Ford's Bringing Adaptive Steering To the Masses 128
cartechboy writes: "Most automakers have made the jump from hydraulic power steering to electronic power steering to help conserve fuel. By using an electric motor instead of a hydraulic system, less energy is drawn from the engine. Many luxury automakers have also introduced adaptive steering with the electronic power steering systems, but now Ford is looking to bring this feature to the masses. Adaptive steering builds on the existing speed-sensitive function of the electronic power steering system by altering the steering ratio and effort based on driver inputs and settings. The system uses a precision-controlled actuator placed inside the steering wheel. It's an electric motor and gearing system that can essentially add or subtract from the driver's steering inputs. This will make the vehicle easier to maneuver at low speeds, and make a vehicle feel more stable at high speeds. The system (video) will be offered on certain Ford vehicles within the next 12 months."
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I remember reading about a vehicle made in Europe that was completely drive-by-wire with no mechanical linkages whatsoever. Of course, some vehicles had glitches, and when they did, there was nothing to do but hope the wreck didn't kill you.
You know how many criminal organizations would love to be able to use an assist motor to jam a steering wheel at will? With how interconnected vehicles are, it might just take a bluetooth hole to get on the CANBus, then go from there.
I wouldn't blame Ford specifically,
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I remember reading about a vehicle made in Europe that was completely drive-by-wire with no mechanical linkages whatsoever.
This might have been the Mercedes-Benz F200 [wikipedia.org] concept car -
driven by completely electronic sidesticks.
This allowed for some cool features, e.g. completely vibration-free controls on
cobblestones while the electronic steering made continuous tiny adjustments to
the front wheels.
It also means it had no chance to be certified for public roads.
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I remember reading about a vehicle made in Europe that was completely drive-by-wire with no mechanical linkages whatsoever. Of course, some vehicles had glitches, and when they did, there was nothing to do but hope the wreck didn't kill you.
You know how many criminal organizations would love to be able to use an assist motor to jam a steering wheel at will? With how interconnected vehicles are, it might just take a bluetooth hole to get on the CANBus, then go from there.
I wouldn't blame Ford specifically, but I do worry about things like GM's OnStar being a prime target for hackers. Get control of that, disable all GM cars, tout the accomplishment, and win immense street cred. Same with getting motor-assisted steering to start jerking the wheel at random to cause crashes, it would put an organization on the map and give them respect worldwide.
Car makers have been good, but in general, most companies feel that security has no ROI, so don't do much than lip service, and coupled with all the crap that can take over a vehicle's ECM [1], it can be concerning.
[1]: I was reading about a "tattle" device by one insurance company which apparently something over the OBD 2 connector, so if the device was removed, the vehicle wouldn't start. Is this real? Doubtful, but it is concerning.
Even without steer by wire, this can be accomplished with electric power steering. As an example, look at "Active Park Assist". The system will command the steering wheel to turn, pretty much to full lock, based on what the sensors see. I assume (maybe?) if it detects resistance on the steering wheel it won't over power it, but the technology is already there for the wheels to turn as the computer sees fit. Electronic Throttle Control means the gas pedal is really just a suggestion to the computer, and hybr
Ghost in the machine (Score:5, Funny)
No thanks, I'll keep my hand on the burger and cell phone and coffee and makeup and... where I'm in full control
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Yes, because cars fly 30k above ground and have vast distances between it and other planes in the sky. A millisecond malfunction might pull the car into head-on traffic. But I'm sure the engineers know that. What could possibly go wrong?
Re:Ghost in the machine (Score:5, Informative)
I'm pretty sure designers of fly-by-wire airplanes have already solved the problem. ;-)
Yes, they had ejection seats for the first couple of decades of fly-by-wire. ;-)
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They also had people shooting at them...
Re:Ghost in the machine (Score:4, Informative)
They also had people shooting at them...
Sort of like driving in west Oakland.
More lost to mechanical/electronics malfunction (Score:2)
They also had people shooting at them...
In theory but not in practice. One of the earliest, if not the first widely deployed fly-by-wire, was the F-16. The number of F-16s lost to enemy action was very small compared to those lost due to mechanical/electronics malfunction.
Yes ejection seats predate fly-by-wire but they certainly made fly-by-wire early adoption a lot easier.
Re:Ghost in the machine (Score:4, Informative)
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I'm pretty sure the S2000 did not have speed-variable-ratio steering; this is entirely new. All cars these days have rack-and-pinion steering, with a direct mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the steering arms and front wheels. What the S2000 had, IIRC, is different gearing on the rack, so as the pinion turned, the ratio would increase towards the limits of the steering range. Basically, the slots cut in the rack were closer together in the middle, and farther apart at the ends. Big f'
Re:Ghost in the machine (Score:4, Interesting)
Electric power steering works with sensors on the steering wheel that detect when you turn it, and how much. The car then does some calculations taking into account the force and speed with which you turn the wheel, and the speed at which the vehicle is traveling. It then activates a motor, which actually turns the wheels.
I believe there is an electromagnetic clutch that disconnects the steering wheel from the actual rack and pinion, unless a fault is detected.
Re:Ghost in the machine (Score:5, Informative)
Electric power steering works with sensors on the steering wheel that detect when you turn it, and how much. The car then does some calculations taking into account the force and speed with which you turn the wheel, and the speed at which the vehicle is traveling. It then activates a motor, which actually turns the wheels.
No, it doesn't.
EPS is little different from hydraulic power steering. The motor merely assists the driver in steering the car. There's still a direct mechanical connection between the wheel and the steering arms. The sensors on the steering wheel are detecting how much torque you're applying to the wheel, and use that and the road speed to determine how much assist to give via the motor.
There's no clutch in normal EPS cars. These new variable-ratio ones, however, might just work that way.
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Sorry, I was talking about the electric power steering found on steer-by-wire cars, like the Infiniti Q50.
http://www.autoweek.com/articl... [autoweek.com]
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Some form of continuously variable transmission [wikipedia.org] in the steering shaft, most likely. And it's still a bad idea, since more moving parts means a bigger chance of failure. I'd much rather take a simple straight shaft and just move my arms
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That could be a danger in any power steering system. I'm surprised it doesn't happen more often.
(How hydraulic power steering works.) [youtube.com]
Altering the power of the assist shouldn't make this any more dangerous. Worse case, you lose power assist. Although that's bit GM hard lately with their ignition switch recall.
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Altering the power of the assist shouldn't make this any more dangerous. Worse case, you lose power assist. Although that's bit GM hard lately with their ignition switch recall.
That's by biggest concern with this: if you engine stalls or turns off (for whatever) reason, do you completely lose steering, or you just lose power assist? There is a huge difference, even though suddenly losing assist can cause trouble.
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I'll stick with my horse thank you very much!
None of this newfangled automobile nonsense.
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Does that mean that if one of those actuators or logic board malfunctions, that it could steer a car into traffic?
Or becomes unresponsive when the key disengages, like power steering in the recent GM recall scandal? At least there steering only became difficult. They are going to have to power the system as long as the wheels are turning.
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I had one of the Pontiac G6s with the electric power steering assist. Let me tell you, when that electric assist went out it was exceedingly difficult to turn. Even at speed. Hydraulically assisted cars of the past would still be relatively easy to steer when moving over about 5mph. That G6 was absolutely dangerous when the electric assist failed. While GM claimed there was no issue, they did revert to hydraulic steering assist in later models. That alone should tell you the truth of the matter.
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It doesn't work that way. At worst the steering would become heavy due to lack of power steering. The motors are designed so that you can overcome them in the event of a catastrophic failure.
Re:Old Tech! (Score:2, Informative)
Very old news.
I'm not sure about the US, but Euro and Asian car makers have been using similar electric power steering systems (assisted by a motor in the steering column or steering rack) since the early 2000's.
Also... Electric power steering systems are NOT fly by wire. A physical link still remains between the steering wheel and wheels. The EPS system could loose power or malfunction and you would still be able to steer ok.
(I've just retrofitted EPS from a 2006 Toyota RAV4 into a 1990 Toyota Celica)
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Very old news.
I'm not sure about the US, but Euro and Asian car makers have been using similar electric power steering systems (assisted by a motor in the steering column or steering rack) since the early 2000's.
Also... Electric power steering systems are NOT fly by wire. A physical link still remains between the steering wheel and wheels. The EPS system could loose power or malfunction and you would still be able to steer ok.
(I've just retrofitted EPS from a 2006 Toyota RAV4 into a 1990 Toyota Celica)
What if it malfunctions and actively fights against you?
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What if it malfunctions and actively fights against you?
Read IEC 61508 [wikipedia.org] and ISO 26262 [wikipedia.org]
The standard documents can be purchased from whatever organization is responsible for standardization in you country.
They cover all the "What if contrived example" that you will find people posting on Slashdot.
Re:Ghost in the machine (Score:5, Informative)
Depends on the implementation. BMW, for instance [bmw.com], uses a planetary gear set connected to the steering wheel, the rack and an electric motor. If the motor or the adaptive steering logic fails, the motor is locked and you get an ordinary constant-ratio steering system.
Checking whether the steering output matches the input would take care of your scenario.
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This is old news: this system is already used on some cars since many years. Toyota for example have it at least since the 10 years old Prius II.
And now think about the driverless Google car...
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Holy crap, dude! A car that fights you over the steering wheel! This is the most alarming thing I've heard in a while. If someone not paying attention ventures onto or over the line between our lanes, I need to be able to calmly ease my car over to hug the other side.
It's just amazing what a bad idea certain "helping" automation can be. This will just make everyone unsafer, at least until every car on the road has it. I was thinking if I had that I'd have it off normally, and only turn it on if I was d
Re: Ghost in the machine (Score:2)
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Hydraulic isn't much different. A blocked port in the rack and pinion can send the wheel spinning wildly in one direction. Happened to my brother's old Volvo. The wheel would damn-near tear your arm off and try to send you into oncoming traffic. There are a lot of ways to build in saftey. I was impressed with recent brake-pedal light switches. My oldest car was one wire that completed a ground loop. If the switch failed you'd never know. My next car it was two wires. My newest car is three wires, a
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Citroen, as usual, beat them to it. By decades.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D... [wikipedia.org]
Radical new way to steer the car. (Score:2)
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Wow, are you really that stupid? You can't use pushbuttons to steer a car.
Re:Radical new way to steer the car. (Score:4, Interesting)
This is a stupid idea. For one thing, a big, red, octagonal stop sign is not a good way to steer a car.
But in case you're talking about joysticks, those are terrible ways to control cars, because they don't have the range of motion that a steering wheel does. If they made any sense at all, you'd see Formula 1 cars with them. You don't. F1 cars all use steering wheels, despite being loaded with an incredible amount of technology.
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Not even proper joysticks, but shitty mini-analogs.
All you need to do to discover how bad an idea joystick controls on a car would be is to try to use a scissor lift. They have a lot of torque (at low top speed), and you basically have to wedge your arm into the control harness and control the stick with a stiff wrist. Otherwise, you push the stick forward, the lift accelerates, inertia jerks your arm back, and you pull back on the stick. Rinse, repeat...
Re:Radical new way to steer the car. (Score:4, Interesting)
Not even proper joysticks, but shitty mini-analogs.
All you need to do to discover how bad an idea joystick controls on a car would be is to try to use a scissor lift. They have a lot of torque (at low top speed), and you basically have to wedge your arm into the control harness and control the stick with a stiff wrist. Otherwise, you push the stick forward, the lift accelerates, inertia jerks your arm back, and you pull back on the stick. Rinse, repeat...
Or try driving any piece of heavy equipment over any kind of rough ground. I wondered why the front-end loader driver kept revving the engine. When I drove it myself, I quickly found out that rough ground + no suspension made the operator's foot bounce on the gas pedal and create a positive feedback cycle. More bump = more bouncing off the gas pedal = even more bumping around.
Also Saab tried a joystick control in one of their prototypes [wikipedia.org]. Top Gear tried it out in one episode, it didn't work very well at all.
PC vs Console Drivers (Score:2)
Yeah, and since when does a car have auto-aim? You call that realistic driving? Any driver with a keyboard and mouse would beat the crap a console joystick driver!
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Electronically controlled power steering is not allowed in F1.
http://www.formula1.com/inside_f1/rules_and_regulations/technical_regulations/8708/
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While Google eliminates the steering wheel... (Score:3)
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Incremental advancements are just as much an innovation as radical changes in design.
Remember without it you'd still have to use the full force of your body to turn a car into a carpark. Power assisted steering has been a major benefit to drivers all over long before the pipe dream of a steering-wheel-less car was even imaginable. Even now we're talking about changes that can benefit us right now, while Google is talking about changes which will be another 10 years away from popular use.
Both companies are i
Old tech is new news? (Score:4, Informative)
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My 1968 Firebird has Variable Ratio steering that was an original option. It works very nicely.
The only problem: you get used to it and when you drive a car without it, it feels like the steering is too quick, twitchy, difficult to control, and you could oversteer at higher speeds.
I think all of these automated safety things are great, but if someone who is used to them then has to drive an older or simpler car, they might cause an accident. I'm not saying we should not have these features; I'm just sayin
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The Toyota Prius have it at least since the Prius II from 2003. Now that depend how much you think this is a common car model...
IS it more stable, or does it FEEL more stable? (Score:2)
I can see this getting ugly quickly.
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Meh, I don't think that's the fault of the power steering, it was the fault of the fact that the first quarter turn didn't actually do anything.
At least, that was certainly true with my father's cars in the 70's and 80's.
It always felt like the steering inputs were really loosely coupled to the actual steering, and would go from mushy to terrifying in a small increment (wh
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"...the first quarter turn didn't actually do anything."
Which usually means the bushings are shot. 1/8 inch or so of shrinkage in old rubber bushings is roughly 1/4th turn of the wheel. -- When we replaced bushings in my old truck ('78 Ford), it went from that same 1/4-turn-does-nothing to completely like-new tight again.
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IS it more stable, or does it FEEL more stable?
Yes. Also, yes.
With conventional, mechanically-linked, non-variable steering, if I twitch the wheel at 2 mph while creeping into a parking space, nothing happens. If I twitch the wheel the same amount on the highway at 60 mph, I lurch sickeningly across a couple of lanes of traffic.
A sensible system would allow me to make moderately-sized inputs at whatever speed I'm travelling, and convert those to appropriate adjustments of the wheels of the car: big deflections of my tires with lots of power assis
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And my 2001 Honda had it.
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Bleh (Score:4, Insightful)
Sounds idiotic to me. Non-linear steering is great, but any sort of dynamic/adaptive steering that changes according to conditions is stupid beyond belief and will cause an endless stream of accidents because the driver can no longer predict how the car will react to similar steering motions.
-Matt
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Sounds idiotic to me. Non-linear steering is great, but any sort of dynamic/adaptive steering that changes according to conditions is stupid beyond belief and will cause an endless stream of accidents because the driver can no longer predict how the car will react to similar steering motions.
-Matt
Wow, that's great insight. Glad you're around to lend your experience to those idiots at BMW and Mercedes, who clearly haven't thought of this when deploying the technology.
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I will stick with the very direct steering input of my motorcycles.
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Right, because motorcycles are such safe vehicles to ride.
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Sounds idiotic to me. Non-linear steering is great, but any sort of dynamic/adaptive steering that changes according to conditions is stupid beyond belief and will cause an endless stream of accidents because the driver can no longer predict how the car will react to similar steering motions.
-Matt
Wow, that's great insight. Glad you're around to lend your experience to those idiots at BMW and Mercedes, who clearly haven't thought of this when deploying the technology.
Do you find it difficult to look at your Samsung Gear smart watch when wearing the 3D glasses for your TV? Oh, and what's your wifi SSID? I thought it was "COOLBOX" but that's just your smart fridge.
HINT: Companies pursue and push out tons of tech and features that are shit.
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Why wouldn't he be more insightful? It's not like these people always get it right.
Each time you get a new bit of automation you lose control in a fringe case. I learnt this the hard way with ABS breaks that automatically pump the break to try and give you more control when breaking hard. Problem is, on ice, that's fucking useless, so I ended up sliding long after I'd have stopped without ABS right out into a junction on a slight downhill and had my car written off. ABS was the whole reason this happened -
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I loved it, felt like manual rack and pinion at high speed, felt similar to hydraulic power steering at low speed but far smoother. Humans are dynamic/adaptive creatures, and it doesn't feel any different at different speeds--if you didn't know it was an adaptive electronic system, you'd have no clue. Congrats Ford on catching up to what Honda was doing a decade and half ago.
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"Sounds idiotic to me. Non-linear steering is great, but any sort of dynamic/adaptive steering that changes according to conditions is stupid beyond belief and will cause an endless stream of accidents because the driver can no longer predict how the car will react to similar steering motions."
Only for companies that are unable to create a working ignition switch.
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Sounds idiotic to me. Non-linear steering is great, but any sort of dynamic/adaptive steering that changes according to conditions is stupid beyond belief and will cause an endless stream of accidents because the driver can no longer predict how the car will react to similar steering motions.
I used to think like you do. Driving American made cars is what made me think that way. Drive a high end Mercedes at some point to see what adaptive steering is REALLY like. You can drive at 150 miles per hour and the steering feels like it does at 40 miles per hour. Same at 180 miles per hour.
At no time does it ever act "weird". What it does do is make the steering feel the same no matter what the conditions, which actually makes the vehicle much easier to control. I have driven an SL 65 AMG (and a lot of
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I have a ford (Score:4, Interesting)
I have a ford with adaptive steering... You can barely tell its there. The basic goal is to give you lots of help while the car is stationary or moving slow... but make it harder to jerk the wheel when doing 80. Back in the 80s they way over did power steering so you had basically no road feel at all and if someone even bumped the wheel while you were on the freeway it could send you into a spin or cause you to roll. So they cut back on the amount of "help" power steering provided.
But my truck was recalled yesterday because faults in the system could cause power steering to fail and lead to an accident. They've had 7 confirmed accidents due to this out of some 800,000 vehicles sold.
Ironic this story pops up a day after a recall for the very feature being advertised. lol
Re:I have a ford (Score:5, Informative)
Friends don't let friends drive Fords.... (Score:1)
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And I had 4 Taurus/Sables that I bought used and drove to over 225k miles each, so long as you got the Duratec 3.0 those cars were bulletproof. The only reason I went away from them is that I wanted AWD and better gas mileage.
First introduced by Honda (Score:3)
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Mercedes has it. My 2004 E55 AMG has it.
More susceptible to SW/electrical falures (Score:2)
I dislike electric power steering (Score:3)
Re: I dislike electric power steering (Score:2)
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Sure, you can overlook all these signs, but for anyone paying attention these failures are not sudden. If anything, typical hydraulic power steering fails too gracefully, so people keep using it in a failed state.
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I just bought a 2015 Subaru WRX with electric steering, and the feel is pretty incredible. Way better and gives much more feedback than my old 2005 WRX with hydraulic steering. People are still saying good things about the electric steering in the Subaru BRZ, too.
It wasn't long ago that all American cars were very soft and all drove like boats. Whether the technology works or not has little to do with the mechanics and more to do with the tuning and manufacturer's priorities. Thankfully, Ford has shaped
Ford is bringing it to the masses? (Score:1)
No thanks (Score:2)
Does anyone sell a real car anymore, and not a rolling computer? If not, sounds like there is a market ripe for the picking.
Re:Does anyone sell a real car anymore (Score:2)
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Sure, you could build something 100% from scratch and even skip the 'kits', or just buy an older car that was pre-perversion in age, but i was thinking along the lines of a current day mass produced vehicle.
I have not seen one, but that didn't mean it does not exist.
$5 (Score:1, Insightful)
Where is Ford going to save the five dollars THIS time?
Anybody remember the original Pinto, also remembered as a molotov cocktail if struck from the rear? Ford was warned by their engineers that in such collisions, some of the drivers would end up burned alive. Cost to fix: $5 per vehicle. Ford chose the cheaper alternative of paying off lawsuits, without making a serious dent in the Pinto's bottom line.
So I ask again, where will they save money to kill their customers THIS time?
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Narrator: A new car built by my company leaves somewhere traveling at 60 mph. The rear differential locks up. The car crashes and burns with everyone trapped inside. Now, should we initiate a recall? Take the number of vehicles in the field, A, multiply by the probable rate of failure, B, multiply by the average out-of-court settlement, C. A times B times C equals X. If X is less than the cost of a recall, we don't do one.
Business woman on plane: Are there a lot of these kinds of accidents?
Narrator: You wou
Power everything! (Score:1)
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If you depend on driving a car to stay in shape either you are a professional rallye driver or the guy who spends endless time delivering stuff with a crappy old truck on winding backcountry roads. For the rest of us it won't make much of a difference IMHO...
Ugh, no thanks (Score:2)
I like my car interfaces the same way I like my computer interfaces: just do exactly what the fuck I tell it to.
Prius? (Score:2)
It's on my ten year old Prius, what next? Electric air con compressor? Oops, got that too...
Honda CRZ (Score:2)