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Elon Musk's Team Is Talking With Thai Officials for Cave Rescue (bloomberg.com) 369

Representatives for Elon Musk are in talks with Thai authorities about aiding in the rescue of a boys' soccer team stuck in a cave, said a spokesman for the billionaire. From a report: Musk's companies could help by trying to locate the boys' precise location using Space Exploration Technologies or Boring Co. technology, pumping water or providing heavy-duty battery packs known as Tesla Powerwalls, the spokesman said. It's unclear whether Thai officials will accept the offer. Twelve boys and their coach, who had been missing since last month, were found by a pair of British cave divers late Monday. Efforts to rescue them are hampered by narrow passageways and rising waters in the cave system. Most of the boys cannot swim.
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Elon Musk's Team Is Talking With Thai Officials for Cave Rescue

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  • If divers got in there, surely they can get some more divers in there with some more equipment, and then tow the kids out of there in spite of their lack of swimming ability?

    • Getting kids unskilled in SCUBA through a complex path underwater for a whole hour is really chancy. It's not just a 5-minute dip.
      • by spudnic ( 32107 )

        They said it would take about five hours for them to get out. And some of that is in very confined passageways filled with murky water.

        Most of these kids don't even know how to swim. Imagine the panic attacks and resultant thrashing that could happen. They could kill themselves and the rescuers.

      • Hmm... could you possibly put them in tight, streamlined, snag-resistant "cocoons" that prevent put them moving, drug them into a state of artificial calm, and simply tow them out as inert cargo?

        • by Hognoxious ( 631665 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @04:57PM (#56898276) Homepage Journal

          I thought that. Then I realized I've been in a cave precisely twice, neither of them underwater, and decided to shut the fuck up.

          • I've been in a lot more caves than that - though never underwater for longer than I could hold my breath. But this is Slashdot - since when has actual knowledge of the subject at hand interfered with wild speculation?

            I speculate precisely so that someone more knowledgeable can shoot me down. Or failing that, to argue with someone whose ignorance exceeds my own ;-).

      • They're not just unskilled; apparently none of them even know how to swim. And cave-diving 3 to 4 miles?? Not happening.
    • by Anonymous Coward on Thursday July 05, 2018 @03:55PM (#56897830)

      Cave diving is highly technical. In one part of this particular dive the diver has to be remove their gear and push it ahead of them, in the dark, without getting tangled. This isn't a simple open water dive. An untrained non-swimmer will panic and die, trapping everyone else in the cave behind them.

    • If divers got in there, surely they can get some more divers in there with some more equipment, and then tow the kids out of there in spite of their lack of swimming ability?

      If you've seen the diagrams, its a cluster maze. Experts say it is highly dangerous and only to be a last resort.

    • by fahrbot-bot ( 874524 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @04:39PM (#56898146)

      If divers got in there, surely they can get some more divers in there with some more equipment, and then tow the kids out of there in spite of their lack of swimming ability?

      You mean getting kids that can't swim to use SCUBA gear for their first time and not panic while navigating through an underwater maze of twisty little passages, all alike [wikipedia.org] for over a mile, underwater, in the dark, for 5+ hours? I'm a 55-year-old super experienced swimmer and that might freak me out a little. While I'm confident that I could keep it together, I wouldn't be so sure about my 11-year-old niece.

    • by Xest ( 935314 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @04:55PM (#56898258)

      As a diver I can highlight a few dangers with this kind of diving:

      1) Panic. If someone panics they lose all rationality, these means they will do things like reject their equipment, take their mask off, taking their breathing apparatus out, flap about and risk knocking any rescuers dive gear off. When you do rescue diver training one of the first things you're taught is that if someone is in panic to only approach if you believe you can restrain them, it's better to let them run out of energy, fall under, and pass out, then try and recover them once they're unconcious/drowning than it is to risk a rescue and get yourself knocked out by a flailing arm. There are tactics you can use to approach a panicing diver, such as approaching them underwater and removing their weights (so they can't descend), or approaching them from behind and controlling them by holding their tank where they can't reach you. The problem is, none of these approaches are any use in a tight cave. There have been plenty of recorded incidents over the years of even the skinniest, most petite young girls accidentally knocking even the strongest most experienced dive instructors for six as a result of panic.

      2) Low visibility, due to the rainfall and porous nature of the rocks, there is quite a lot of silt in the water, that means visibility may be next to nothing at points, that's a perfect recipe for panic. When you start to do tech diving, one of the things you learn is to use shorter fins, and kick differently than you do open water cruising reefs watching turtles and stuff. You learn to kick in a way that limits stirring up silt, and in fact don't even kick at all if you can pull yourself along a guide line or something - getting the kids to avoid a natural tendancy to kick, or to kick using the right finning style if they do will in itself not be easy without significant practice. If they kick or flap they're just going to make visibility even worse.

      3) Parts of the dive are 30 metres, whilst that's not massively deep for even fairly casual recreational diving, it's still ample depth to suffer effects like narcosis, which can cause anything from making someone deliriously happy, to deliriously stupid like with panic in rejecting equipment.

      4) Some parts of the cave system are so narrow, the only way through is to take your equipment off, push it through, swim through, then put your equipment back on. Cave and tech divers in general usually have long hoses for this type of scenario so they can keep the regulator in whilst they do this, but keep your regulator in, or removing it and replacing it whilst de-kitting, and re-kitting when you reach the other side isn't something a beginner should ever attempt.

      5) Air consumption. It's an hour dive, and an experienced diver can easily do an hour on a typical 12 litre tank, but these aren't experienced divers, the stress of the cold, dark, and tight passages, coupled with poor buoyancy and trim, and zero experience means these kids will be burning air like no tomorrow, and with parts at 30 metres this means they could trivially run out in as little as 30 minutes. That means at some point you need to switch their air supply.

      6) Keeping track of them, the normal way to safely cave and wreck dive is to follow a guide line that you've tied and run through the system, this means the kids have to pull themselves along it for an hour. That's fine in itself but what if they lose it? If there's zero visibility due to silt then how do you find them again? You can tie them to an experienced diver with a buddy tether, but that's something else that can get tangled and create a crisis- if it gets tangled round the kids breathing apparatus it could accidentally pull it out and you might find all you have at the other side is a drowned kid. There won't be room at times to have someone swimming side by side with them.

      7) Buoyancy control. It takes a while to get that right, get that wrong and serious accidents can occur. If you inflate your buoyancy vest too much you'll get an u

      • Rick and John are two of the best cave divers in the world, if it was easy to get them out with scuba they'd be out by now - those two are so good at this that you can trust that whatever can be done from a diving point of view is being done.

        Shocking isn't it - the thought that people who are like actual experts on a thing might know a lot more about that thing than people who are experts on other things - or nothing.

        They should maybe try a blockchain or something.

      • by Kjella ( 173770 )

        6) Keeping track of them, the normal way to safely cave and wreck dive is to follow a guide line that you've tied and run through the system, this means the kids have to pull themselves along it for an hour. That's fine in itself but what if they lose it?

        I don't know if it's asking for more trouble but couldn't you use something like a carabiner [wikipedia.org] to actually attach them to the line? They'd probably have to unhook/rehook at each turn but it'd be a lot shorter than a buddy line. Mentally that could be a big help as well, doesn't matter if they lose the grip or can't see they're not lost. It'd be slower but I'm assuming there's enough dry pockets they can set up rest/refill stations.

        • by Xest ( 935314 )

          The lines will be tied on to rock formations at various points and will run against the rock at others. If it was a straight line in open water that'd be fine, but in a cave you'll just spend more time trying to unhook it and hook it back on, which in zero visibility water, potentially wearing gloves is not the easiest thing to do without practice.

          As a result of that, it's probably easier to just tie them to the diver in front and/or behind and tell them to use their hands to navigate the guide line.

      • by Rei ( 128717 )

        Sounds like the vast majority of those problems could be eliminated by, for each kid, giving them enough valium-or-equivalent to dope a horse, and having the professional divers haul them out while they trip their brains out. Is there anything that they personally must take responsibility for, that a professional diver with them couldn't do for them (buoyancy, air supply monitoring, etc) with the right kit?

        • by Xest ( 935314 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @07:02PM (#56898984)

          I made a post about drugging them here which covers that kind of thing:

          https://slashdot.org/comments.... [slashdot.org]

          Long story short, yeah, you really need them to be lucid, and the effects of drugs that normally work fine above water may work completely differently underwater. Some side effects are obvious, some not so.

          I learnt the hard way early on why you shouldn't even take decongestants when diving. I dived with a minor cold, but took some decongestants and assumed it would be okay. Of course, I still had mucus stuck in the holes in your palate as we tend to when we get colds. I descended to about 5 metres and couldn't clear the pain, so ascend, descended, same problem - a typical squeeze issue from trapped air and an inability to equalise the pressure in the air pocket. I descended a bit more to see if it cleared, by about 10 metres it had, so I continued the dive (a 40 metre dive, in 2c water in a quarry in the UK, in November, with about 1 metre visibility - don't ask). This was the first and only time I suffered nitrogen narcosis, I can't obviously say the decongestants were wholly to blame, I suspect they were a contributing factor but not the only factor. Nitrogen narcosis affects people in different ways, but for me, subconcious was telling me I couldn't breathe and I felt this overwhelming urge to take the regulator out my mouth so I could breathe, whilst I was conciously trying to fight that instinct and tell myself don't be fucking stupid, if you take it out you drown, calm down, keep breathing through it, your fine. Horrible feeling having to fight your own instincts to not drown, but nonetheless I made it through it okay by reminding myself I'm alive, breathing fine, a little bit cold but otherwise okay, keep going, all is good.

          When I came back up I hit 10 metres and it started hurting near my palate again at the top of my mouth, so again descended to try and clear, went away, ascended, same problem at 10 metres. Running low on air I decided to try and ascend slowly, hurt for a few metres and again at 5 metres it eventually went away. Finished the dive, thought nothing of it.

          Now I'm not really sure to this day why it only affected me in that 5 metre window, normally if you have a pressure equalisation issue it only gets worse if you keep going in the direction it started hurting in (i.e. up or down), but for whatever reason it did.

          I didn't put two and two together as to the cause and effect until about 6 months later, but long story short after that dive I lost my sense of taste for about 3 months, and was scared shitless it was permanent. The doctors had no idea because I hadn't even remotely connected it to the idea it was to do with the diving, but essentially I'd damaged my palate and the worst part is, even chocolate was like eating tasteless mud, it's really the only way I can describe it - no sweatness, no real flavour at all, just flavourless melted chocolate.

          So the lesson here is that even common medicines can increase your susceptibility to problems when diving, and things like valium I suspect have never really been trialled on divers (see my above linked post for the other physicological changes that could impact it), and that if you can't equalise, you can risk some really serious damage, so you have to be able to a) equalise and abort the dive if you can't, b) be lucid enough to make it clear you can't equalise.

          Any dive training you do will absolutely and always iterate that you should never do it on medication precisely because almost all meds are untested under the physiological changes divers face, and because you need to be aware and conscious to immediately call out and react to problems because otherwise they'll often only get worse. The cave diving community take this sufficiently seriously that they have a rule- anyone can end a dive for any reason at any time, without question. This is precisely because everything from anxiety about a dive, through to illness,

      • Your contribution is one of the best things I've read on Slashdot in a very long time: informative, insightful, AND interesting! Thanks for taking the time!
    • its 4+ hour scuba trip each way
    • One of Musk's outfits makes spacesuits. Only an experienced diver need swim. Kid wouldn't even get wet. Repeat as necessary.
  • by Mr D from 63 ( 3395377 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @03:50PM (#56897788)
    I'd hate to be the guy having to decide how to get those kids out. No good options at the moment. I don't see how batteries would help, I'm sure they already have batteries and are apparently running power/communication to the boys location.

    I wonder if there is a flexible pipe with a wide enough ID to pull these boys through. If they could snake such a pipe through the underwater sections, then pump out the water, it might be an option. I suppose that effort itself would be quite dangerous and take a lot of time to act on, if its even feasible to start with.
    • I wish someone could explain how they actually got in there in the first place. Even before it flooded it seems like a tough place to get too. Who led them there and why? Is he facing any punishment?

      • The soccer coach who led them into this cave for some sort of bonding trip is in there with them. And yes, questions are being asked.
      • I"m sure they'll get around to looking at how this happened, but obviously that is for another day. I do find it curious that none of them apparently know how to swim. I suppose its just a cultural difference or something like that, for some reason they just don't prioritize teaching kids to swim.
      • Have you ever done any caving? Squeezing through tight passages, wondering if you're going to get stuck is just part of the fun. If those passages are underwater however, it becomes a *much* bigger challenge.

        And if you also don't know how to swim, much less use SCUBA gear, then you've got a real problem on your hands. Best case scenario is probably running a rope the entire length of the underwater tunnel, and escort them out one at a time by a pair of professional cavers carrying their SCUBA gear in fro

      • The area in the cave they visited was apparently pretty easy to access. They fled to where they are now after they got trapped, to escape the rising water.
      • I wish someone could explain how they actually got in there in the first place. Even before it flooded it seems like a tough place to get too. Who led them there and why? Is he facing any punishment?

        If you're in the part that's easy to get to and water starts pouring in the way you came, the narrow parts that lead away up-slope become surprisingly easy to squeeze through.

    • Somebody watched the recent Lost in Space reboot...
    • I wonder if there is a flexible pipe with a wide enough ID to pull these boys through.

      I was wondering how long it would be before some twat suggested a hyperloop.

    • They could conceivably pump the river half-dry somewhere upstream if they had enough pumps/piping... and enough power. Get it??
  • by account_deleted ( 4530225 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @04:16PM (#56898008)
    Comment removed based on user account deletion
    • They should incorporate in the Cook Islands for the Country code TLD

    • He should make it a Tesla subsidiary...

      Tesla Sucks LTD or whatever.

      Reading the comments on Slashdot, there would be a lot of people ready to invest in Tesla Sucks.

  • Why am I not surprised that neither of these options has yet been mentioned? Too intuitively obvious to the most casual observer?

    There are two basic options now if time is of the essence (and I'm assuming they don't want to sustain this project until October if they don't have to). One is to sedate the kids enough to move them out safely, and the other is to use some kind of rescue capsule that they guide along the ropes.

    The drilling option might be viable, but only if they can get the kids to a better loca

  • by Impy the Impiuos Imp ( 442658 ) on Thursday July 05, 2018 @07:25PM (#56899080) Journal

    Use his big test noring device to drill down? Is the cave underwater with a pocket? Drilling in from the top would release the air and flood the cave before they could get out.

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