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Technology

The Year in Technology 80

bedessen writes "It's that time again, when we look back on the year in summary. New Scientist has an article "2002, The Year in Technology", as well as "The Year in Medicine and Biology." Popular Science brings us "The 15th Annual Best of What's New.""
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The Year in Technology

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  • frist (Score:-1, Offtopic)

    by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @05:55PM (#4973270)
    prost
  • by corebreech ( 469871 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @05:57PM (#4973277) Journal
    That might be #1 for this decade, yes?
  • loller (Score:-1, Offtopic)

    by slipped ( 607955 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @05:58PM (#4973279)
    loller
  • I am surprised! (Score:1, Interesting)

    by Rambo, John J. ( 633310 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:01PM (#4973287) Journal
    This didn't make mention of the huge (and renewed) debate as to whether 1 or 0 is a prime number or not.

    At the conference for applied and new mathematics in Melbourne last year there was a huge fervor over this as new evidence came to light.

    Basically, from I gather, it's like this:

    Technically, neither 1 nor zero is a prime number. It is easiest to see why zero isn't: since a prime number is only divisible by one and itself,
    let's find all the divisors of zero.

    Well, since 0 x 1 = 0, and 0 x 2 = 0, and 0 x 3 = 0, and so on, all these numbers divide zero, i.e. zero is divisible by every positive integer. So
    it isn't a prime number.

    As for 1, you might want to call it a prime number, since it really _is_ divisible by only one and itself. But then you run into some problems.
    For instance, you may know that every positive integer can be factored into the product of prime numbers, and that there's only one way to do
    it for every number. For instance, 280 = 2x2x2x5x7, and there's only one way to factor 280 into prime numbers. But if you let 1 be a prime,
    then you can get the following factorizations: 1x1x1x2x2x2x5x7, 1x2x2x2x5x7, and so on. The factorization is no longer unique.

    Furthermore, there are a whole bunch of theorems in Number Theory that tell you something about prime numbers. But most of these theorems just flat out ain't true for the number 1. So in light of these facts, we just declare the number 1 to not be a prime.

    So that's why we don't WANT 1 to be a prime. Mathematicians have summarized this in a nice neat definition: a prime number is a positive integer which has exactly 2 different positive integers that divide it evenly - no more and no fewer.
    • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:11PM (#4973306)
      ..The vast majority of the world doesn't really give a fsck. ..The final solution of whether one is prime or not will probably lead to a technological revolution the likes of which we haven't seen since the Rennaisance. :p

      Physicists? Biogeneticists? Cloning? Those don't scare me.

      Mathematicians scare me. ;)
      • by xo0m ( 570041 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:31PM (#4973359)
        "Physicists? Biogeneticists? Cloning? Those don't scare me.

        Mathematicians scare me. ;)"

        if you went to school, you would realize that physicists, biogeneticists (is that a word?), and cloners ARE mathmaticians on one level or another...so be afraid...be very afraid!!!
      • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:33PM (#4973366)
        You're right. It's not exactly a revolution per so. However, it is quite a dramatic change to what was once thought to be an obvious definition that everyone accepted as common sense (er, most people at least). Something everyone accepted as true for a long time was disproved, and I think that alone is a revolution in its own right.
    • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:29PM (#4973357)
      This didn't make mention of the huge (and renewed) debate as to whether 1 or 0 is a prime number or not.

      Why would zero be considered prime?

      At the conference for applied and new mathematics in Melbourne last year there was a huge fervor over this as new evidence came to light.

      What evidence?

      So that's why we don't WANT 1 to be a prime. Mathematicians have summarized this in a nice neat definition: a prime number is a positive integer which has exactly 2 different positive integers that divide it evenly - no more and no fewer.

      Well, by that definition, it is very clear that neither 1 or 0 are prime. Where's the controversy and what would be the point of including 1?
    • Re:I am surprised! (Score:3, Informative)

      by TheAntiCrust ( 620345 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:31PM (#4973360)
      Isnt 1 or 0 being a prime number unimportant? Perhaps my math isnt high enough yet (Math Analysis (Trig) in High school currently). Isnt it being a prime number just a label? Whats the significance? Its an interesting argument anyway. I like this kind of stuff, Im just wondering if it changes anything or is an argument for the sake of knowing.
      • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:33PM (#4973367)
        it shoulde be important i think because it cause problems with softwares that evaluate whether a number is prime or not, it may need to do something special to it.

        with if different programs analyze these different ways?
        • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:35PM (#4973372)
          it shoulde be important i think because it cause problems with softwares that evaluate whether a number is prime or not, it may need to do something special to it.

          I think that's the least concern of mathematicians.
      • by grammar nazi ( 197303 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @11:39PM (#4974523) Journal
        Perhaps my math isnt high enough yet (Math Analysis (Trig) in High school currently). Isnt it being a prime number just a label?

        Prime numbers are *extremely* significant in mathematics. Prime numbers are one of the most fundamental ideas in set theory. It turns out that it doesn't matter what base number system you use, or if you even use numbers or finite sets, you will end up with some form of prime numbers (or prime cardinality).

        The idea of primality is a very basic concept in mathematics and it lies very close to the fundamentals of logic and set theory. You mention that you are in high school, but if you are interested in reading more, I suggest reading something from an Abstract Algebra website or text book. Abstract algebra is a college level math course, that could be understood easily by an interested and motivated high school student. No calculus or prior college math is necessary to understand Abstract Algebra, although a highschool geometry course might help you with the concepts of theorems and proofs.

    • by Decimal ( 154606 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:34PM (#4973370) Homepage Journal
      So that's why we don't WANT 1 to be a prime.

      I don't want 11 to be prime, either. Would you mind doing some of that math work and fixing this, please?
      • by Rambo, John J. ( 633310 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:39PM (#4973384) Journal
        I don't want 11 to be prime, either. Would you mind doing some of that math work and fixing this, please?

        A prime number is a number that can only be divided by one and itself, one can not "fix" this. I was merely pointing out why 0 and 1 are so special, 11 is not, and therefore can not be "fixed" as you say.
        • by Decimal ( 154606 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:51PM (#4973418) Homepage Journal
          A prime number is a number that can only be divided by one and itself, one can not "fix" this. I was merely pointing out why 0 and 1 are so special, 11 is not, and therefore can not be "fixed" as you say.

          Did you just hear something? That was the sound of the 747 flying over your head, with big letters on it reading "joke". I was making fun of the point that it doesn't matter what we WANT a number to be, it just is what it is. The only difference it would make if the number is officially prime would be that most mathematical proofs that reference prime numbers would have to have a little disclaimer in them saying "all prime numbers (with the exception of 1)..."
        • by Anonymous Coward on Monday December 30, 2002 @05:02PM (#4983737)
          Your socks they smell, your feet they stink,
          You never take a bath.
          Your nose it runs, you bust your buns,
          You always finish last.
          [Chorus:]
          Sick! (Sick) Of!
          (Of) Youuuuu.
          I'm so sick, so sick of you.
          Your face is gross, you eat white toast,
          You don't know what to do.
          It's just your luck, you really suck,
          That's all - I'm sick of you
          [Chorus]
          (Bring it down... I said bring it down! Thank you)
          Don't ya know? So sick of you.
          Things you say, and all the things you do. [x6]
          [Chorus x3]
          Human filth.. Sick!
      • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:22PM (#4973503)
        Would you mind doing some of that math work and fixing this, please?

        Sure, no problem:

        A number is prime if it is greater than 1 and divisible only by 1 and itself, excluding 11.

        Now in every old theorem, just replace the word "prime" with "prime or 11".
    • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:45PM (#4973401)
      What do you people do, mod anything up that's over N lines long because you figure it must be true? There is no debate over 1 or 0 as a prime. There was no fervor at a non-existant conference in Melbourne. Stop smoking crack.
    • mod parent DOWN (Score:4, Informative)

      by $carab ( 464226 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @09:15PM (#4973861) Journal
      Youve got to be kidding me. This comment should not have been modded up in the first place.

      The message text is at:
      http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/58723.htm l [mathforum.org]

      I remember having a distinctly similar conversation with my third grade teacher when we learned about things like long division and prime numbers.
  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:09PM (#4973303)
    2002 has seen lots of trolls, some worthy some not.

    Trolls like pagewidening, goatse-kick-throughs have actually been benificial to slashdot. Debugging the inferior slashcode technology which is easily trumped by the nuke/scoop softwarez.

    cut-n-paste trolls have plauged us all aswell! The wipo trolls, the slashdot censorship trolls, the BSD is dying trolls. Trollbots have been written to post these and they have have led to crap like formkeys (which sucks on cachen) and 10ppd posting limits, as well as KARMA DISCRIMINATION!

    Bad joke trolls would be shot in nazi germany! The bizplans, the beowulf clusters and in soviet russia trolls are NOT FUCKING FUCKING FUCKING FUNNY.

    Topical trolls are very wild this year, the same trolls post the same arguments and they still get flames.

    Examples of these include
    • Debian : Obsolete Software
    • Desktop Linux : Will never work
    • Apple : Are for faggots and are too expensive
    • Linux : the gnu/linux vs linux flamewar
    • Music/Movies, (RI|MP)AA are evil(tm)

    and so on!

    The ultimate examples of these can be found on the HOF section, most of these are trolls that made it to the front page. The Why Your still using windows story got an unbeliveable 3200 flames!

    And as for ekrout, he is fucking asshole who will burn in hell, for he managed to goatse.cx the front page!
  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:11PM (#4973307)
    But I STILL don't have my goddamn flying car!
  • Coolest one (Score:5, Interesting)

    by core plexus ( 599119 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:18PM (#4973319) Homepage
    "The endlessly versatile carbon nanotube was then shown also to have an explosive side [newscientist.com] in April. A laboratory accident revealed that a bundle of carbon nanotubes will explode when exposed to an ordinary camera flash." Just in time for New Years!
  • by n0nsensical ( 633430 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:28PM (#4973354)
    "functioning replacement penises [newscientist.com] were grown from cells in the lab, albeit for mice."

    [insert joke here]
  • by Yoda2 ( 522522 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:32PM (#4973362)
    I taught computers to learn nouns and verbs based on visual perception this year. See here [greatmindsworking.com] for more info.
    • "Another thing that got forgotten was the fact that against all probability a sperm whale had suddenly been called into existence several miles above the surface of an alien planet.
      And since this is not a naturally tenable position for a whale, this poor innocent creature had very little time to come to terms with its identity as a whale before in then had to come to terms with not being a whale any more.
      This is a complete record of its thought from the moment it began its life till the moment in ended it.
      Ah...! What's happening? it thought.
      Er, excuse me, who am I?
      Hello?
      Why am I here? What's my purpose in life?
      What do I mean by who am I?
      Calm down, get a grip now...oh! this is an interesting sensation, what is it? It's a sort of...yawning, tingling sensation in my...my...well, I suppose I'd better stat finding names for things if I want to make any headway in what for the sake of what I shall call an argument I shall call the world, so let's call it my stomach.
      Good. Ooooh, it's getting quite strong. And hey, what about this whistling roaring sound going past what I'm suddenly going to call my head? Perhaps I can call that...wind! Is that a good name? It'll do...perhaps I can find a better name for it later when I've found out what it's for. It must be something very, important because there certainly seems to be a hell of a lot of it. Hey! What's this thing? This...let's call it a tail - yeah, tail. Hey! I can really thrash it about pretty good, can't I? Wow! Wow! That feels great! Doesn't seem to achieve very much but I'll probably find out what it's for later on. Now, have I built up any coherent picture of things yet?
      No.
      Never mind, hey, this is really exciting, so much to find out about, so much to look forward to, I'm quite dizzy with anticipation...
      Or is it the wind?
      There really is a lot of that now, Isn't there?
      And wow! Hey! What's this thing suddenly coming toward me very fast? Very, very fast. So big and flat and round, it needs a big wide-sounding name like...ow...ound...round...ground! That's it! That's a good name--ground!
      I wonder if it will be friends with me?

      And the rest, after a sudden wet thud, was silence

      curiously enough, the only thing that went through the mind of the bowl of petunias as it fell was Oh no, not again. Many people have speculated that if we knew exactly why the bowl of petunias had thought that we would know a lot more about the nature of the Universe than we do now."

      Seriously though.. I'm downloading your dissertion now.
  • They can never have too much coffee (caffeine is only good in some professions), and if they run Windows you have an easy-to-win malpractice suit that benifits yourself as well as the open source community!

    True, I didn't RTFA but that's what posts are for!
  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:36PM (#4973376)
    Here are my top porno picks from 2002:

    Full Load
    Billy's Tale
    Like a Horse
    Mailbu Pool Boys
    Private Dick
    A Few Fresh Men
    Jock-a-holics
    Tony's Big Brother
    The Coach's Boys
    Manly Beach
    Handtools 2
    Male Instinct
    My Cousin Danny
  • by slashuzer ( 580287 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:43PM (#4973394) Homepage
    Purely from computing's perspective, for me it's the arrival of Hperthreading on desktops. Next year, hyperthreading and increase in FSB (800 Mhz!) plus memory bandwidth will truly obsolete a lot of computers.
    • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:02PM (#4973455)
      Who gives a damn I've got a P3 800 with a original radeon and there is no piece of commercial software I cant run on it even Doom 3 will run (albeit crappilly) on this box. I also have a 20,000 dollar Sun workstation and asde from CAD (i design missiles for a small def contractor in Jersey) there is nothing the Sun does that the p3 cant. Ive put together fairly complex programms 100,000+ lines on the p3 and had no problem Ive even worked on several game mods creating fairly intricate models on the p3 with little need for more performance. I see no need fo a 3GHz chip with hyperthreading to run anything for several years. What I would like to see is much faster SCSI and cheaper ram, but thats not lilely as long as people like you only care about the Mhz and "hyper threading." Ive also got a 1.6Ghz laptop and believe me there is no practical difference. All my machines run Slackware and/or Solaris so Im not speaking strictly from a windows world here either. Kmail and Kdevelop will run on almost anything. I have a pentium 90 box as a firewall running slackware 7.0 and if I wanted to even it could run g++ and emacs and a fair amount of other stuff, but its video card barely (hardware problem) works so its condemned to be a firewall forever.
    • by Mononoke ( 88668 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:47PM (#4973585) Homepage Journal
      Next year, hyperthreading and increase in FSB (800 Mhz!) plus memory bandwidth will truly obsolete a lot of computers.
      No, it'll truly obsolete a lot of XBoxes. Computers will continue to be as useful as they've always been.

    • by Herr_Nightingale ( 556106 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @09:46PM (#4974027) Homepage
      i'd like to see multithreading on the Linux desktop.. just imagine low latency and multithreading for Xfree. A pipe dream, maybe, but 'twould be nice nevertheless.
  • by Kunta Kinte ( 323399 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @06:49PM (#4973415) Journal
    Anyone else caught this [newscientist.com] from the new scientist article?
    My word! They make bikinis that size?
  • by njdj ( 458173 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:01PM (#4973449)
    Sadly, the article on technology describes nothing that can really be described as a breakthrough. There were some more little steps towards quantum computing, but this journey did not start in 2002 and certainly did not reach fruition in 2002.

    An honest title for the article would have been "No technology breakthroughs in 2002", but that wouldn't have sold any magazines ...
  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:20PM (#4973497)

    I just heard some sad news on talk radio - Horror/Sci Fi writer Stephen King was found dead in his Maine home this morning. There weren't any more details. I'm sure everyone in the Slashdot community will miss him - even if you didn't enjoy his work, there's no denying his contributions to popular culture. Truly an American icon.
  • by Alchior ( 636640 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:40PM (#4973551)
    Heh, just seems like the usual happened. Things were improved, more ideas were thought up, transistors got smaller, Microsoft got dumber, and linux got better. It doesn't seem like anything really remarkable happened this year that would count as a breakthrough. Next year, maybe?
  • More Important (Score:-1, Offtopic)

    by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:43PM (#4973566)
    FEATURES OF THE SUBWAY SANDWICH SHOPS'
    INGREDIENT GUIDE

    At SUBWAY sandwich shops we take pride in serving you a variety of products from manufacturers of the highest quality.

    Just as products differ from one to another there are people with various dietary needs and restrictions.

    This pamphlet is meant to serve as an ingredient guide to help consumers make better informed food choices. This information includes the use of what are currently the most commonly used products approved by Doctor's Associates Inc. for SUBWAY ® sandwich shops in cases where there is more than one brand of approved products available to the franchisee. Therefore formulas may vary from region to region.

    All SUBWAY ® sandwich shop franchisees are required to abide by local and state laws which may cause variations to the information contained therein.

    For individual dietary restrictions due to allergies diseases or other reasons it is suggested that you inquire at each individual store you visit about specific ingredient content sensitivities prior to consuming individual products.

    Doctor's Associates Inc. has relied on its approved manufacturers for ingredient information contained in this pamphlet and does not warrant its accuracy other than as compiled.

    U.S. PRODUCT INGREDIENTS

    Ingredient information is based on the most current information supplied by food manufacturers. Ingredients on this list may vary due to season changes and formula or use of alternate food suppliers.

    BREADS

    SUBWAY® ITALIAN BREAD Enriched flour (wheat flour barley malt niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) water sugar contains less than 2% of the following: partially hydrogenated vegetable shortening (soybean cottonseed) yeast salt wheat protein isolate wheat gluten dough conditioners (acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides DATEM ammonium sulfate calcium sulfate ascorbic acid azodicarbonamide potassium iodate amylase [enzymes]) sodium stearoyl2lactylate mineral oil.

    SUBWAY® WHEAT BREAD Enriched flour (flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) water whole wheat flour high fructose corn syrup wheat gluten contains less than 2% of the following: wheat bran yeast salt soybean oil dough conditioner (acetylated tartaric acid esters of monoand diglycerides ammonium sulfate calcium sulfate ascorbic acid azodicarbonamide potassium iodate amylase (enzymes)] cracked wheat sodium stearoyl2lactylate caramel color (contains sulfites) dried honey preparation (honey powder invert sugar wheat starch soy bran flour silicon dioxide [anticaking]) mineral oil.

    HONEY OAT BREAD Subway® Wheat Bread honey oat topping (organic cane juice solids rolled oats diced soy nuts honey solids wheat starch sunflower oil salt caramel color and natural flavor).

    MONTEREY CHEDDAR BREAD Subway® Italian Bread Monterey Jack cheese (cultured pasteurized milk salt enzymes artificial color) potato starch and powdered cellulose added to prevent caking natamycin (a natural mold inhibitor).

    PARMESAN/OREGANO BREAD SUBWAY® Italian Bread rice flour hydrogenated soybean and cottonseed oil salt wheat gluten spice parmesan cheese (cultured part skim cow's milk salt enzymes) natural and artificial flavor soybean oil autolyzed yeast citric acid whey lecithin nonfat dry milk lactic acid garlic powdered cellulose and disodium phosphate.

    ROASTED GARLIC BREAD Subway® Italian Bread Roasted Garlic Topping (yellow cornmeal salt sugar green bell pepper sodium diacetate garlic spices onion partially hydrogenated cottonseed and soybean oil paprika disodium inosinate disodium guanylate ascorbic acid garlic natural flavor and calcium silicate (anticaking agent).

    HEARTY ITALIAN BREAD SUBWAY® Italian bread yellow cornmeal.

    SOURDOUGH BREAD Enriched flour (flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) water yeast high fructose corn syrup soybean oil salt fumaric acid sodium stearoyl2lactylate sodium diacetate acetylated tartaric acid esters of monoand diglycerides lactic acid ammonium sulfate calcium sulfate ascorbic acid azodicarbonamide potassium iodate amylase mineral oil.

    DELI STYLE ROLL Enriched flour (flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) water high fructose corn syrup contains less than 2% of the following: soybean oil salt yeast vital wheat gluten sodium stearoyl2lactylate dough conditioner (acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides ammonium sulfate calcium sulfate ascorbic acid azodicarbonamide potassium iodate amylase [enzymes]) corn flour dried honey preparation (honey powder invert sugar wheat starch soy bran flour silicon dioxide [anticaking]) artificial color mono and diglycerides soy lecithin natural and artificial flavor mineral oil.

    MEATS POULTRY CHEESE AND SEAFOOD

    BACON Pork cured with water; contains less than 2% of: salt sugar smoke flavoring sodium phosphate sodium erythorbate sodium nitrite.

    BOLOGNA Turkey pork and bacon (pork water; contains less than 2% of: salt sugar sodium phosphates sodium erythorbate and sodium nitrite. May contain: potassium chloride) water salt corn syrup dextrose flavoring autolyzed yeast extractives of paprika.

    BMT® MEATS: Genoa Salami: Pork beef salt water corn syrup dextrose sugar wine sodium erythorbate sodium nitrate spices garlic lactic acid starter culture sodium nitrite. Pepperoni: Pork beef salt dextrose water spices corn syrup paprika oleoresin of paprika flavorings sodium erythorbate lactic acid starter culture sodium nitrite. Ham: ham (cured with water) salt dextrose modified food starch (from corn) sodium phosphates sodium erythorbate smoke flavoring and sodium nitrite.

    CHICKEN BREAST PATTY Chicken breast with rib meat water seasoning {corn syrup solids vinegar powder (maltodextrin modified corn starch and tapioca starch dried vinegar) brown sugar salt dextrose chicken type flavor (hydrolyzed corn gluten autolyzed yeast extract partially hydrogenated soybean oil and cottonseed oil thiamin hydrochloride disodium inosinate and disodium guanylate)} sodium phosphates. May contain: Sugar dehydrated garlic dehydrated onion spices soy sauce solids (soybeans wheat salt) lemon juice solids natural flavor grill flavor (from partially hydrogenated vegetable oil citric acid beef extract caramel color modified food starch.

    CHICKEN BREAST STRIPS Boneless skinless chicken breasts with rib meat water soy protein concentrate salt modified food starch chicken flavor (contains salt autolyzed yeast extract sugar molasses disodium inosinate disodium guanylate sodium phosphates) sodium phosphates caramel color (contains maltodextrin).

    CHICKEN TERIYAKI STRIPS: Subway Chicken Breast Strips (see above) teriyaki glaze (water soy sauce [water wheat soybeans salt and less than 0.1% sodium benzoate as a preservative] corn syrup high fructose corn syrup rice vinegar modified food starch tomato paste garlic puree ginger puree oriental spice concentrate (sautéed ginger chili garlic sauce [chili pepper garlic water salt sugar rice vinegar acetic acid modified food starch] maltodextrin sesame oil salt sugar canola oil soybeans water cornstarch spice wheat natural flavoring brown sugar garlic powder caramel color vinegar and yeast extract) sesame oil sesame seeds distilled vinegar dehydrated green onion salt dehydrated red bell pepper natural flavor spice dehydrated onion).

    COLD CUT TRIO MEATS: Turkey Bologna: turkey water contains less than 2% of: corn syrup flavorings salt sodium erythorbate sodium nitrite. Turkey Ham: turkey thigh meat water salt smoke flavoring sodium phosphates sodium erythorbate sodium nitrite. May also contain: brown sugar sugar flavorings sodium lactate. Turkey Salami: turkey water salt sugar sodium erythorbate flavorings sodium nitrite. May also contain: smoke flavor).

    HAM Ham (cured with water) salt dextrose modified food starch (from corn) sodium phosphates sodium erythorbate smoke flavoring and sodium nitrite.

    MEATBALLS Beef water soy protein concentrate bread crumbs (bleached wheat flour sugar salt partially hydrogenated soybean and cottonseed oil yeast water corn syrup) flavorings egg white salt Romano cheese (made from pasteurized sheep's milk culture enzymes salt) caramel color marinara sauce (Tomato puree (water tomato paste) crushed tomatoes corn syrup soybean oil modified food starch salt dehydrated onions parsley spices onion powder). Marinara Sauce: tomato puree (water tomato paste) crushed tomatoes corn syrup soybean oil modified food starch salt dehydrated onions parsley spices onion powder.

    ROAST BEEF Beef eye round or top round water dextrose salt sodium tripolyphosphate onion powder garlic powder. Coated with caramel color.

    SEAFOOD & CRAB (a processed seafood & crab blend) Alaskan Pollock water pacific whiting snow crab meat corn starch wheat starch potato starch sugar sorbitol salt carrageenan natural and artificial flavor (contains hydrolyzed soy wheat protein and soy sauce brewed from wheat and soy) modified food starch egg whites spices calcium carbonate sodium polyphosphate citric acid artificial color; Subway light mayonnaise.

    STEAK Seasoned beef (beef water hydrolyzed corn soy wheat gluten protein sodium phosphate dextrose salt autolyzed yeast) onions peppers seasoning (salt brown sugar corn syrup solids dextrose modified corn starch tomato powder lemon powder lemon juice maltodextrin) caramel color hydrolyzed corn soy wheat gluten protein onion powder citric acid spices dehydrated onions. May contain: monosodium phosphate phosphoric acid garlic powder sodium lactate paprika natural smoke flavor guar gum modified food starch and/or hydrolyzed corn protein.

    TUNA Tuna Subway light mayonnaise water salt. May also contain: Vegetable broth (may be derived from carrot soybean) hydrolyzed soy protein.

    TURKEY BREAST Turkey breast turkey broth contains 2% or less of: carrageenan dextrose modified food starch (derived from corn) salt seasoned salt (salt sodium diacetate flavoring) sodium lactate sodium phosphate. Browned in soybean oil.

    CHEESE

    PROCESSED AMERICAN CHEESE Cultured milk and skim milk water cream sodium citrate salt sodium phosphate sorbic acid (preservative) citric acid acetic acid enzymes lecithin.

    CHEDDAR CHEESE Cultured pasteurized milk salt enzymes artificial color.

    PARMESAN CHEESE Cultured partskim milk salt enzymes powdered cellulose to prevent caking.

    PROCESSED PEPPERJACK CHEESE Cultured milk water cream jalepeno pepper pieces salt sorbic acid lactic acid sodium phosphate artificial color enzymes lecithin.

    PROVOLONE CHEESE Cultured pasteurized milk salt enzymes.

    SWISS CHEESE: Cultured pasteurized milk salt enzymes.

    VEGETABLES

    LETTUCE Fresh iceberg variety

    ONIONS Fresh yellow Spanish variety

    TOMATOES Fresh red ripe

    GREEN PEPPERS Fresh green bell

    OLIVES Ripe olives water salt ferrous gluconate.

    PICKLES Cucumbers water distilled vinegar salt calcium chloride sodium benzoate as a preservative natural flavors Polysorbate 80 and Yellow #5.

    JALAPEÑO PEPPER SLICES Jalapeno peppers water distilled vinegar salt natural flavorings calcium chloride sodium benzoate (preservative).

    BANANA PEPPERS Peppers water distilled vinegar salt calcium chloride sodium benzoate (preservative) sodium metabisulfite (preservative) yellow #5 natural flavors polysorbate 80.

    CUCUMBERS Fresh ripe

    CONDIMENTS

    LIGHT MAYONNAISE DRESSING Water soybean oil modified food starch (derived from corn) egg yolks vinegar contains less than 2% of: salt eggs mustard flour phosphoric acid alphatocopheryl acetate (Vitamin E) with potassium sorbate calcium disodium EDTA as a preservative artificial color oleoresin of paprika beta carotene phylloquinone (Vitamin K).

    OIL Canola oil extra virgin olive oil.

    YELLOW MUSTARD Distilled vinegar water mustard seed salt turmeric paprika spice natural flavor garlic powder.

    DELI BROWN MUSTARD Distilled vinegar mustard seed water salt spices turmeric natural flavor.

    RED WINE VINEGAR Red wine vinegar (5% acidity) sulfiting agent.

    SALAD DRESSINGS

    FAT FREE RANCH DRESSING Water corn syrup solids distilled vinegar maltodextrin modified food starch (may be derived from corn) cultured nonfat milk salt sour cream (cream nonfat milk cultures) natural flavors artificial color added spices propylene glycol alginate potassium sorbate sodium benzoate xanthan gum phosphoric acid. Adds a trivial amount of fat. May contain: Buttermilk sugar whey protein concentrate whey solids dried garlic dried yeast black pepper disodium EDTA to maintain freshness fumaric acid lactic acid adipic acid high fructose corn syrup garlic powder onion powder cellulose gum microcrystalline cellulose disodium guanylate disodium inosinate.

    FAT FREE ITALIAN DRESSING Water distilled vinegar sugar salt bell pepper modified food starch (may be derived from corn) dried garlic dried onion xanthan gum spices Yellow #5 May also contain: Natural flavors disodium EDTA to maintain freshness Red #40 Yellow #6 garlic juice potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate added as a preservative disodium EDTA to maintain quality natural flavors.

    FAT FREE FRENCH DRESSING Water high fructose corn syrup corn syrup distilled vinegars sugar tomato paste modified food starch (may be derived from corn) salt natural flavors dried onion potassium sorbate sodium benzoate xanthan gum dried garlic Yellow #6 Red #40 Blue #1. May contain: Nonfat yogurt (cultured nonfat milk) corn cider vinegar microcrystalline cellulose spice cellulose gum lemon juice concentrate propylene glycol alginate disodium EDTA to maintain freshness.

    SELECT SAUCES

    SOUTHWEST Soybean oil water hot sauce corn syrup egg yolks high fructose corn syrup spices salt distilled vinegar xanthan gum sorbic acid artificial color (titanium dioxide) sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (as preservatives) lactic acid dehydrated garlic autolyzed yeast extract dehydrated onion natural flavor disodium inosinate and disodium guanylate.

    DIJON HORSERADISH Soybean oil dijon mustard (water mustard seed distilled vinegar salt white wine and spices) prepared horseradish (horseradish vinegar water soybean oil salt and artificial flavoring) water egg yolks distilled vinegar high fructose corn syrup tomato paste salt worchestire sauce concentrate (distilled vinegar and water molasses corn syrup salt caramel color garlic powder sugar spices tamarind natural flavor and sulfiting agents) spices xanthan gum dehydrated garlic sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (as preservatives) phosphoric acid dehydrated cayenne pepper dehydrated onion paprika artificial flavor oleoresin paprika calcium disodium EDTA added to protect flavor.

    FAT FREE HONEY MUSTARD High fructose corn syrup water Dijon mustard prepared mustard distilled vinegar honey modified food starch cider vinegar lemon juice concentrate salt phosphoric acid artificial color (Titanium Dioxide) xanthan gum dehydrated onion sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (as preservatives) egg yolks dehydrated garlic artificial caramel color.

    FAT FREE RED WINE VINAIGRETTE Water corn syrup red wine vinegar sugar parmesan cheese (partially skimmed milk cheese culture salt enzymes anticaking agent) salt distilled vinegar modified food starch dehydrated red bell pepper xanthan gum spices dehydrated onion dehydrated garlic sodium benzoate (a preservative) natural flavor artificial color red #40 and blue #1. Contains sulfites.

    FAT FREE SWEET ONION Sugar water corn vinegar corn starch modified food starch spices salt toasted onion dehydrated onion poppy seeds onion juice sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (as preservatives) dehydrated red bell pepper caramel color cucumber juice calcium disodium EDTA added to protect flavor.

    FRUIZLE EXPRESS

    PEACH PIZAZZ Water sugar high fructose corn sweeteners pasteurized peach puree pasteurized strawberry puree natural flavors citric acid xanthan gum Fruizle Kiwi Flavor Mix (contains: malic acid citric acid ascorbic acid natural flavors and artificial flavors freezedried key lime juice concentrate maltodextrin silicon dioxide artificial colors: yellow #5 blue #1) sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate to preserve freshness propylene glycol artificial colors FD&C yellow #5 and #6 and red #40.

    BERRY LISHUS Water sugar high fructose corn sweeteners pasteurized strawberry puree citric acid xanthan gum Fruizle Strawberry Flavor Mix (contains: malic acid natural flavors citric acid ascorbic acid freezedried strawberry juice concentrate maltodextrin freezedried raspberry juice concentrate) sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate to preserve freshness natural flavor propylene glycol artificial flavor artificial color FD&C red #40. Optional ingredient: Banana slices (bananas ascorbic acid citric acid).

    SUNRISE ENERGIZER Water sugar high fructose corn sweeteners pasteurized mango puree pasteurized orange juice concentrate citric acid xanthan gum Fruizle Tangerine flavor mix (contains: malic acid ascorbic acid natural flavor citric acid freezedried lemon juice concentrate maltodextrin freezedried grapefruit juice concentrate artificial color: yellow #5) sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate to preserve freshness natural flavors propylene glycol artificial flavors artificial colors FD&C yellow #5 and #6.

    PINEAPPLE DELIGHT Water sugar high fructose corn sweeteners pasteurized pineapple puree pasteurized orange juice concentrate pasteurized pineapple juice concentrate citric acid xanthan gum Fruizle Pineapple flavor mix (contains: malic acid freezedried pineapple juice concentrate ascorbic acid citric acid natural flavor artificial color: yellow #5) sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate to preserve freshness propylene glycol natural flavors artificial flavor artificial colors FD&C yellow #5 and #6. Optional ingredient: Banana slices (bananas ascorbic acid citric acid).

    COOKIES

    CHOCOLATE CHIP Bleached enriched flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) chocolate chips (sugar chocolate liquor cocoa butter soy lecithin vanilla) sugar margarine (liquid and partially hydrogenated cottonseed and soybean oils water salt mono and diglycerides lecithin natural flavor beta carotene vitamin A palmitate) brown sugar eggs butter whey water baking soda salt natural and artificial flavor. (Due to the nature of how these cookies are displayed they may come in contact with other peanutcontaining cookies.)

    M&M® Enriched bleached flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) sugar partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (soybean cottonseed) brown sugar chocolate chips (sugar chocolate liquor cocoa butter soy lecithin vanilla) candy pieces (milk chocolate [sugar chocolate liquor milk cocoa butter lactose peanuts soy lecithin salt artificial flavors] sugar corn starch corn syrup gum acacia coloring [includes red 40 lake yellow 5 yellow 6 blue 2 lake red 40 blue 1 lake blue 1 blue 2 yellow 5 lake yellow 6 lake] dextrin) brown sugar eggs water baking soda salt whey natural and artificial flavor.

    PEANUT BUTTER Enriched bleached flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) sugar peanut butter (blanched peanuts sugar partially hydrogenated cottonseed and/or rapeseed oil salt) peanut butter chips (sugar palm kernel oil peanuts peanut flour lactose whey nonfat milk sodium caseinate buttermilk hydrogenated palm oil soy lecithin salt artificial flavors) margarine (liquid and partially hydrogenated soybean oil water salt mono and diglycerides lecithin natural flavor beta carotene vitamin A palmitate) eggs molasses butter high fructose corn syrup water baking soda salt.

    SUGAR Enriched bleached flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) sugar partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (soybean cottonseed) eggs natural butter flavor baking soda salt water whey. (Due to the nature of how these cookies are displayed they may come in contact with other peanutcontaining cookies.)

    WHITE CHOCOLATE MACADAMIA NUT COOKIE Enriched bleached flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) sugar white chips (sugar partially hydrogenated palm kernel and palm oils milk powder soy lecithin artificial flavor) margarine (liquid and partially hydrogenated soybean oil water salt mono and digylcerides lecithin natural flavor beta carotene vitamin A palmitate) macadamia nuts eggs butter molasses water natural and artificial flavor baking soda salt. (Due to the nature of how these cookies are displayed they may come in contact with other peanutcontaining cookies.)

    CHOCOLATE CHUNK Bleached enriched flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) sugar chocolate chunks (sugar chocolate liquor cocoa butter dextrose soy lecithin natural and artificial flavors) partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (soybean cottonseed) brown sugar eggs high fructose corn syrup water baking soda salt whey natural and artificial flavor. (Due to the nature of how these cookies are displayed they may come in contact with other peanutcontaining cookies.)

    OATMEAL RAISIN Enriched flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) sugar raisins partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (soybean cottonseed) rolled oats eggs brown sugar water molasses salt whey baking soda cinnamon. (Due to the nature of how these cookies are displayed they may come in contact with other peanutcontaining cookies.)

    DOUBLE CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIE Sugar enriched bleached flour (wheat flour malted barley flour niacin reduced iron thiamin mononitrate riboflavin folic acid) margarine (liquid and partially hydrogenated soybean oil water salt mono and diglycerides lecithin natural flavor beta carotene vitamin A palmitate) white chips (sugar partially hydrogenated palm kernel and palm oils milk powder soy lecithin artificial flavor) semisweet chocolate chips (sugar chocolate liquor cocoa butter soy lecithin vanilla) eggs cocoa processed with alkali butter molasses water natural and artificial flavor baking soda salt. (Due to the nature of how these cookies are displayed they may come in contact with other peanutcontaining cookies.)

    U.S.A. SANDWICH COMPONENTS:

    The following are the standard formulas for sandwiches served at Subway. The customer can alter this formula by choosing different vegetables condiments and breads.

    7 SUBS With 6 Grams of Fat or Less:
    All 7 Under 6 subs include lettuce tomatoes green peppers onion olives pickles and white or wheat bread plus the following:

    Roasted Chicken Breast: Boneless roasted chicken breast patty.
    Ham: Sliced ham.
    Roast Beef: Sliced roast beef.
    Subway Club®: Sliced turkey breast roast beef and ham.
    Turkey Breast: Sliced turkey breast.
    Turkey Breast and Ham: Sliced turkey breast and ham.
    Veggie Delite®: Standard vegetables as listed above.
    SUBWAY® CLASSICS SUBS:
    All Classic subs include cheese oil vinegar salt pepper lettuce tomatoes green peppers onions olives pickles and Italian or wheat bread plus the following:

    Cold Cut TrioTM: Turkey bologna turkey ham and turkey salami.
    Italian BMT®: Genoa salami pepperoni and ham.
    Meatball: Meatballs in marinara sauce.
    Seafood and Crab: Seafood and crab salad made with light mayonnaise
    Steak and Cheese: Steak and melted cheese
    Subway Melt®: Turkey ham melted cheese and bacon.
    Tuna: Tuna salad made with light mayonnaise.
    SUBWAY SELECT SUBS:
    All select subs include white or wheat bread plus the following:

    Sweet Onion Chicken Teriyaki: Teriyaki glazed chicken strips lettuce tomatoes onions green peppers olives and sweet onion sauce.
    Red Wine Vinaigrette Club: Turkey breast roast beef ham lettuce tomatoes onions green peppers olives and fatfree red wine vinaigrette.
    Honey Mustard Ham: Ham lettuce tomatoes onions green peppers and honey mustard sauce.
    Dijon Horseradish Melt: Turkey breast ham bacon melted cheese lettuce tomatoes green peppers onions and dijon horseradish sauce.
    Southwest Turkey Bacon: Turkey bacon lettuce tomatoes onions green peppers and southwest sauce.

    Frequently Asked Ingredient & Nutrition Questions/Answers

    Do your breads contain animal products?

    SUBWAY Italian bread contains no animal derived ingredients. The wheat bread and deli roll contain honey which may be considered an animal derived ingredient. The Parmesan Oregano and Monterey cheddar breads contain cheese.

    Do any of your breads contain milk/milkderived ingredients?

    Both the Monterey Cheddar bread and the Parmesan Oregano bread have a cheese topping.

    What is the origin of sodium stearoyl2lactylate and the mono and diglycerides found in the bread?

    These ingredients are plantderived.

    What is the origin of enzymes (rennin) used in the cheese?

    The bulk of rennet used in processing is microbial however there could be a chance of calf rennin in the cheese due to production variables. The cheese contains no porcine (pig) derived rennet.

    Is monosodium glutamate used as a flavor enhancer in any of your foods?

    SUBWAY does not add MSG to any of our foods. However other ingredients such as hydrolyzed or textured vegetable proteins and/or autolyzed yeast are used in our products. These ingredients contain free glutamates that may cause similar sensitivities that MSG causes. Foods like tomatoes tomato sauce and cheese also contain higher levels of free glutamates. Snack chips sold at stores may contain MSG make sure to read the ingredients.

    Why is the nutrition information different on different on cups and napkins or in brochures?

    We strive for continuous quality improvement and often try new products and formulations because of this our nutrition information may change before papergoods stock has been depleted. If you find a discrepancy check the copyright date of the materials and go by the latest date. The most recent nutritional information can be obtained from our website www.subway.com.

    Why is the cholesterol content of the chicken breast sub and salad higher than most of the other subs and salads?

    There are several reasons for this:

    The portion of the roasted chicken in both the salad and sub is larger then the portions of other meat/poultry based sandwiches and salads.
    All of the other sandwich meats have a greater percentage water and/or other ingredients than the roasted chicken. As a result these meats they have lower cholesterol level than their whole meat counterparts.
    SUBWAY uses lean turkey roast beef and ham which keeps fat and cholesterol levels lower.
    How long can a SUBWAY sandwich or salad be refrigerated for after it is purchased?

    SUBWAY foods are intended to be eaten at the time of purchase. We recommend eating your sub on the day of purchase.
  • by Anonymous Coward on Saturday December 28, 2002 @07:49PM (#4973590)
    ...instead of these articles Salsadot waited and ran a single "year in summary" summary article? You know, like a meta-summary? It would keep my eyes from glazing. :)
  • by zogger ( 617870 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @08:25PM (#4973728) Homepage Journal
    --I agree with the editors at popular science, the ibm product is COOL. The modular computing system-at work, it's a desktop, cruising around the core stays with you as a PDA or wearable rig, once home slide it into the laptop. This is a GREAT idea, although the price is medium sucky. I hope the concept catches on and more companies provide similar "modular computing" platforms. Reminds me-same concept-as what I got for Christmas from my girlfriend, a black and decker 12 volt cordless multitool [blackanddecker.com], quite a nifty gadget, has a common battery and electric motor, but you can replace the head for a drill/driver, a jig saw or a sander. Slickness.
  • gay sex! (Score:0, Offtopic)

    by Gay Sex Troll ( 637133 ) on Saturday December 28, 2002 @11:35PM (#4974509) Journal
    i love gay porno, my name is david disque, my email is krisnotes1@aol.com. please email me with as much gay porno as you can, i really cant get enough!
  • by Farang ( 552254 ) on Sunday December 29, 2002 @01:06AM (#4974880)
    Amazing. The news is, first of all, that a number of ethical cretins are trying to clone a human baby, and next that proposed treatments for serious diseases have failed disastrously, next that a couple of nasty diseases turn out to be more dangerous than expected, and finally that research continues in areas that can not be expected to produce anything to ease suffering for years, if not decades. Where is the good news?

    Next look at the smartass, off-topic, smutty reactions of lots of /. posters. Ye gods....!! If this is an indication of how the public reacts to questions of health and science, we are in for a rough century.

    It seems IMHO time to question seriously the basic approach the scientific community is taking toward biomedical research. What, exactly, is the cost/benefit ratio these days?

    Further, how sensible is it to buy into the article of faith that all we have to do is continue to pour billions into basic research, expecting that sooner or later we will all lead longer and better lives as a result? It could be that we are wasting tons of money. It would be an excellent idea to re-examine how we allocate scarce resources in the pursuit of knowledge. I'm not a Luddite, but I am very disappointed that our progress has been so slow. Consider, for example, when you last saw any statistics showing how much money has been spent researching cancer (both on basic research and in the development of clinical tools), and how the suvival rates for the disease have changed over the last half-century. I think you don't see these figures because they are grim, indeed.

    Maybe thirty years ago a physician told me that childhood leukemia was "almost not fatal any more." Where is it today? "Not fatal?" Are we chasing a will-o'-the-wisp, or have we really got a grip on where we want to go, and how to get there? How uncoordinated and goofy are our efforts? Should we not be further along by now??

    My argument is not against science, basic research, or knowledge. It is simply that it would be better--more efficient--if we spent our money more wisely, that is, according to rational plans that consider results and costs when deciding where to put our efforts. Are we in this to learn things, or to save human life? Can we do both? Sometimes it appears that there IS a very real difference between two camps: one pushing for more labs and money for whatever it wants to pursue, the other genuinely concerned with saving lives. Consider:

    Long ago the Nixon administration tried to shift funds to the implementation of widespread early detection programs, in the sure knowledge that certain cancers (not all) can be cured if detected when small. The scientific community howled like a stuck pig. Sure, Nixon was a jerk, but his priority was the saving of lives, now. As a result of intensive lobbying, the early detection approach was scrapped, and who knows how many lives have been lost because of that? I could not criticize this if it could be shown that pressing on with expensive basic research had saved even an equivalent number of lives, but I am sure no such result was obtained. Those who argued against Nixon's approach were willing to sacrifice hundreds of thousands, perhaps millions, of human beings in order to be able to carry on programs whose results could only be speculated about. I do not call that ethical--it seems more like selfishness, and inhumane selfishness at that.

    We ought to have another look, ask some hard questions, and consider whether the scientific establishment has taken the bit in its teeth. Poor results for 2001 are a hint that I might be right.
    • by DrEasy ( 559739 ) on Sunday December 29, 2002 @04:12AM (#4975398) Journal
      I agree with you, and I think you can push your argument even further. I think the cost/benefit aspect of money in *all of research* could be reconsidered. How has research in computer science, physics, biotechnologies, [insert your favorite hardcore scientific discipline here], improved life in general? How do their results contribute to our general happiness (and I mean happiness, not comfort)? Are we living in more peace? Have we reduced poverty? Are we more grateful for what we got? More confident in our future? Is our planet in a better shape?

      Simply put: what are the 2002 breakthroughs in "happiness science"?

      Maybe the solutions will not come from hardcore science but from other disciplines: economics, philosophy, history, *gasp* arts... I don't know which discipline, I can't probably even name nor describe them properly, as I'm just another techie nerd... I'm just speculating on what the world would be if all the priorities in research budgets were turned upside down. Think of the department of philosophy/arts/economics in your university getting all the research grants and the brilliant students, think of in what state of progress such disciplines would be if they had the same publication rate as, say, what software engineering has now.

      I am not saying that allocating more money to social sciences would necessarily equate to getting the same results. But maybe just focussing more on such issues alone would contribute to a better awareness of the problems and questions that *really* matter.

      End of utopic rant!

    • by Anonymous Coward on Sunday December 29, 2002 @01:23PM (#4977083)
      Slow? It took humantity 10,000 years of recorded civilization before somebody invented the internal combustion engine. We have made terrefic progress in the last 2 centuries and just because the progress might have slowed this one single particular year doesnt mean that we have to make drastic changes. We dont know what ext year will bring. Revolutions can be dangerous and can have wild unpredictable results. Think before you post.
  • by alpg ( 613466 ) on Saturday January 11, 2003 @12:08AM (#5060751) Homepage
    The world is your exercise-book, the pages on which you do your sums.
    It is not reality, although you can express reality there if you wish.
    You are also free to write nonsense, or lies, or to tear the pages.
    -- Messiah's Handbook : Reminders for the Advanced Soul

    - this post brought to you by the Automated Last Post Generator...

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