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China Technology

Casting a Harsh Light On Chinese Solar Panels 149

New submitter Eugriped3z writes with an article in the New York Times that "indicates that manufacturing defect rates for solar panels manufactured in China vary widely, anywhere from 5-22%. Secrecy in the terms of settlements negotiated by attorneys representing multi-million dollar installations perpetuate the problem by masking the identity of unscrupulous or incompetent actors. Meanwhile, Reuters reports that unit labor costs in Mexico are now lower than in China."
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Casting a Harsh Light On Chinese Solar Panels

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  • Yeah, not just that (Score:5, Interesting)

    by 50000BTU_barbecue ( 588132 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:30AM (#43859825) Journal
    I have a harsh light for their ability to read a PO. We ordered a thousand amorphous panels for a toy and we asked for 4mA in full sunlight except they shipped .4mA panels. They added a decimal to our spec and that was it. And it cost just enough so it's not worth pursuing further, just start over.
    • by h4rr4r ( 612664 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:38AM (#43859897)

      So you paid before you got a sample? or the first delivery?

      That seems fraught with peril.

      • by sjbe ( 173966 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:46AM (#43859991)

        So you paid before you got a sample? or the first delivery?

        Not unusual to have to pay in advance for a product made in China unless you are a big player. I wouldn't ship to a company in another country without cash up front no matter what the quantity was.

        That seems fraught with peril.

        That would be correct. Doing business in China is a genuinely risky proposition. I used to do work in global sourcing and have spent a lot of time trying to buy parts in Mexico, India and China. You do so at your own risk.

        • by h4rr4r ( 612664 )

          I would have assumed some third party would have held the money in escrow until delivery and confirmation of the parts meeting spec.

          Is there no method to do that?

          • by 50000BTU_barbecue ( 588132 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:53AM (#43860071) Journal
            For the under 1000$ order we made? Get serious. The Chinese company wouldn't even return our emails unless we committed to a thousand panels. This wasn't my idea, I wanted the whole toy designed in China but that would have been worse I guess.

            People don't even do escrow when they buy a house. But they should. But I guess the real estate lobby wouldn't like that at all.

            • by h4rr4r ( 612664 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:58AM (#43860129)

              Yeah, people put $500 in escrow when looking at houses all the time. How much earnest money is put into escrow depends highly on location and value of property. It should ideally also reflect how much a buyer wants the property.

              When I bought my house I put a lot of money in escrow. When is that not the normal method?

              • I think GP was talking about depositing the whole price into escrow, until the house was turned over in good order and no major defects have been found or suchlike.

                No idea why, though - usually you get possession the day you close, and you're allowed to make all the third-party home inspections that you can afford (and the seller will then have to either fix what's found, or you can back out of the deal and keep your earnest money if you or your agent is even halfway competent when it comes to making the ea

                • It's probably because there's a lawyer handling the closing of the deal. The lawyer has certain legal obligations and can be sued if they don't handle the closing correctly. The two parties meet at the lawyer's office, the seller hands over the keys and deed to the house, the buyer hands over the cashier's check, and that's that. The lawyer later gives the seller their portion of the proceeds, the real estate agent their portion, pays the applicable government taxes, etc.

            • by TWX ( 665546 )

              People don't even do escrow when they buy a house. But they should. But I guess the real estate lobby wouldn't like that at all.

              Huh?

              Last house I bought, we put down earnest money under the conditions that we would not back out of the deal unless we found something seriously wrong with the property during the sale process, and this being a short-sale committed us to the seller's bank's timeline of 120 days. Had we found something wrong during inspection then the deal could have been called off and we c

            • "People don't even do escrow when they buy a house. But they should. But I guess the real estate lobby wouldn't like that at all."

              You are entirely incorrect: Every house purchased using a bank loan (i.e 95+%) is transacted through an escrow company with title insurance, and the entities involved in the escrow process are, in fact, the real estate industry.

          • by sjbe ( 173966 )

            I would have assumed some third party would have held the money in escrow until delivery and confirmation of the parts meeting spec. Is there no method to do that?

            Of course it can be done but it is expensive and not as easy as you might think. For that to work you have to have a very detailed specification and the ability to inspect the product to ensure it meets the specification. Sometimes the only real way to do that is to actually see it being made. If you are doing serious amounts of business in China you pretty much have to have your own people there to manage things and ensure stuff is done properly.

          • I don't know where you live, but escrow is typical in PA and NJ.

        • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

          by Mox Factor ( 2911587 )
          Doing business in China is fine if you know what you're doing. Doing business with China without being in China and you're likely to be screwed. Ordering small things online from a big company always carries a risk. You're too small fry for them to care, and you're not there to oversee the manufacturing/shipping, which is to these companies, your own fault. This is why so many smarter foreigners still prefer to pay more to go through a Hong Kong company. QC is immensely better when the 3rd party compan
          • That may be true, but even more established companies with long term partners in China have suffered a marked decline in quality. And it's certainly not unique to American companies, as I've heard similar problems experienced by the Taiwanese. I'm not sure if the problem is due to arrogance or if the Chinese economy stumbling a lot more they're letting on.

            • I'm not sure if the problem is due to arrogance or if the Chinese economy stumbling a lot more they're letting on.

              As long as people are willing to do business with China, why wouldn't the Chinese try to increase their profits by cutting corners? It's just capitalism working as intended.

      • by syntheticmemory ( 1232092 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:50AM (#43860047)
        Then there is the issue of Quality Fade. The first shipment is good, after that, it just gets crappy.
        • by h4rr4r ( 612664 )

          Sure, but again some sort of escrow system could deal with that. Money only gets released as parts pass QA.

    • by swalve ( 1980968 )
      I know a lot of companies that pull that same shit. "Making the vendor fix the problem will cost too much, just throw it away!" It makes me crazy. At some point, damn the cost and make them do what they said they would do. It's not an economic issue, it's a quality control issue. Vendors will try to get away with whatever they can. What happens next time when they slip something through that you don't notice? Your customers get fucked.
      • Businesses are in business to make money. There's not a lot of money to be made in standing by principal, so the best you can do is never use that vendor again. If enough customers do that, the bad vendor will suffer and fail. Of course, the exception is if your vendor is the only one that can deliver what you need, then it (usually) makes sense to fight with them. This really doesn't seem like one of those times as there are plenty of other solar panel vendors.

  • Mexico! (Score:5, Insightful)

    by amiga3D ( 567632 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:31AM (#43859833)

    There ya go. At least it's made in North America then. We need to help the Mexicans out anyway what with the Cartels wearing them out and all. Let's buy some from our neighbors.

    • Re:Mexico! (Score:4, Insightful)

      by h4rr4r ( 612664 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:40AM (#43859933)

      If we want to help with the Cartels we need to end the war on some drugs. That is what funds the majority of these folks operations.

    • Re:Mexico! (Score:4, Funny)

      by unixisc ( 2429386 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:59AM (#43860147)
      It solves another issue as well. We have limitless illegal immigration from Mexico. Once they start making things there, Americans can retaliate by illegally immigrating to Mexico, and working in their solar panel plants. Also, so far, bilingual education in schools hasn't done much good, but if more Spanish speaking Americans move to Mexico to take these jobs, it would have done some good. As far as the cartels go, they can then move to China - the market there is 4 times that of the US.
      • We have limitless illegal immigration from Mexico.

        Actually, no, we don't. Immigration (legal and illegal) from Mexico has fallen very sharply in the past five to seven years. It is thought that net immigration from Mexico to the US may already be in negative figures.

        • Maybe we should thank the bankers for trashing our economy.
      • Americans can retaliate by illegally immigrating to Mexico

        Sneaking into Mexico isn't like sneaking into the USA. On their southern border their army shoots illegal immigrants coming from Guatemala on sight.

    • The story of the Mexican TDIs should be enough to put you off that solution.

    • At least it's made in North America then.

      I had a good GE dishwasher, so when it died after 20 years I got another one. It was from Mexico and was out of here after 3 years, after several major parts failed.

      I used to buy Carhartt jeans. The ones I have from the early 2000's are faded but usable. The ones I bought from the late 2000's are all gone - they moved operations and cotton to Mexico and none of those jeans lasted more than a year before the fabric fell apart.

      It may be coincidental in that the com

      • by TheLink ( 130905 )
        I have a bunch of socks from the 1990s that are still usable though a bit threadbare. And I have socks that are 1 or 2 years old that have lost their elasticity. They are all the same brand, probably made in different places but I don't think it really matters where it's made. All the companies probably figured they'd make more money if they gradually stopped making socks (and other stuff) that lasted 20 years... I guess I'm one of those weird people who doesn't lose their socks on a regular basis.

        The other
      • It may be coincidental in that the companies looking to cut way back on quality are the ones moving to Mexico, so maybe it's not Mexico's fault, but the metric for a product consumer is the same - avoid stuff made in Mexico.

        I'll take the Mexican stuff over the Chinese. I think you're right about why the quality is so bad. I've known a few companies that were able to get very good quality from their Mexican operations. It takes some effort, but it can be done. I think it's easier than in China though. I've also heard about a place called Estados Unidos de América, but I think it's next to Atlantis.

      • Just realize that the GE dishwasher you paid $300 for in 1992 would cost $900 today adjusted for inflation today but you are paying $450. Most consumers will buy the $450 because it's cheap because they don't realize it actually will cost them more money in the long run.

        We went through this with a microwave.

        You have two options.

        An ugly commercial model for a moderate price ($350 to $500) or a consumer model with a 25 year warranty (like "miele" brand) which will cost you $1000.

        It's ironic, but it seems wor

    • We need to help the Mexicans out anyway

      No, we don't. Business-wise, Mexicans are a complete PITA to deal with. I've dealt with people from Europe, China, Canada, and Mexico (and of course the US), and the Mexicans are completely goofy. Everything with them is a giant hassle; a simple transaction that should take 4-5 emails ends up taking 100 emails back and forth. I even had some Mexicans (at a fairly large manufacturing company, not individuals) buy from me by Paypal, then within minutes file a non-re

  • Race to the bottom (Score:5, Interesting)

    by necro81 ( 917438 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:36AM (#43859883) Journal
    Well, that's the problem with a race to the bottom: sooner or later you do, in fact, hit bottom. This reminds me of how things played out in the desktop PC market a decade ago: really cheap components caused a lot of problems for a lot of name-brand manufacturers. Bad electrolytic caps on the motherboard were particularly pernicious.

    The good news is that, eventually, this will probably get sorted out. Producers and installers with brands and reputations (not to mention business contracts) to defend will eventually get fed up with dealing with shitty suppliers, who will either clean up their act, go out of business, or retreat to the purgatory of "known to be poor quality", where there's still plenty of business to be had (see again the desktop PC market), but not much money to be made.
    • by JDG1980 ( 2438906 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:54AM (#43860083)

      The good news is that, eventually, this will probably get sorted out. Producers and installers with brands and reputations (not to mention business contracts) to defend will eventually get fed up with dealing with shitty suppliers, who will either clean up their act, go out of business, or retreat to the purgatory of "known to be poor quality", where there's still plenty of business to be had (see again the desktop PC market), but not much money to be made.

      To a large extent, that's already happened. After being heavily criticized for poor working conditions and high suicide rates, Foxconn increased worker salaries by about 25% and reduced overtime work [nytimes.com] in early 2012. Working conditions are still crappy by Western standards, of course – but they're not so bad by Chinese standards, and seem to be improving. This added pay means that Foxconn isn't going to be competing much for the bottom-end, low-margin business. Instead they are going to focus on high-value-add products like Apple devices. (In fact, Apple is considering making a new, cheaper iPhone with a different supplier – which seems to indicate that Foxconn might be raising the bar a bit on contract prices.) There will still be plenty of factories in China that crank out crap for people who care about nothing but the lowest price, but the Chinese leadership doesn't want their country to be known for producing only junk. They want to move up the value chain.

      • by RabidReindeer ( 2625839 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @10:41AM (#43860613)

        The good news is that, eventually, this will probably get sorted out. Producers and installers with brands and reputations (not to mention business contracts) to defend will eventually get fed up with dealing with shitty suppliers, who will either clean up their act, go out of business, or retreat to the purgatory of "known to be poor quality", where there's still plenty of business to be had (see again the desktop PC market), but not much money to be made.

        Yah. That's the downside of "The Market Will Work It Out". You have to wait until the market works it out. Which means waiting for enough people with enough influence to go elsewhere. Which can be a very, very long time in some cases. Sometimes never.

        • You have to wait until the market works it out.

          But it always does in the long run. Of course in the long run we're all dead.

          • You have to wait until the market works it out.

            But it always does in the long run. Of course in the long run we're all dead.

            Actually, there's no law that says it ever has to work out. All you have to do is stay below the threshold of pain. If the only people who won't put up with it don't have the leverage to force a change, the situation will endure until some external factor comes into play.

            If I produce a "theft-resistant" package that lacerates and maims the hands of my customers but my customers don't carry enough influence to make me change, I could very well go on crippling people until either a more profitable safer form

      • by TheSync ( 5291 )

        Working conditions are still crappy by Western standards, of course â" but they're not so bad by Chinese standards

        Keeping in mind that standard Chinese working conditions before 1990 was wading in a rice paddy all day in the summer heat and winter cold...

      • by TheLink ( 130905 )

        Foxconn's long term plan is to replace many of the Chinese workers with robots:
        http://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2013/02/22/as-china-changes-infamous-foxconn-goes-robotic/ [forbes.com]

        Optimists will say they'll find jobs elsewhere. But when the Chinese workers took the US workers jobs, very many US workers did not get jobs elsewhere.

        Note that this guy managed to be "best developer" even when outsourcing his work to China for one fifth his salary:
        http://www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/how-a-model-employee-got-away [theglobeandmail.com]

        • Foxconn's long term plan is to replace many of the Chinese workers with robots:

          Kind of like the American plan was in the 80's? I'm old enough to remember the emphasis on design for automated assembly. Then cheap labor stepped in, the MNC's got a short term gain, and all the expertise went overseas. So when they automate they'll be where we could've been 20 years ago.

        • Robots are cheap enough to replace the jobs of people making $2000 a year in china and they are widely considered for any job making $8000.

          You'd starve or die of exposure in america on those wages of course.

      • Of course Foxxcon plans to replace 1,000,000 of their workers with machines.

        I hear it's not going as well as they wanted but it is not going to badly.

        Robots are going to change the basic rules of our economy. A human being can't survive on what a robot costs unless prices on food and living spaces come down.

        And with ever increasing population, that doesn't seem so likely.

        Somethings got to give in the next 20 years or so.

        (and the new apple plant in the US will be almost totally automated too).

    • addendum (Score:5, Insightful)

      by necro81 ( 917438 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:56AM (#43860105) Journal
      I should note an addendum to my comment about "this will probably get sorted out." There will be stratification in the market. By that I mean that you'll be able to sort out good producers from bad based on quality (and reputation - deserved or not), with price point being a proxy measure of that. People seeking reliability, and who are willing to pay for it, will know where they can go. Those who don't care if they get early failures, can shoulder the risk of early failures, or just can't afford better will likewise know where they can go. There will also be some paradoxical cases of companies that command a price point not at all justified by their quality.

      It is, again, like the consumer electronics market as a whole. If you are looking for, say, a PC power supply, you can get quality products backed by good warranties and a long track record, but you'll pay a price premium for it. You can also go bargain basement, know that you are getting a lower quality product that has a higher chance or early failure, but be OK with that. But power supplies are a relatively mature market in terms of size, growth rate, component supply chain, and R&D roadmap. Photovoltaics are still very much in flux, and it'll probably take another few years - even a decade or two - before things settle out.

      Another parallel with the PC industry: things were simpler when it was small and niche. Think back to the 1970s and 1980s - PCs were not yet a commodity, lots of manufacturing was still taking place in industrialized countries to high standards, there were lots of small- and medium-sized companies that devoted a lot to the design, build, and manufacturing quality, because a bunch of warranty claims would either bankrupt them or kill their brand (which would have the same effect). Computers were purchased and used by fairly knowledgeable people. Then there came an explosion in the late 1980s and 1990s, when there was a feedback loop of commoditization: more widespread use and standardization lead companies to compete on price, which drove down costs, which allowed for more widespread use, etc. Along the way, prices went way down, but quality also suffered along the way.

      I will noet that, during that same time period, value went up tremendously. Even if the reject rate of components and finished goods went up, you still got a lot more product for the same amount of money. This is also true in solar: you can get a lot more for the same amount of money these days, even taking into account the higher reject rate. This will continue into the foreseeable future.
      • I should note an addendum to my comment about "this will probably get sorted out." There will be stratification in the market. By that I mean that you'll be able to sort out good producers from bad based on quality (and reputation - deserved or not), with price point being a proxy measure of that. People seeking reliability, and who are willing to pay for it, will know where they can go. Those who don't care if they get early failures, can shoulder the risk of early failures, or just can't afford better will likewise know where they can go.

        You wouldn't want this state of affairs for your food supply, so why would you accept it for manufactured goods?

        • by necro81 ( 917438 )

          You wouldn't want this state of affairs for your food supply, so why would you accept it for manufactured goods

          What makes you think we don't have that kind of stratification of price/quality in our food supply?

    • by TWX ( 665546 )
      Heh. Remember "PCCHIPS" and "Amptron"? Not only were they using cheapass discrete components, but they assembled badly and designed badly. And on top of that, I worked for an idiot at the time that bought total junk parts cheap to build PCs, I think that he was buying stuff that had been RMA returned. He was tearing his hair out on warranty repair costs (ie labor), but he was angry every time he stepped up to Gigabyte or Abit...
    • From an article about Mexican health care. Residents of USA, particularly those living near the Mexican border, now routinely cross the border into Mexico for medical care.[10] Popular specialties include dentistry and plastic surgery. Mexican dentists often charge 20 to 25 percent of US prices,[11] while other procedures typically cost a third what they would cost in the US.[10] The www.internationalliving.com site states that on average, an office visit with a doctor—specialists included—wil
      • by JBMcB ( 73720 )

        You do understand that the average wage in Mexico is around $5,000 a year, right? So to follow your argument, to make health care more affordable in the US we should keep the average wage suppressed. Makes sense to me.

      • by swb ( 14022 )

        My dad has had a bunch of dental work done in Mexico. He had crowns done for $500 where my dentist wanted $2000.

        Now admittedly it wasn't the same product -- my crown was a CERAC done same day, his was a lab-made porcelain done over more than one day.

        So far he's been happy, but he's also the kind of guy that would be happy buying a used car that runs poorly simply because he got a cheap price on it.

        I asked my dentist about dental work done in Mexico and he wasn't very complimentary, which I kind of expected

  • by sjbe ( 173966 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:37AM (#43859891)

    From TFA

    And when defects are discovered, confidentiality agreements often keep the manufacturer’s identity secret, making accountability in the industry all the more difficult.

    Kind of irrelevant. When you buy something, the person who sold it to you is the responsible party. If they want to keep their supplier a secret (more on that later) that's up to them but the seller is the responsible party. If they don't know who they are buying from, then they are fools and deserve whatever problems they get.

    The curious bit is that I don't really see how the players in the supply chain could be kept a secret from an interested large purchaser. I run a small manufacturing company. One of the parts we make goes into a General Motors vehicle and we are a Tier 4 supplier meaning we sell to a company who sells to another company who sells to another company who sells to GM. If GM wanted to find out who made that part, I absolutely guarantee you that they could find out even if we had a confidentiality agreement in place with our customer. If the solar panel industry is unable or unwilling to do this then it means they have insufficient control of their supply chain which is a BIG problem. It means they don't really know what they are buying or how it is made.

    • What if you care about the conditions under which the product was made (because you're not a soulless utility maximizing entity). Then the manufacturer's identity is important.

      • by JBMcB ( 73720 )

        How far does your supply chain morality extend? Do you look at the working conditions of the steel suppliers that sell to your supplier? How about the companies that made the machines the steel supplier uses? What about the company that makes the styrofoam coffee cups that the steelworkers use? What about the coffee they drink - is it fair trade certified?

        Just a question - if you are going to extend your morality into your supply chain, where does it end?

        • by snadrus ( 930168 )

          I've thought of this before, and think the answer is "an intensive eye to the first level of the chain". Why?
          - Everyone can find out their immediate supplier
          - 1 company of scrutiny is easy
          - Competition here is good
          - If a company knows its reason for better business, they're more likely to become minded similarly & expect the same of their suppliers.

        • Far enough to capture 90% of the work that goes into the product.

      • What if you care about the conditions under which the product was made (because you're not a soulless utility maximizing entity).

        Caring about the conditions under which the product is made is another way of saying that said conditions are parameters to your utility function.

    • Yes, control of the supply chain is key. You can get high-quality goods manufactured in China if you want, but not if you take a "hands off" approach. You have to do what Apple did, and oversee the operation at every level. And guess what? Once you do that, you'll find that the overhead means that manufacturing in China isn't as cheap as everyone makes it out to be. You really do get what you pay for. That's one reason why Apple is considering bringing some of its manufacturing back to the Western Hemispher

    • by jrumney ( 197329 )

      You can be sure that a company like GE buying solar panels for power station usage would be as much in control of their supply chain as GM is with their car parts. Smaller manufacturers buying solar panels for fitting to houses or caravans, not so much. I think if you looked in detail at any of the manufacturers of car accessories sold only through independent retailers, you'd find they were similarly lacking in control of their supply chain. This isn't an industry problem, it is a problem that happens at

  • Rebirth! (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Sponge Bath ( 413667 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:44AM (#43859971)
    We can create a domestic solar panel industry to replace the cheap defective solar panels bought from a country that helped destroy our previous domestic solar panel industry. Bark! Bark! Bark! We will catch that tail eventually.
    • Re:Rebirth! (Score:5, Insightful)

      by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) * on Thursday May 30, 2013 @12:00PM (#43861695) Homepage Journal

      Japan has a healthy solar panel industry. Similar wage levels and similar living standards to the US. It is perfectly possible to complete with China in manufacturing.

      • The difference is that the Japanese have high incomes coupled with a strong sense of national pride. They also generally place high value on quality. But that isn't helping them as domestic manufacturing as been suffering massively at the hands of foreign competition.

  • You got talent, kid! Stick with me and I'll get you into vaudeville!!

  • by intermodal ( 534361 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @09:54AM (#43860079) Homepage Journal

    I would never have figured Mexican labor would become cheaper than that found in China. Sure, there's an education gap between Chinese and Mexican labor, but Mexico has been successful at producing exports in a variety of industries.

    Significant to what I'm seeing in that comparison is that while the "build it wherever labor is cheap" attitude has certainly been prevalent, I have to wonder if rising fuel costs will begin to whittle away at that? Several years ago, a man who ran a raw cotton storage facility told me that the cotton was grown here in Texas, shipped to China, manufactured into completed products, and shipped back to the United States. How much longer can transportation to and from across the Pacific be cost effective compared to other options?

    • by JDG1980 ( 2438906 ) on Thursday May 30, 2013 @10:09AM (#43860229)

      I would never have figured Mexican labor would become cheaper than that found in China. Sure, there's an education gap between Chinese and Mexican labor, but Mexico has been successful at producing exports in a variety of industries. Significant to what I'm seeing in that comparison is that while the "build it wherever labor is cheap" attitude has certainly been prevalent, I have to wonder if rising fuel costs will begin to whittle away at that? Several years ago, a man who ran a raw cotton storage facility told me that the cotton was grown here in Texas, shipped to China, manufactured into completed products, and shipped back to the United States. How much longer can transportation to and from across the Pacific be cost effective compared to other options?

      Shipping costs are a major issue when a product has a low value-to-weight ratio. Almost all drywall used in the US is manufactured domestically, because these are massive, heavy sheets and only sell for $10-$20 each at retail. Shipping them across the Pacific would be cost prohibitive. (We did import some drywall from China during the 2004-2007 housing boom, and it was a disaster – much of it leaked hydrogen sulfide gas, corroding pipes and wiring in the affected houses.) Likewise, plywood is mostly made in the Western Hemisphere; it's sometimes imported from Latin America, but Chinese plywood is less common. You can get quality US-made plywood at Home Depot and it's not really that much more expensive than the foreign stuff. Again, this is because shipping costs dominate with a heavy and relatively cheap product like plywood.

      Solar panels are big and bulky, so manufacturing them in China and shipping them to the US will become a worse and worse idea as prices drop.

      • by pepty ( 1976012 )
        So long as solar panels are silicon based it's going to be hard to compete with third world countries wherever they are located. Purifying silicon and manufacturing photovoltaic cells generates a lot of pretty nasty waste. The US and the EU have quite a bit to say about how you dispose of it and whether or not you have keep it separate from your workers. I have no idea how Mexico will stack up in that regard, but hopefully better than China.
    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      by Anonymous Coward

      "build it wherever labor is cheap" is only half of the story. We have essentially moved all the low level manufacturing of the "low value" electronic components to China. So it is not just the assembly house is there, but the entire ecology surrounding it. They can essentially walk down the street to source components and get their parts in a few hours locally saving on shipping cost/time.

      If you were to assemble iToys in North America, individual parts (probably 100 parts) e.g. LCD, case, chips, circuit b

    • Transportation across the Pacific is scarily cheap; it's about a thousand dollars for a container that holds about twenty tons, so five cents per shirt.

      This is because it's done with a big boat, and boats are amazingly efficient; five thousand containers use about a fifty-megawatt engine for about two weeks, that's twenty kilowatt-weeks (a couple of tons) of fuel to take each container to China or back. You're adding the price of about a cup of super-cheap marine fuel per shirt per direction.

      Remember that

  • Say it isn't so!

  • The end user should always buy with a warranty and a rated guarantee of performance. With microinverters and the like, each solar panel's output is available to the user on a browser. So... any defective panel can be swapped out and replaced. A small hassle for the installer and wholesaler, but its built into the incredibly low prices anyway. ($3/watt installed and warrantied for 10 years). This is a non-story. Who cares if a few solar panels need to get shipped back to China every month? Container ships le
  • Firstly, solar cells traditionally lose a large percentage of their performance after the first couple of years of use. If the small assemblies are experiencing a 50% power loss after 2 years, then achieving 50% after 7 years on a high-quality large assembly is reasonable. I'm not really sure why people are expecting solar cells to last 25 years.

    Secondly, a roof is a rough place to put a solar cell. It is continuously exposed to sun (ironically), which breaks down many plastic coatings. Additionally, t

    • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

      by Anonymous Coward

      Well, my own experience is quite a bit different with *quality* panels. I've got some I bought new 30+ years ago that are still 70% of the original spec in output.
      Guess who made them? BP - that's right, the oil company that shut down solar production due to lack of profit just before they oiled up the Gulf. I paid pretty high for them back in the late '70s/early '80s, but there you have it - they've also lived through hail, wind, you name it - along with a thermal cycle per day, which is often the real k

    • Yeah, I kinda question this article, and its focus solely on defective panels from China - we don't really have a reference point for what sort of defect rate is 'normal'.

    • Because without those expectations the ROI doesn't work.
    • Firstly, solar cells traditionally lose a large percentage of their performance after the first couple of years of use. If the small assemblies are experiencing a 50% power loss after 2 years, then achieving 50% after 7 years on a high-quality large assembly is reasonable. I'm not really sure why people are expecting solar cells to last 25 years.

      Because if they don't last that long then they aren't worth buying. At least not at current prices. If they got a lot cheaper then 10 years might be acceptable.

  • because one of the parties wants it? Fuck you. The purpose of the law is to serve the greater needs of society, not the parties involved in a lawsuit. A LOT of shit goes down in terms of in and out of court settlements and wrongdoing that has the effect of frustrating researchers trying to ferret out and understand important trends and practices in society because of this secrecy. This does not serve the greater needs of society, in fact, just the fucking opposite.

Get hold of portable property. -- Charles Dickens, "Great Expectations"

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