spectrometry".) Therefore, instead of faffing around with experiments which may (or may not) be ethical, useful or purple, all they need do is get a list of which molecules that exist in the brain have an absorbtion line close to that of ANY radiation (not just microwave) that cell-phones emit.

    Secondly, the chances are that it's not an EMR effect at all. The magnetic fields of cell phones are probably much more important than microwave emissions.

  • by Anonymous Coward
    In Finland they recently tested a group of volunteers (~200 persons) who complained that they had physical problems when using mobile phones: Headache, nausea, neckpain, etc...

    The group was divided in three, one group got GSM phones 900 & 1800 MHz, one NMT's and one fake mobile phones (these worked through regular wiring which was told to be for measuring purposes, as was the case for "real mobiles" too)...

    ...And the outcome was that all the groups had approximately the same amount of ill-effects, however the group with fake phones reported the biggest amount (by small margin) of problems.

    I don't think you have to be a rocket scientist to know that holding that small gadget against your ear for 30 or more minutes can cause physical problems. During the conversation a person is probably so intensively concentrated to talking that he doesn't notice the strain to his muscles this awkward position is causing. Try to hold your bare hand against your ear without the phone for half an hour and you'll know what I'm talking about...

    That position probably severely hinders the blood circulation in your shoulder area and in the neck, which must have side effects to blood circulation to brain also. I think that a great deal of these headaches and other symptoms are better cured in the gym than by changing the radiation levels in the mobile phones.

    IMHO.

    - [VSTO]Gemini -
  • by jd ( 1658 )
    But... but... how would they be able to tell? Most couch potatos act like vegetables anyway!
  • I guess the seven pictures of ANTENNA shaped tumors I saw on CNN in the middle of last year doesn't mean anything to anybody?
  • I can only imagine that's due to the danger of talking on the phone while driving.

    Studies have shown that a person can hold up their end of a conversation without hurting their driving abilities one bit. That is, unless they are asked something that requires spacial or mathematical thought. It appears that talking and driving use different areas of the brain that can can work on seperate things without any trouble.

    Driving with a cell phone is likely dangerous because of the dialing and then using one hand for the phone.

    So a headset with a voicerec autodialer ought to make it perfectly safe to use a cell phone.

    --------
  • Yeh, me too. I'm hoping that God has embraced the technological age and that mobiles phones are his latest version of plague.
  • by ATKeiper ( 141486 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @04:04AM (#789304) Homepage
    ... we have a number of articles available on our Personal Security page and its archive:

    http://www.tecsoc.org/persec/persec.htm#cell [tecsoc.org]

    http://www.tecsoc.org/persec/archivepersec.htm#9 [tecsoc.org]

    A. Keiper
    The Center for the Study of Technology and Society [tecsoc.org]
    Washington, D.C.

  • Wouldn't any of these just have a sh*t signal at all times? even marketing types can't blatantly lie when it comes to technical specs.

    The D00d
  • Talking on the phone isn't any more distracting than listening to the car radio, but I don't see any movements to ban radios. It is only a matter of time before this "ban phones" fad blows over.

    I find it funny that these people who are so worried about cell phone users being distracted spend so much time looking at what other people are doing in their cars!! They should take their own advice and keep their eyes on the road.

  • We may someday view mobile phones with the same horror that we view those shoe store 'magic boxes' today.

    ISTR that radium was considered *the* thing to include in health drinks in the 1920's or so.

    As an electrical engineer I am quite happy to let the rest of you run the safety experiments on your own brains; that is an experiment I decline to participate in.

    That's your choice. However, we all take many risks in life, although most people don't generally appreciate the concept of risk, mainly because large numbers like 1:1000000 are hard to comprehend (and because the understanding of maths in the general populace is poor, but I digress).

    Moderate use of a mobile (preferably with a headset) is a risk that I do personally take, given that I already happily get in my car and drive on a regular basis - even excluding my personal driving style, there is a significant, proven, risk associated with that activity - hence my annual £1000+ insurance bill :-(

    A Biochemist friend of mine also cheerfully assures me that your genetic inheritance also plays a key role. Some people are simply more susceptible to these things, others less. Much as we wish to exercise control over our own mortality, we don't always get to choose...

  • by ATKeiper ( 141486 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @04:09AM (#789308) Homepage
    By the way, please notice that the New Scientist article this whole discussion is about is more than a year old - it is dated 10 April 1999 - and a great deal more research has been done on this topic in the intervening months.

    Yours,
    A. Keiper
    The Center for the Study of Technology and Society [tecsoc.org]
    Washington, D.C.

  • Digital cell phones typically output much less power. My Motorola Timeport has a max power output of 0.2 watts when operating in digital mode. My old analog Nokia 252, by contrast had either a .5 or .6 watt maximum power. So right from the start, digital phones emit half or less of the power that analog phones do.

    Second, the distance from the cell tower is going to affect the amount of power needed to transmit. Newer cell phones will probably adjust their transmission power to the minimum needed in order to maximize their battery life. As the number of cells increases to handle more traffic, the cells will get smaller, and help cut down on phone emissions.

    Third, the phone's design is going to have some effect on the amount of radiation actually absorbed by your brain. A straight-up-and-down phone with the antenna right next to your head is going to fare MUCH worse than something like a StarTAC, where the antenna is angled away from your head by a couple of inches and, in fact, your head is shielded somewhat by the "flip-up" that blocks the antenna. Since the radiation obeys an inverse-square law with respect to distance, even a slight increase in antenna distance from the head drastically cuts the radiation your brain absorbs. It doesn't take much if the antenna is half an inch from your head! At 1", you'll see a quarter the radiation. At 1.5", 9X less, at 2", 16X less. And so on.

    PLEASE correct me if I'm wrong on any of this! If I'm an idiot, I need to know so I don't do it again. :)
  • by XNormal ( 8617 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @04:14AM (#789310) Homepage
    After millions of dollars spent on research over the last decade no correlation has been proven yet between cellular phone usage and any damage to the health of the user. If such correlation does exist, though, one thing is sure: it's so low that it is difficult to spot against the background noise of normal health problems.

    Compare this to the damage of air pollution that is very easy to spot statistically.

    I am not saying that there is no risk in cellular phones, it's just a matter of proportion. We take risks every day: the risk of living in a polluted city, the risk of being hit in a car accident, the risk of being mugged etc.

    I would like to have better information about the amount of risk I am taking when I use my cellular phone, but it's pretty certain that it's much lower than other risks I take every day with barely a second thought.

    ----
  • ...And you know what they say about guys with big feet....

    They wear big shoes.
  • I wonder whether the decreased reaction time could be a result of stochastic resonance [umbrars.com].

    This is a phenomenon in which injecting noise into a weak signal can increase its detectability.

    It has been shown that crayfish use this in the nerve cells of their tail hairs, possibly to improve their ability to detect vibrations from the motion of predators they are escaping. I've seen some pretty dramatic examples [umsl.edu] of low contrast images that were impossible to interpret are made very plain by adding some white noise to them.
  • Well, you might try reading the article, which sums up with "If it doesn't reliably cause cancer in animals and cells at high doses, then it probably isn't going to cause cancer in humans,"...the consensus is: don't panic . . . but watch this space. i.e., no link has been reproducibly demonstrated.
  • Yeah, no kidding. I have a cell phone, and I've been eagerly reading the studies for a while. Though not to see if my phone is killing me. I'm reading them to see if ANY useful info will ever come of them. Basically that article linked in this post says "Maybe they're killing you, but then again, maybe not. They could be though, but don't worry because they might not be."

    Personally, I'm not so sure there will ever be conclusive results. (Or more likely, there WILL be conclusive results from a variety of sources, and they'll balance out against each other so there's no useful data.)
  • For 20 years, there was never a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.

    Oh, horseshit.

    It was public knowledge in the middle of the 20th century that smoking was dangerous to your health. In a Heinlein short story written in the 40's ("If This Goes On..."), there's a reference to smoking being bad for you (followed by a defense straight from the Tobacco industry's future playbook, where the character states it is his RIGHT to choose to smoke and kill himself if he wants to). In fact, according to http://www.tobacco.org/History/Tobacco_History.htm l:

    1761: HEALTH: ENGLAND: John Hill performs perhaps first clinical study of tobacco effects, warns snuff users they are vulnerable to cancers of the nose.

    17-freaking-61! Was that 20 years ago? How about this one?

    1912: HEALTH: First strong connection made between lung cancer and smoking. Dr. I. Adler is the first to strongly suggest that lung cancer is related to smoking in a monograph.

    It's been known for a VERY long time that smoking causes cancer. The reason for the mealy-mouthed warnings wasn't lack of proof, it was lack of willpower on the part of the government.

    And, to get back on topic, if cell phones were even a hundredth as dangerous as tobacco, it would have been obvious LONG ago. For example, when there were relatively few cell phone users out there. It's pretty clear that they aren't.

    -jon

  • "Repacholi, who is now coordinating the WHO's research into the health effects of electromagnetic radiation, says..."

    Things really took a turn after Keith Moon died.

  • by hojo ( 94118 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @05:47AM (#789317) Homepage
    As others have pointed out, this article from New Scientist isn't really that new.

    More recently, there was a nice summary of research done over at Medscape [medscape.com] which I discussed at my website. Since I'm an oncologist and an electrical engineer, I happen to have a keen interest in the issue from both sides.

    If you take a look at my comments on the matter [dyndns.org], you may find some food for thought. Basically, this sort of radiation may well pose a threat to our health, but it may do so at such a low rate and take so long to show effects that it may not even matter.

    Look at smoking: if you smoke, you have a 7000% increased risk of developing some sort of aerodigestive cancer (oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, lung, etc.) as well as a much higher risk of cervical cancer in women, increased risk of skin cancers, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, yadda yadda yadda. That data was easy to find and tease out due to the incredible rarity of these tumors in nonsmokers.

    However, now you're talking about much more rare tumors, and not a very large rate of increased risk. You don't even need statistics to see that smoking has a high association with cancer, but when you look at human tumors that only affect 1 in 100,000 people, then try to see if the rate is 2 in 100,000 among those exposed (or, as is more likely, 1.1 in 100,000 among those exposed) you are in a different world. You will need amazingly large populations in order to show a statistically significant difference of even 100% higher risk. And then, even if you do, your research is subject to criticism because you aren't going to be able to do a randomized trial. All retrospective, cohort, or other nonrandomized trials can be picked apart by either the phone manufacturers or consumer interest groups (the two sides, as I see them, in this debate).

    In the end, you also have to ask yourself if it matters to you. I know lots of patients who continue to smoke because they just damn like it, and forget trying to get them to quit. They'd literally rather get another cancer than give up their favorite habit. Lots of cell phone (or insert your favorite high tech device here) users will just say to hell with it and continue to use the devices. After all, I still love to ride motorcycles, even after working in an ER. ;-)

  • maybe the reason that SETI has found no EMR created by other civilizations is because
    EMR turns out to be destructive to civilizations in some way unknown to us. given the rate of discovery of new physics in the last century, it is foolish to suppose that there does not exist lots of new physics waiting to be discovered.
  • The speed of light in normal wire is about 1/2 the speed of light.

    The speed of an election in a wire is on the order of a meter a minute. Think of it like a garden hose: a water molicule in the hose takes a while to get out, but if the hose is full of water turning on the valve results in instant water flow. It normally takes a while to get all the old water out of the hose before you get fresh. (This is perhaps better seen in your shower)

    This is freshman physics, and I highly recomend all geeks spend a year in college taking basic science course like this one.

  • Isn't there a safety issue in the petro station when your car pulls up with a hot exhaust pipe sitting low to the ground? There should be millions of gas station explosions a day if there is any risk, as any concentration of gas fumes strong enough to explode (which is accually a relativly narrow range of concentration compared to most explosives) would be easally ignited by those high tempatures.
  • I support the Precautionary Principle: "When an activity raises threats of harm to human health or the environment, precautionary measures should be taken even if some cause and effect relationships are not fully established scientifically. In this context the proponent of an activity, rather than the public, should bear the burden of proof."

    Oh, lord. You would have been against the invention of fire.

    -jon

  • I do know what EMR stands for. But thank you for the overview of Michael Farraday's work. I would argue that magnetic fields (which come in a variety of flavours, including ferro-magnetic - the usual sort you'll encounter - and repulsive magnetic fields generated by superconductors) are NOT always caused by movement of electrical charge.

    In fact, if you recall from your physics, a magnetic field is generated IN OPPOSITION to a changing electrical field, and vice versa. (You CANNOT induce an electrical field from an electrical field. This is why transformers use a ferrous core.)

    Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a magnetic field moving at right-angles to an electrical field. (Hence the inclusion of BOTH terms.)

    Magnetic fields NOT induced by the movement of an electrical field include virtually all non-ferrous magnetic material, such as magnetostars, superconductors (where electrical fields have no meaning, in a classical sense), and all EMR of greater frequency than about mid X-Ray, which is all generated within the nucleus, and not through the collapse of electrons from one orbital to another.

    (Phew! All those tech terms! And I even understand them! :)

  • by lw54 ( 73409 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @03:26AM (#789323)
    Home phones that use 900KHz and 2.4GHz seem to operate in the same frequency range as mobile phone so are they dangerous too?

    No, they use *far* less transmitting power because they only need to transmit a few hundred feet.

  • The volunteers were quicker at pressing a matching button if the headset was switched on

    The improvement was small--about 4 per cent.


    Hmmm still not quite enough to counter the 900ms ping times i get playing halflife over my nokia :(
  • by Matt_Bennett ( 79107 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @03:28AM (#789325) Homepage Journal
    First, microwaves (and indeed any EMR) affects ONLY those molecules that correspond to that wavelength.

    Like water. Cellular phones (esp. PCS, around 1.9 GHz) are pretty close to the frequency that is proven effective for heating things- like microwave ovens (~2.4 GHz).

    Secondly, the chances are that it's not an EMR effect at all. The magnetic fields of cell phones are probably much more important than microwave emissions.

    Think about the acronyms you use before you use them- EMR - electro MAGNETIC radiation. They go together. Yes, different things affect the electical and magnetic fields differently, but magnetic fields are always generated by the motion of electric particles (since no one has found any magnetic monopoles yet, or evidence of them).
  • The latest issue of Wired Magazine [www.wired.comtargettop] has one of their famous little charts that gives you information about specific phones and the microwaves they give off at different connection types (two kinds of digital and analog). To me, it seems like such small numbers that it wouldn't make a difference anyhow.

    In my honest opinion, I'm not really bothered by such a thing. It's like smoking -- smoking HAS been proven to cause cancer, but many people still smoke (and start) every day. As the famous saying goes: "You gotta die of something."

  • I wonder if different phones would give different, if any, side-effects. Are digital PCS phones more/less dangerous than analog phones? How about the size of the phone, does that affect the amount of radiation comming from the phone?
    --Just my 2 Canadian pennies
  • The frequency most phones run at is a shorter wavelength than the width of your head, so in most cases, you do absorb a minimal amount of radiation when using your phone (remember, of course radiation is just something which will pass through a vacuum). If you carry a phone all the time, digital is safer than analog because it requires less power, and searches for the closest antenna passively (which is why digital phones can have 3 week battery lives, which analog last 1/2 a day). Presently the relation of cell phones to brain cancer seems to be overstated. There is always a chance, since you are absorbing a minute amount of radiation when using them (only while transmitting on digital phones). But, you also absorb radiation when standing in front of a microwave oven. As for the number of cancer cases, you have to draw your own conclusions. Brain cancer shows up in about 1/100,000 of the population. So, if there's 80 million cell phone users, you expect to see about 4,000 cases. Does anyone know how many cases have shown up in the last several years? You home cordless phone also gives off radiation (if it's a 900 or 2.4 GHz phone), but it's MUCH less, since they transmit only a few hundred feet, instead of several miles. Personally, I'd be more worried about radiation from the three computer monitors around my desk at work.
  • You're already being fried by all sorts of waves. CBs/radio stations/towers/computers/walkie talkies/cordless phones/PA systems/computer screens/pencil sharpeners/power generators/amplifiers...[insert everything electronic here]

    You bring up a good point, but the only other option is to move to the mountains in some remote part of the world. Its a factor of our society today..kinda ironic. Life expentancy has grown thanks to all our technology...wonder if it will start to decrease soon by the same reason?

  • This is an easy way to improve your quake skills: just use a mobile phone.

    Just don't use your mobile phone to play quake using it as a modem. The latency across GSM phones is really quite scary (~1000ms)...

  • Its about time Mother nature starting fighting back.

  • by Veteran ( 203989 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @04:24AM (#789332)
    While the power of the micro wave radiation emitted by a mobile phone is small - the energy involved in brain functions is also very small - it doesn't take much to trigger electrical activity in neurons.

    If direct experiments on tissue involving microwaves are difficult to perform because the microwaves interfere with the delicate measuring devices used in the experiments, why would anyone think that the same microwaves would have no effect on neurons - which are themselves delicate electrical measuring devices?

    Most slashdotters are not old enough to remember this, but when I was growing up back in the 50's many shoe stores had these 'magic boxes' - about half the size of a refrigerator that a shoe salesman could use to check to see if your new shoes fit properly. The way the boxes worked was the child put his feet into an opening in them and the shoe salesman looked into a visor and he could see how the shoes fit by actually looking inside of them as though he had X-ray vision like Superman!

    That was because he DID have X-ray vision; the 'magic boxes' were fluoroscopes driven by a powerful X-ray generator. Unlike a dental X-ray, the fluoroscopes did not use a brief burst of radiation which exposed a sensitive piece of film - they used a continuous beam of X-rays which were strong enough to light up a fluorescent screen with an image of the child's foot!. The poor salesman's head was in line with the X-ray emissions. When a bunch of 50's versions of Al Bundy started 'glowing in the dark' (yes I know biological tissue doesn't glow in the dark when exposed to X-rays) the machines were pulled out of service. My dad - who was a physics major in college - wouldn't let us get near those machines.

    We may someday view mobile phones with the same horror that we view those shoe store 'magic boxes' today. As an electrical engineer I am quite happy to let the rest of you run the safety experiments on your own brains; that is an experiment I decline to participate in.

  • I'll remind people that King James I wrote a leaflet where he mentioned how doctors knew smoking tobacco was injurious to health.

    And today, there are more tobbaco smokers as a percentage of population in Britain than there were when it was written.

    So, how exactly did the tobacco companies supress data released by a soverign hundreds of years before they were organized?

    Steven E. Ehrbar
  • ...Driving while talking on the phone. A campaign to make the cell phone illegal to use while driving has been started by none other than NPR's Click and Clack from Car Talk. They have started a campaign called Drive Now, Talk Later [cars.com]. They even have free bumper stickers that say this (for multiple stickers, $0.10 each). There's even a sound clip of the Republican senatorial candidate from Massachusetts, Jack E. Robinson, getting into an accident while talking to Christopher Lydon of "The Connection" (Lydon was highlighted earlier on Slashdot for interviewing the inventor of Ethernet).

    I say, definetly go to this site! Even if the cause doesn't strike a chord with you, Tom and Ray Magliozzi (a.k.a. Click and Clack) will get you laughing anyway!

    P.S.: I was typing this at the Wentworth Institute of Technology, and I'm still debating as to which server is slower, Wentworth's, or Slashdot's.

  • Having been cut off by jackasses in SUVs yacking on their mobile phones (And undoubtedly on their way to a starbucks where they'll get a latte and pay for it with their credit card) I can only say that I hope the radiation from mobile phones is, in a few years, proven to cause some bizarre and disfiguring disease. And sterility.
  • Conceivably, there's a safety issue in petrol stations where a spark from a mobile phone could ignite fuel vapour, but I'd have thought that it's a slim risk.

    A spark? From what in the phone, exactly? I'd me far more worried about the spark from the static electricity zap you get when you get out of some fabric seats and touch the frame of the car.

    A spark... from a cellphone... Riiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiight...

  • all switches can create a spark
  • by Veteran ( 203989 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @06:06AM (#789338)
    While the original trigger of a neuron is electrochemical - the actual transmission of the signal in a neuron is purely an electrical effect. The reason that the transmission speed of the signal is so slow compared to wires is capacitance. The cell walls of a neuron are so thin that the capacitance of the conducting ion channel inside the neuron relative to the fluid surrounding the channel is very high. Conductor - extremely thin insulator - conductor; that is a capacitor. The Ion fluid inside the neuron is not a very good conductor; so we have a capacitor being charged through a resistor. This RC time constant is what makes the signal propagation speed so low.

    The proof of this model comes from long axons - which have myelinated sheaths. These insulating sheaths make the cell wall much thicker - decreasing the capacitance and speeding up the nerve impulse. This also has the effect of allowing longer distances between depolarizing sites - which serve the function of a repeater; boosting signal strength.

    If we made tiny wires the size of neurons which had insulation as thin as a neural cell wall, and immersed them in a conductive fluid - we couldn't get signal speeds much higher than neurons get. The tiny wires would have considerable resistance, and the thin insulators would mean they would have great distributed capacitance relative to the surrounding conductive fluid. The scale of things has a profound effect on how they work.

  • A headset with a low-pass filter in the leads and a ferrite core surrounding the leads, will, if properly designed, be completely radiation-free.
  • >>Personally, I'd be more worried about radiation from the three computer monitors around my desk at work. Sounds like you are at risk for developing breast cancer. Give somebody enough time and they'll find the LCD display panels cause something.
  • I know of one person, whom I will never ride with again, that uses a handheld cellphone, and takes notes at the same time while driving. These are the really dangerous people.
  • When a microwave photon hits a molecule of water and gets absorbed, that molecule is suddenly ionized with great force. Sure, this doesn't amount to much heat in a material, but if this molecule happens to be in a sensitive position, it can cause trouble. Look at bread heated in a microwave. Why does it get hard when it cools? Because the dissolved sugars in the bread were subjected to great energies at the molecular level, and carmelized.

    Cancer can happen when a DNA strand is damaged in one of a few particular locations, turning off the growth-regulation in a cell. The cell starts to divide uncontrolled, eventually making millions of copies of itself and forming a tumor.

    One microwave photon can cause this if it happens to hit the right spot. The force of the ionization of that water molecule is like a tiny explosion occuring within the DNA strand. More powerful transmissions just increase the chance that this will happen.

    DNA isn't the only sensitive molecule in our bodies. There are many important proteins and ions that can be badly damaged by a stray photon at the right energy. We can't possibly stop all naturally-occuring radiation damage to our systems, but we certainly shouldn't add to it.
  • Just in case they do cause cancer, you may want to know that Motorola cellular phones far LESS towards the human body than Nokia and most other phones. Nokia phones emit up to 10 times more radiation to the brain than Motorola's. There are a couple other phone manufacturers that come close, but not Erickson or Nokia. I'm sure this will change as soon as the FCC mandates that the phones be labeled with the SAR rating. Motorola's phones may not compare to Nokia's as far as features, but their RF design is superior. I can provide statistics if anyone doesn't believe me.
  • by RJ11 ( 17321 ) <serge@guanotronic.com> on Monday September 11, 2000 @02:51AM (#789344) Homepage
    They could make a report saying that cell phones turn people into complete vegetables and I would doubt that the majority of people would stop using them. Hell, they probably do turn people into vegetables.
  • "the volunteers were quicker at pressing a matching button if the headset was switched on"

    This is an easy way to improve your quake skills: just use a mobile phone.
  • The baseline incidence is an important fact in these issues, and as you imply it's nearly always glossed over in favour of "doubled risk" or some other multiple. But the point made by the growth curve chart on the New Scientist page is that there are 500M cellphone users now, and more in the future. If there are a billion users in two years and an extra 1/100K risk of a lethal tumor, 10,000 people will be killed by their cellphones. That's a lot of preventable human pain and loss.

    The real point of these cellphone articles is being consistently lost - we don't know yet because we need good *nonbiased* studies starting now. All of the ones to date have been done either via cellphone industry funding (the vast majority in fact) or by people with an ax to grind. Both of these are equally useful. As you note, the effects are likely to be longterm - if there are real cases happening now it's because those people happened to be the canaries in this coalmine - so the studies will need to be longterm too. It'd be nice to get a leg up on this if it does introduce real danger, instead of waiting 300 years the way we did with tobacco.
  • by Anonymous Coward
    ...and it keeps those dangerous emissions where they don't matter-- near your genitals!
  • Regardless of what the scientists eventually find out, there is no drawback whatsoever to using a headset for your cell phone. It frees up your hand to do whatever, and for the most part, they are more comfortable (and easier on your neck) than the phones themselves.
  • > PLEASE correct me if I'm wrong on any of
    > this! If I'm an idiot, I need to know so
    > I don't do it again. :)

    I wish more people would end their posts
    with a comment like this one (and BELIEVE it
    too).

    You were basically correct, as far as I
    know (but then maybe *I* am an idiot!).
  • by onion2k ( 203094 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @02:53AM (#789350) Homepage
    three other teams have failed to find similar evidence of increased cancer rates among mice exposed to microwave emissions

    They did admit however that they taste rather like chicken.
  • In fact, I want more freedom! I want the freedom to shoot the Visa-using Latte-sucking Cell-phone yacking SUV driving planet-hollywood cultured jackass who cut me off. Is that so much to ask?
  • ALL of my my friends have mobile phones. I am the last one to stand without one. I think It will get to a stage where you are cool if you don't have one...

    Has anybody ever thought of programming an emulator of a mobile phone in a java sevlet???

  • I was finally succumbed last Thursday. Management decided I needed one. The fact that I never turn it on seems to have eluded them so far...
  • by cr0sh ( 43134 )
    they used a continuous beam of X-rays which were strong enough to light up a fluorescent screen with an image of the child's foot!

    I am too young to remember them, but I do know of them.

    All you /.'ers out there, if you want a real treat - try to find a copy of "The Boy Electrician" by Alfred Morgan. A rare classic, this book actually shows the kid of yesteryear how to build the device spoken of above (a fluoroscope, back when one could buy an x-ray tube nearly anywhere), as well as a host of other fascinating devices from the time (mostly motors, and other electrical gadgets)...

    I support the EFF [eff.org] - do you?
  • by RONA ( 148008 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @02:56AM (#789355)
    Home phones that use 900KHz and 2.4GHz seem to operate in the same frequency range as mobile phone so are they dangerous too?
  • by mirko ( 198274 ) on Monday September 11, 2000 @03:02AM (#789356) Journal
    ...New "low-radiation" phones available soon.
    Why?
    And while the results on the activity of the brain are too new to have been subjected to the same scrutiny, the consensus is: don't panic . . . but watch this space.
    Because I just can't help establishing a relation between this article that says "perhaps no" and this one [slashdot.org]:
    1. Phones cells are diminishing
    2. There are few new cellular phone features attracting people as most of them now have WAP, DATA and FAX
    3. People are keen on ecology provided its applications make them smarter
    4. New phone make people smarter
    5. No "low-radiation" phone have been released yet
    So, I just can't help imaginating a marketer's mind: OK, if we have a doubt then there is something to sell to make peopl feel more secure.
    Get it ?
    --
  • since no one has found any magnetic monopoles yet

    Untrue. I had MONOPOLE stored on a magnetic floppy as early as 1984. I expect many of the older folks here did as well.
  • Actually, it was found out in some study that the headset acts as an antenna, and that its radiation to the brain is three times as powerful compared to using only the phone. Well, I sometimes use a headset anyway, and I trust no study anymore. :-)
  • In one series of experiments, the team found that larvae exposed to an overnight dose of microwaves wriggled less and grew 5 per cent faster than larvae that were not exposed, suggesting that the microwaves were speeding up cell division.

    Just keep talking on that mobile after you've had the mandatory car accident due to yakking in traffic and you'll get back in shape in no time.
    --
    Violence is necessary, it is as American as cherry pie.
    H. Rap Brown
  • "decreased the time subjects took to react to words flashed onto the screen. When "yes" or "no" was displayed, the volunteers were quicker at pressing a matching button if the headset was switched on"

    Yeah, cocaine will give you the same results, but, you won't see me running out and snorting. No thanks, I can afford to wait 10+ more years and watch what happens. Besides, if I had a cell phone, my job would probably be able to find me...unlike now :)

  • So, because a cell phone decreases your reaction time, it is actually good to use a phone while driving a car???
    How to make a sig
    without having an idea
  • Where I work, we use Nortel Companion phones. These are phones on a buiness phonesystem that act just like mobile phones, only they work only within range of the anntenna around the office/plant. Very convenient - but I wonder if these have the same effects as standard phones?
  • for the info to filter in about how bad cigarettes were for you, i expect it`ll be a while before phones are checked out one way or the other.
  • ...is good news. This have brought me closer to my decision about trying to wet-wiring with my Nokia ;-) It says in the article that the microwaves causes stress, alchoholism and may cause strong reactions to morphine. All of which will give you bad diseases of some kind... hehehe microwaves causes stress. Nice. This added to the stress that the phone itself gives you. Gotta go, cellphone is ringing, the coffee is getting cold, and I gotta go see my accountant right after the dentist!
  • They're definitely a good idea if you feel you must use your phone while driving.

    I didn't see any mention of it in the article, nor have I read any studies about it, but I wouldn't be surprised to find out that automobile accident rates are higher for mobile phone users. I'm pretty sure some states/towns here in the US ban driving while talking on mobile phones. I can only imagine that's due to the danger of talking on the phone while driving.

  • I think all you would need is a properly designed headset with a 100 Ohm resistor to prevent the wire from becomming a giant antenna, no?
  • Fact is, it's probably a good idea for a couple of reasons:
    1. We still aren't sure that existing mobiles are safe. They may cause harm; that in itself should be enough for alternatives to be looked into. Hell, the British government banned beef on the bone because of a hypothetical risk; IMHO the risk of cooking my brain is probably higher than the supposed risk from beef on the bone.
    2. Lower radio emissions in general should allow things like radio telescopes to work better as the background noise will be lower. Think also of mobile phones near sensitive electronic equipment, eg, in hospitals. A lower signal wouldn't necessarily cause a problem.
    This isn't to say that marketers won't promote the risk more than is actually required, of course :)
    --
  • Information is much more free now; while the tobacco companies actually hid the information about ill-effects for marketing reasons.
    --
  • This "news" was in all the papers in the UK well over a year ago, and featured on TV a few times. Since then I've been walking round with a mobile strapped to each ear. Any confusion that results from two people phoning me simultaneously is offset by my super sharp reactions and ultra-honed intellect.
  • Even New Scientist (which should NOT be construed as a reliable source of objective scientific information) admits that there is no evidence that exposure to microwave radiation at typical cell phone levels causes any risk to the health.

    Despite the many studies that have been done, and the significant alarmist attitude of the vocal anti-radiation zealots, there is still no evidence of risk associated with the use of cell phones. Period.

    So, why the stories? It does get people to read it, doesn't it? Especially when the authors play of people's paranoia ("don't panic . . . but watch this space"). Please.
  • These days it's not the air being sucked out my lungs I worry about that I worry about when I go on trains - it's that I'll get stuck in a load of mobile phone users.

    "hello? yes I'm on the train. about 20 minutes? the medication? well, I've been cutting down because the attacks haven't been as bad - I'm on quite a busy train just now, and I feel fine."

    I DON'T WANT TO LISTEN TO SNIPPETS OF YOUR LIFE!!!
  • Veteran wrote:

    If direct experiments on tissue involving microwaves are difficult to perform because the microwaves interfere with the delicate measuring devices used in the experiments, why would anyone think that the same microwaves would have no effect on neurons - which are themselves delicate electrical measuring devices?

    The way nerve tissue works is quite different to the way current flows down a wire. You can't compare the two.

    Impusles are transmitted down nerve tissue by a series of depolarizations across the width of the axon (if I remember my school biology correctly, please bear with me and add detail to anything I've got wrong or missed...). It's an electrochemical effect - not at all like current down a wire. Unlike current down a wire, nerve impulses travel a lot slower than the speed of light - IIRC, less than 100 mph.

  • Well except for the fact that holding a phone to your head with one hand impares your vision.

    I'm a big fan of states that don't allow cell phone use while driving. The laws in these states do allow using a cell phone with a hands free set.

    I've personally witnessed 3 accidents in the last year where the person at fault was on a damn cell phone. ( i know, i know, personal experiance != statistical truth, but still )

    Ex-Nt-User
  • by Anonymous Coward
    Actually, it's 900MHz and 2.4GHz... And the unlicensed crap that uses those bands are sanctioned in the US by Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regs (47 CFR 15 for you lawyers), as secondary services behind various ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) devices and Amateur Radio. Hams, BTW, can operate with up to 1500W of transmitter output power, and with as much of an ERP as they can muster. BTW, your typical cell phone, such as my Motorola-made Nextel i1000, transmits with anywhere from 400mW down to 1.2uW, according to the user manual - definitely QRP...
  • First, microwaves (and indeed any EMR) affects ONLY those molecules that correspond to that wavelength.

    Actually, this turns out not to be the case. Any insulating material will absorb EM radiation in the microwave range or at lower frequencies (and any conducting material will reflect it). While materials with an absorption band in the right place will absorb _more_ radiation per unit distance, you still get absorption no matter what you're sending the microwaves through.

    Absorption is an exponential drop-off in intensity within the material. The rate of drop-off depends on the incoming signal's wavelength, which is why the older longer-wave cell phones aren't as bothered by walls as the new, higher-frequency (and shorter wavelength) cell phones.

    For both types of phone, the wavelength is short enough that you'll still get a substantial amount of absorption within the user's head - which will have the sole effect of heating it up by a few thousanths of a degree. I'm not too worried.
  • I am very uneasy about cell phones (and wireless networking) - they should have been proven (as far as possible) to be safe before even being considered for general use. I'm sufficiently uneasy that I refuse to have a cell phone.

    I support the Precautionary Principle:
    "When an activity raises threats of harm to human health or the environment, precautionary measures should be taken even if some cause and effect relationships are not fully established scientifically. In this context the proponent of an activity, rather than the public, should bear the burden of proof."

    In this context, it should be up to the industries selling such things as cellphones and wireless networks to give evidence, rather than assurances, that it is safe, and to show (including the research data) that any fears are groundless, or at least be clear on possible risks, so that we can make informed choices about what we use.

    Instead, they are reaping the profits on such technology, while we the public are exposed to whatever hazards may be involved (and there may well turn out to be none, but there is a poor track record on this), while adequate reseach on hazards is not a high priority, because it does not meet the financial/economic objectives of research funders.

    Getting back to the article, all it says is that "there's still no evidence that mobile phones will mangle your memories or give you cancer". That is really not good enough - it is part of the "line up the bodies" (require proof that it is harmful before doing anything to stop it) approach that is usually taken when there is big money involved.
  • CH4 is also a majority stated owned non-profit making organisation - just privately financed.

    I'd suggest it depends on the board of directors and the organisation's mission statement.
  • I would hardly call the current Labour government "socialist"
    [striking] is not the way to make policy in Britain and as far as I am concerned it never will be. This comment sounds pretty similar to Thatcher's response to the minor's strike, but this came direct from Blair's mouth on the fuel tax picketing.
  • Yes, one photon can cause cancer. Are you going to hide in a dark cellar now? What you should do in cases like this is not check if it can pose a threat, but if that threat is big enough to warrant action. All new technologies (and old ones for that matter) pose dangers. Electric wires can cause fires, and you don't think all that radiation stays in your microwave, do you? The trick here is to create a situation where the risk is such that we can all live with it. If it is larger, we take action. If it is not, we just say: "Oh well, we're going to die anyway."
  • Like tv?
  • OK. Let's get this clear.

    Digital cell phones emit frequencies in the 1.9 GHz range. That's pretty damned high, and the wavelength is measured in centimeters. 15 to be almost exact.

    Cell phones also emit maybe 3 watts on a low gain antenna. And most conversations are extremely short.

    The real "danger range" for humans is in the VHF band, 2-meter and 125-cm.

    This is according to the references courtesy the ARRL and your friendly /. ham and hacker sandwich.
  • I dispute the notion that mobiles cause memory loss. I've never owned a mobile & I still can't remember what I did 10 minutes ago!
  • Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a magnetic field moving at right-angles to an electrical field. (Hence the inclusion of BOTH terms.)


    Actually, no, the electric field is at right angles to the magnetic field- as given by one of Maxwell's laws: (del) x E = -(the partial derivative of B with respect to t) Where E is the vector electric field and B is the magnetic flux density.

    Magnetic fields NOT induced by the movement of an electrical field include virtually all non-ferrous magnetic material, such as magnetostars, superconductors (where electrical fields have no meaning, in a classical sense), and all EMR of greater frequency than about mid X-Ray, which is all generated within the nucleus, and not through the collapse of electrons from one orbital to anothe

    Please read my post more carefully, I did not say that magnetic fields were induced by the movement of an electrical field- all magnetic fields are induced by the movement of electric(ally charged) particles. Until you find a magnetic monopole, that will be the case. (as given by another of Maxwell's laws: (del)(dot)B=0. In your example, the electrons are moving as the atom changes state.

    Look at Ampere's circuital law: (line integral)H(dot)dl=I : a line integral of static magnetic field taken about any given closed path must equal the (electrical) current enclosed by that path.

    A superconductor has no magnetic field *inside* it, but there is plenty of magnetic field around it, caused by (any only by) movement of electrons in the superconductor. Actually there is no *electric* field inside a perfect conductor, either.

  • About this article: look at the bottom of the New Scientist article, it says: from New Scientist, 10 April 1999

  • Reminds me of a "study" I saw once in which the researcher proved that kids in elementary grades with bigger feet scored better in standardized tests.
    This was met with great awe until it was explained by him that this was due to the fact that kids with larger feet are older :)
  • I expect that the power diminishes somewhat, but I don't know how it varies inside the "near field" distance? I would also imagine it depends on the particular antenna's shape. Is there a place on the web I could find more info about this?

    In any event, the law holds for larger distances (a foot or so)... so get a headset and put your phone on the desk or the passenger seat in your car, and you'll cut the radiation you absorb by an enormous factor.
  • Support for the idea that microwaves can trigger biochemical stress at low energies comes from a team led by Henry Lai at the University of Washington in Seattle. He claims that rats exposed to microwaves produce natural painkillers called endorphins and are more likely to binge on alcohol or react strongly to morphine and barbiturates.

    Actually, the stress comes from the rats using the cell phones to make appointments, sell/buy stock, and to try and get a date for this saturday party with morphine and barbituates!

    Actually, I don't trust Cell phones yet, and will wait a few more years to see how others have reacted to them. Luckly, being a programmer, I don't have to (or want to) be connected to people 24 hours a day.

    Although the article never mentioned driving and cell phones, I think that's more dangerous than anything else. I've witnessed two people blow through red lights and one women run off the road all because they were too busy chatting on their phone instead of watching the road.

    Steven Rostedt
  • Wrong! Scientists have discovered that a headset acts as a long antenna. You get three times as much radiation to the brain with a hands-free.

    Quote: Graeme Jacobs, editor of Which? magazine said: "If you're worried about levels of radiation from your mobile phone, you shouldn't rely on a hands-free set. The two models we tested triple the radiation to your brain, though we still don't know for certain whether that radiation is harmful."

    See: This article [guardianunlimited.co.uk] for details.

    Baz

  • Regardless of what the scientists eventually find out, there is no drawback whatsoever to using a headset for your cell phone. It frees up your hand to do whatever, and for the most part, they are more comfortable (and easier on your neck) than the phones themselves.

    They're definitely a good idea if you feel you must use your phone while driving.

    A lot of people, however, use headsets while their phone is in their pocket or clipped to their belt. It has been found (I forget where I read it) that just being those three feet closer to the ground means poorer reception, so the phone has to switch to a more powerful broadcast mode more often -- and this while the phone is close to your reproductive organs. How pleasant. This will also have an effect on battery life of course.

    Ah, I remember the old days, when if you saw someone walking around a city street talking to themselves, they were mentally ill. Now they're probably just using the handsfree kit for their mobile...
    --
  • See, when people smoke in front of you, you cough and tell them to go away since you could die in his smoke.
    But then what about mobiles?
    Mobiles are so commonplace today,every second person next to you is yapping on his cell. What do you do? tell him to go outside? I think you should. Because smoking is avoidable, you can use a hnkerchief to screen out some of the smoke. But what do you do about mobiles? Use leadhelmets?

    Another thing. Know Bluetooth? yeah, any device 3m away from you will have radio on it. And so, effectively, in office or any civilized area, you're fried in Radiowave. How's that.

    How's that for the future?


    If anything's gonna be great in the future,this place [slashdot.org] is.
  • You could do worse than check this [bbc.co.uk] link at the BBC, which fully explains proven health theories and the fiction behind the others.


    .
    ..
  • I have a cell phone and... err... I forget what my point was.
  • The problem with extrapolating effects from microwave radiation is that, although it is "radiation", it is non-ionizing radiation. In other words, the photon energy is too low to strip electrons from atoms. Thus it can only cause heating, and low levels at that. Sure, it is slightly possible that resonance effects may cause differential heating that could cause a slight problem, but I doubt there is any *significant* risk here. This subject has been studied for many decades, and there is no significant evidence that RF exposure at levels much higher than you get from a cell phone has any negative effects.

    If you want to worry about something, worry about how your driving skills decrease while you are using the microwave. The risk is orders of magnitude higher.
  • This gives new meaning to the term 'hot head'.

    They said that the cell phones do heat the brain, but that thinking and mind exercises would do this more intensly. I wonder if that had anything to do with the fact that they also mention that when these devices are on they respondants answered 'faster'. It would make sense. If your brain is already warm then it would not have to warm up to the exercise.

    Personally I think that if you have a cell phone glued to your head all the time this constant heating is going to have some effect on the brain. Probably negitive. Think about it logically , long term exposure to the sun can cause cancer if you are out tanning (skin cancer). However short term exposures don't. If you are out side each day and walk around you probably wont get skin cancer, it is only when you are in the sun for long terms. Maybe the heating of the brain by the cell phone is the same thing. Maybe what they need are long studies of several years.

    I have a cell, but I uise it maybe once a week, or less. It is more of an emergency thing in case I am stranded somewhere or attacked or something. But I imagine that those people that drive , walk and use cells virtually 24/7 are at some sort of risk to brain cancer. the problem is that it would take years to prove and none of these studies has been done for more than 5 years.
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    I don't want a lot, I just want it all ;-)
    Flame away, I have a hose!

  • Not disagreeing here, but to throw the monkey wrench into the works....

    For 20 years, there was never a direct link between smoking and lung cancer. Oh, sure, there were thousands of papers and reports that said such, but until only the last few years were Big Tobacco able to pay off and deflect these attacks, usually by attacking the integrity of the researchers or practices used. Thus, for 20 years, the warning on a cigarette box label always read : "Smoking *may be* hazardous to your health". We've finally gotten to the point where it is indeed hazardous to your health, and the relation between smoking and cancer is a fundamental scientific fact.

    I very much doubt cel phone makers are going out and buying off or attacking anyone that does research relating tumors and cel phone radition. But this is a hint of doubt there. And since the masses generally are unable to (or are negligent in how to) access scientific literature, they depend on media (which can be bought off) for such information. A few billion dollars could easily go a long way in this area.

    (Did someone say conspiracy? :D)

  • For my part, the hype over the last few years has caused me simply not to bother about whether phones are really damaging to my health. Everyone has one, so at least we'll fry our brains en masse, if at all.

    Perhaps it's not exactly on topic, but a far more worrying issue that doesn't seem to receive enough press is the distraction that mobile phones cause to their users. To my knowledge, several EU countries have already passed laws forbidding the use of mobiles while driving for example. We will never know the true statistics of fatal accidents due to mobile phones, but I'm willing to bet that they account for a lot more than we think.

    That said, some of the reasons used to justify banning the use of mobile phones (e.g. on buses, in the cinema, at petrol stations (?)) are so ridiculous that it's obviously just for the reason that mobiles cause a public disturbance. How many times have YOU seen a movie projector getting shut down because the guy on the back row made a call?

  • `Theoretically they microwaves should have no effect, so they obviously don't cause cancer, but wow, they *do* have this other cool effect!'

    Huh?

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