Engineers Devise Invisibility Shield 316
GerritHoll points out an article in Nature according to which "researchers at the University of Pennsylvania 'say that a "plasmonic cover" could render objects "nearly invisible to an observer.' Earlier attempts at invisibility worked by colouring a screen to match its background, like a chameleon. The described technique is new, because it works by the concept of reducing light scattering. It is not a 'magic cloak,' however, because it will not work for the full range of visible light and needs to be adjusted precisely for the shape of the object. However, the concept could find an application in stealth technology."
Invisibility cloaking (Score:5, Interesting)
Like this [ananova.com]?
Well, that actually requires a special viewfinder, so it's not quite as cool, but it sure *looks* awesome. Better than the "spot the spaceship" pic, anyway.
How long til I can buy this stuff at Walmart?
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:3, Informative)
ergo, it doesn't do a damn thing this is just photoshop of an "artist conception".
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:5, Interesting)
It says, Similarly, researchers in Tokyo are developing a camouflage fabric that uses a comparable principle where the background is projected on to light-reflecting beads in the material. Such systems are, however, dependent on the viewer from which the object is being concealed being in the right position.
I see no mention of Photoshop, but it does say it could be used by surgeons and pilots. Sounds pretty cool to me.
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:3, Funny)
"Do you know how to build an empty box?"
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Invisibility cloaking (Score:3, Insightful)
An object might be made invisible in red light, say, but not in multiwavelength daylight.
So this should mean that a cloak made for red light invisibility should change an object's color in multi wavelength daylight as it absorbs red and leaves the rest?
Just waiting for the technology to advance (Score:3, Funny)
Basically it's quite simpple - all you have to do is route every incoming photon around the object without changing it's course.
Fabric made of nano-fibres?
front projection (Score:5, Interesting)
How not to be seen (a la Monty Python) (Score:3, Funny)
Re:front projection (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:front projection (Score:5, Insightful)
Cloak of invisibility? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Cloak of invisibility? (Score:2)
Whatever. Engineers will be casting See Invisibility soon enough
Re:Cloak of invisibility? (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Cloak of invisibility? (Score:5, Funny)
First, it has to be a power of 2 in order to be a size-based AC modifier.
Taking the medium size class to max out at 2 meters, microscopic would be about 16 size classes below medium (since each size class has a maximum of one half the height of the one above it; I'm taking ~30 micrometers max to be "microscopic". It is, of course, a DM's call as to what, exactly, would constitute microscopic - adjust accordingly.)
This would give an AC bonus (and bonus to hit) of +32,768. Good luck finding a smith to craft armor or weapons for that size class, though.
For contrast, the parent's "+100" size bonus would roughly correlate to the +128 bonus that's actually possible, and would exist for a creature no bigger than 7.8125mm - hardly subatomic. In fact, this would be the appropriate size class for many normal insects.
Second, Invisibility grants a 50% miss chance due to total concealment, not an increase to AC.
Of course, 2.5% of the time you'll still hit it anyway (what with the whole "a 20 always hits" rule + total concealment). So, if at first you don't succeed, try, try again. I'm sure your DM would allow you to take 20 on hitting something that poses so little threat to you (assuming you weren't otherwise potentially in peril).
</pedantic>
Oh, and smile. You know it's funny.
Re:Cloak of invisibility? (Score:5, Funny)
I'd tell you, but I can't find the fucking thing.
Everybody knows (Score:3, Funny)
(Seriously, am I the only one who looked at this, saw the word 'plasmonic', and thought "Fucking Slashdot editors, its *March 1st*, not *April 1st*"?)
Re:Everybody knows (Score:3, Funny)
Having a spaceship that looks like a small upended Italian bistro is a good start...
Re:Everybody knows (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Everybody knows (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Everybody knows (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Everybody knows (Score:3, Funny)
Best! April! Fools! Joke! Ever!
Re:Everybody knows (Score:4, Informative)
BTW plasmons are not my area of expertise but I am pretty sure that the above is correct in principle.
Re:Everybody knows (Score:5, Informative)
Most scientifically literate people probably haven't heard of plasmons because they only form when the surface of a metal is milled with a regular array of nanostructures. In this case you have an array of holes on the scale of tens to hundreds of nanometers in diameter. When there's some such repeating nanoscale structure it changes the electron energetics so that the energy to frequency ratio is similar to that of the electromagnetic spectrum, at which point light can couple with the surface electrons and form these longitudinal surface waves (I'm not a physicist yet, so some of this may be a bit shakey).
As the parent said it's these waves that can then travel through the holes milled in the surface out onto the other side, where for some reason or another, they'll reemit the energy stored in them as light. It's pretty cool because they've done tests and the light doesn't just come out of the holes. It's as if the light passes straight through the metal film. Furthermore, they know the light's not simply passing through the film, because they've also measured it and found a very slight delay due to the formation, propagation, and reemission of the plasmons.
The story I heard about the discovery of this phenomenon is kind of amusing. Apparently an English speaking chemist wanted an array of micro wells for some polymer reaction, asked a Chinese chemist if he could do make one. The Chinese chemist thought he was crazy and said it would take six months. Due to the language barrier, the "you're crazy" bit didn't make it through, and six months later the English speaker picked it up looked through it, and said, hey, there's nothing here.
One use they're currently looking into is very specific optical filters which can be built for any wavelength. The grad student I worked with mentioned way down the line the possibility for essentially infinite resolution displays, although how that'd work isn't quite clear.
Re:Everybody knows (Score:3, Insightful)
Wrong Reference (Score:4, Funny)
Come on, guys! I can't be the first to notice... Okay, I'll spell it out for you -- the correct first reaction to this story is:
(Have none of you kids ever heard of The Philadelphia Experiment [imdb.com]?)
obligatory (Score:5, Funny)
Re:obligatory (Score:5, Funny)
Re:obligatory (Score:3, Funny)
Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:5, Informative)
This technology would only work for microscopic objects (as they must be the same size as the wavelength of light hitting it), and only a single wavelength. So in other words, for you to get a nice, new cloak of invisibility you'll need to be microscopic in size and constantly in environments with only one wavelength of visible light hitting you. =)
Well, back to the drawing board.
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:5, Insightful)
Now, if it could be set up so that the radar would pass through once, and bounce around between the skin and the coating before finding the right angle to escape, it would probably make the radar bounce off the plane at all kinds of weird angles (making the radar useless).
The problem I'm wondering about is: What happens if the radar can't find a way out? Will it keep bouncing around, loosing energy all the while, heating up both the skin and the coating (this may become an issue)? Or would the time and energy it spent bouncing around untill it escaped be so trivial so as to not matter?
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:4, Interesting)
Exactly. Hopefully someone will mod you up...
These are the two conventional approaches to stealth: either deflect incoming waves anywhere but back towards the detector, or absorb as much as possible, in which case the coating inevitably heats up. I don't think this is much of an issue though: probably much more heat is generated simply by flying at high speeds.
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:5, Informative)
That would mean the average power (average power would dictate heating effects) is 6500W (4MW * 0.1625%), which is roughly equivalent to 4 decent microwave ovens.
Now take that amount of power and point it at an aircraft 200km away (well within the range of 481km). Without doing the calculation to find out the exact value of the intensity at 200km, I will just say that the intensity of the radar beam at 200km will be 0.000025 times smaller than at 1km. And at 1km it would be 0.000001 times smaller than at 1m, which is comparable to the range of a household microwave. So you want to stack 4 or 5 microwave ovens together, collate their radiators so that all of the energy is radiating in one general beam, and try to heat up an aircraft far away...
In short, radars do not cause significant heating on aircraft, even if the aircraft absorbs every photon that hits it. Radars do not run at 100% duty cycle, or even at 5% duty cycle. When you're generating 4 MW at those frequencies you make a lot of heat in the resonator/amplifier (klystron, twystron, etc.), so you can't just keep it on all the time or it would melt.
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:4, Informative)
I found a free space loss calculator and put in 3 GHz and 100km and it came up with about -142dB, so let's play with that. You've got an +80db gain antenna and -142dB loss due to distance, which totals up to a system loss of -62dB, or -20.67 times loss.
Assuming the aircraft at 100km absorbs the whole beamwidth's worth of energy, that amounts to (6500W / 20.67)=315W. So the total heating of an aircraft illuminated by this particular radar, assuming total absorption of the beam by the aircraft, an unreasonably high 80dB gain of the dish antenna, and the airplane being the target of the beam for an extended period of time would be like putting 3 100W lightbulbs near it.
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:3, Informative)
Which was exactly why it took a computer to be able to design stealth aircraft. The F-117 is an ugly faceting monstrosity, but it is faceted because at the time that it was designed, the computers were not powerful enough to do continuou
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:4, Insightful)
Comment removed (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:3, Funny)
its amazing what scientists can do.
I feel so cheated! (Score:5, Funny)
Quick! Get me Rick Moranis! (Score:3, Funny)
Not a problem. If you'll just step right over here to this shrinkometer....
Re:Quick! Get me Rick Moranis! (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Indeed, it's pretty far from advertised... (Score:3, Interesting)
Which, since it only works on things too small to see, is not actually that big a deal I suppose...
P.S. you've inspired me to a new trend; I'm going to mark anyone who actually reads the art
When it's reliable enough... (Score:4, Funny)
Re:When it's reliable enough... (Score:2)
Re:When it's reliable enough... (Score:3, Funny)
invisible?? (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:invisible?? (Score:2)
I already have one of these (Score:5, Funny)
Re:I already have one of these (Score:5, Funny)
Re:I already have one of these (Score:5, Funny)
Obvious Applications (Score:4, Interesting)
But what about non-military uses? Perhaps a "coat" of plasma on windows to reduce cooling bills in the summer? Or another coat of plasma on TV's to reduce glare? I can't think of anything particularly inspiring.
Just what I was waiting for (Score:2, Funny)
Restrictions far too great (Score:3, Insightful)
And it only works on one frequency. Meaning, unless you are nanometers in size, and you are in a room with only red light, you won't be hidden.
This isn't that great. I wouldn't read too much into it.
Re:Restrictions far too great (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Restrictions far too great (Score:2)
Re:Restrictions far too great (Score:2)
It already is possible to create a 'stealth' type of shield by manipulating thin films (width exactly equal to 1/2 the wavelength of a particular light) to create destructive interference so nothing is reflected. Use multiple coats of differing thickness, and you can wipe out quite a bit of the spectrum. The theory behind this is well known and nothing more than undergrad physic
But wait... (Score:2)
Sounds like someone's been tokin' the hookah (Score:5, Funny)
From the article: "And crucially, the effect only works when the wavelength of the light being scattered is roughly the same size as the object. So shielding from visible light would be possible only for microscopic objects."
OK. So if I have this straight... "You see that thing you can't see because it's too small? Well we just made it invisible! Please send more grant funding. And a few burritos. We're like, totally hungry dude."
Uh huh....
Re:Sounds like someone's been tokin' the hookah (Score:2)
out it could be very useful to me, since I would be
very interested to use nanoscale probes near an
object yet still see it in optical microscope with
little to no distortion.
This may also lead to cheap ways to probe the amount
of light in fiber so you could instantly tell if a
fiber cable is aging or if it was cut then where
exactly. In short, this could be very useful, just
not for hiding those spaceships.
Re:Sounds like someone's been tokin' the hookah (Score:5, Informative)
"Could a small-sized object be hidden from radar by this "invisibility" shield?"
Millimeters to centimeters typical for radar. If you're looking to hide a large object, as in plane/ship length, you need to get into HF radio wavelengths (10-160m).
So you could hide it from... ham radio operators. On a single section of one band. Yeah, the Romulans ain't sweatin' this one. :-)
An application? (Score:2)
What kind of application would involve a fized object of known shape? How about a camera and it's controls/batteries/wireless? Use it as fake merchandise on a top shelf at a convenience store. Or books on a top shelf of an office. For that matter, a "invisibili
Re: (Score:2, Funny)
Invisible HUMAN (Score:3, Funny)
Also... (Score:5, Funny)
captain obvious (Score:3, Funny)
Really? Invisibility could be used for tasks requiring stealth? No way, that's crazy talk.
What about other wavelengths? (Score:2, Insightful)
"precise wavelength of most radar waves" (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:"precise wavelength of most radar waves" (Score:2, Insightful)
Comment removed (Score:5, Informative)
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
been investigated a bit before (Score:5, Informative)
Russian electrodynamicists are also infamously known for proposing "plasma stealth" devices, which have yet to be demonstrated veritably well. Every few months something pops up about how they've solved high power requirements, reduced weight of the devices, eliminated interferce with the aircraft's EM devices (radar and comm/nav, which critical to everything) and problem Y. And then, you see nothing of it in any journal or trade publication. Just claims, and it seems, nothing more.
Notably, plasma radar stealth has an opposite effect of the optical stealth. The aircraft would glow like a lightbulb, and leave a trail of glowing plasma in its wake. Also notably, aircraft at high hypersonic speeds induce a local plasma air environment, due to the tremendous energy of the aerodynamics.
One SMALL key point... (Score:2)
I already have one of these. (Score:5, Funny)
I wish I could turn it off.
Research abstract (Score:5, Informative)
http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0502336 [arxiv.org]
Achieving transparency with plasmonic coatings
Andrea Alu, Nader Engheta [upenn.edu]
The possibility of using plasmonic covers to drastically reduce the total scattering cross section of spherical and cylindrical objects is discussed. While it is intuitively expected that increasing the physical size of an object may lead to an increase in its overall scattering cross section, here we see how a proper design of these lossless metamaterial covers near their plasma resonance may induce a dramatic drop in the scattering cross section, making the object nearly invisible to an observer, a phenomenon with obvious applications for low observability and non invasive probe design. Physical insights into this phenomenon and some numerical results are provided.
Alternivly (Score:2)
Rus
The shadow effect (Score:5, Interesting)
The proposed system with plasmonic covering reduces the scattering of light. The lightwaves pass by the object as were the object very small, smaller than it actually is. Hence it only works with objects that are allready very small, because otherwise the object would cast a shadow. (Light passes by, not through)
The system with light detectors and emitters mimics the scene that is behind (bigger) objects with respect to the viewer. You could actualy say that it fills in the shadow cast by the object.
So were the first system reduces the shadow effect, the second replaces the shadow alltogether. I could actualy see these two systems used along side eachother rather than instead of eachother.
500 Nanometer Romulan Warbirds, perhaps... (Score:4, Informative)
Visible light is around 400nm (violet) to 800nm (red). So, this is only effective for sufficiently tiny battleships.
Re:500 Nanometer Romulan Warbirds, perhaps... (Score:3, Funny)
Well, that's not a problem.
I have in my InfoCom game packaging an original sealed sachet which contains a "Microscopic Space Fleet".
I just wish I knew where the Peril Sensitive sunglasses went...
Skeptical (Score:5, Funny)
Nothing to see here... (Score:3, Funny)
Fricking perfect (Score:5, Funny)
the effect only works when the wavelength of the light being scattered is roughly the same size as the object
This would make it the perfect for those awkward moments when your nanobots are being attacked by lasers (mounted on sharks?)
Monty Python (Score:5, Funny)
I don't think these engineers devised any sort of "invisibility shield"
Chameleons (Score:5, Informative)
Grrr...
Chameleons don't change their colors for this reason. It's a myth. Stop spreading it.
http://www.wsu.edu/DrUniverse/chamel.html [wsu.edu]
Engineers and Invisibility (Score:3, Funny)
Fighting back against misuse of words (Score:4, Interesting)
Which must be working because right now I so not see many single microscopic items anyway...
It can't be used to conceal guns from Xrays, which use 0.1nm-20nm wavelegths.
Hiding missiles from radio based radar? Possible?
So shielding from visible light would be possible only for microscopic objects; larger ones could be hidden only to long-wavelength radiation such as microwaves. This means that the technology could not be used to hide people or vehicles from human vision.
Also the 'inventiveness' of the invisibility cloak [ananova.com] is much less than its engineering feat.
We all have our own ideas about projecting the view behind your onto the front... from all angles... technically how to do it flexible, and stop illumination / shadow is very hard.
Not impossible, with some very clever technology that can 'feel' its own shape, and sense light conditions, can absorb almost all light (be dark even in bright light, if a shadow is behind you), and shine as bright as the sun on a rock (if you are in the shade, but a bright rock is behind you, and you cannot use the sun on the material to compensate)
This would require some l33t processing skills to handle the data.
Radio Silence (Score:3, Interesting)
Now we know how advanced alien civilizations have remained "off the radar", despite our sweeping radar telescope surveys of their space abodes. They're not that much more advanced than us. But they've concentrated on the important bits: privacy technology. We'll neve catch up at this pace.
This just in.... (Score:4, Insightful)
Which are frikkin' microscopic and therefore don't need to be hidden?
Or is it just me that can't see microscopic objects?
Re:Bending of light (Score:2, Funny)
Obstracle = obstruction + obstacle?
Re:Actually... (Score:2)
-Dave Chappel, President of the United States
Re:Ghost in the shell.... (Score:2)
Re:Mirror Mirror on the Wall. (Score:2)
Dazzle Camouflage (Score:3, Informative)
Since this technology will only cover "long-wavelength radiation such as microwaves". Perhaps you should consider using the same method as many of the battleships of WWI. They called it "Dazzle [gotouring.com]", the idea was to visually break up the shapes of the ship [google.com] so that they would be harder to see. A Ghillie Suit suit also works the same way. [google.com]
Re:Dazzle Camouflage (Score:3, Informative)