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Transportation

Former Top Waymo Engineer Altered Code To Go on 'Forbidden Routes', Report Says (arstechnica.com) 167

In the early days of what ultimately became Waymo, Google's self-driving car division (known at the time as "Project Chauffeur"), there were "more than a dozen accidents, at least three of which were serious," according to a new article in The New Yorker . From a report: The magazine profiled Anthony Levandowski, the former Google engineer who was at the center of the Waymo v. Uber trade secrets lawsuit. According to the article, back in 2011, Levandowski also modified the autonomous software to take the prototype Priuses on "otherwise forbidden routes."

Citing an anonymous source, The New Yorker reports that Levandowski sat behind the wheel as the safety driver, along with Isaac Taylor, a Google executive. But while they were in the car, the Prius "accidentally boxed in another vehicle," a Camry.

As The New Yorker wrote: "A human driver could easily have handled the situation by slowing down and letting the Camry merge into traffic, but Google's software wasn't prepared for this scenario. The cars continued speeding down the freeway side by side. The Camry's driver jerked his car onto the right shoulder. Then, apparently trying to avoid a guard rail, he veered to the left; the Camry pinwheeled across the freeway and into the median. Levandowski, who was acting as the safety driver, swerved hard to avoid colliding with the Camry, causing Taylor to injure his spine so severely that he eventually required multiple surgeries." This was apparently just one of several accidents in Project Chauffeur's early days.

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Former Top Waymo Engineer Altered Code To Go on 'Forbidden Routes', Report Says

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  • by Anonymous Coward

    No accident and swerving causes a spinal injury requiring multiple surgeries?

    Either the article is missing something or someone is trying to get a payday.

    • Sneezing can permanently paralyse you, no car accident needed.

    • by Fetko ( 244582 )

      The Google engineer accidentally altered the code to physics. Strange stuff can happen when you screw with some of the constants governing friction and momentum.

    • Typical 1%er not wearing a seatbelt, they're especially prone to doing it when they're being driven by someone else.

      High-end go-karts with their incredible grip and half-height seats can actually crack a driver's ribs just from cornering forces though.

  • by American AC in Paris ( 230456 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:22PM (#57494402) Homepage

    These two yutzes cause a crash on the freeway and they don't even bother to stop and check if the other people are injured?

    They don't even bother reporting the crash to the authorities, they just driiive on back to HQ and hush it up?

    "Former Top Waymo Engineer Altered Code To Go On Forbidden Routes" is not the headline I would have chosen for this story, folks.

    • These two yutzes cause a crash on the freeway and they don't even bother to stop and check if the other people are injured?

      If you don' t know something, just make it up? Who said they didn't stop?

      They don't even bother reporting the crash to the authorities, they just driiive on back to HQ and hush it up?

      Who said that? From TFA: "On our end, we have always abided by all reporting requirements, including those covering regular car accidents, as well as the CA DMV regulations on autonomous testing that went into effect in 2014."

      Do you have some cite for information that says they did not report this accident, one that you're keeping secret from the law enforcement authorities who would like to know about it?

      • by chispito ( 1870390 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:43PM (#57494514)

        If you don' t know something, just make it up? Who said they didn't stop?...Do you have some cite for information that says they did not report this accident, one that you're keeping secret from the law enforcement authorities who would like to know about it?

        I am not blaming you. The summary quotes the horrible Ars writeup, which itself butchers the New Yorker piece. In the New Yorker piece, it explicitly states about the incident

        The Prius regained control and turned a corner on the freeway, leaving the Camry behind. Levandowski and Taylor didn’t know how badly damaged the Camry was. They didn’t go back to check on the other driver or to see if anyone else had been hurt. Neither they nor other Google executives made inquiries with the authorities. The police were not informed that a self-driving algorithm had contributed to the accident.

        The quote from Ars doesn't even make it explicitly clear that the "forbidden route" was involved with the near miss which led to the Camry crashing. It should be noted, however, that the Camry driver was by all accounts at fault in that scenario. It sounds like the Camry thought he could be more aggressive and overtake the Prius, but the Prius (human or robot) has the right of way.

    • Who Does the time for HIT and RUN (crime) and in some cases felony if the crash causes death, injury, or damage to attended property in excess of a certain dollar amount.

      That is something that can't just hide under some EULA as it's not an civil case.

      • by twebb72 ( 903169 )
        Seriously, why are there not criminal charges pending? Perhaps they stopped and reported it. But had they done that, why did the PR at Waymo not cite the police report? Conversely, a police report would have been created for the victim in the case of a hit and run -- where is the investigation into the Camry? Shoddy journalism. Fairly one sided view of the incident
        • Seriously, why are there not criminal charges pending? Perhaps they stopped and reported it. But had they done that, why did the PR at Waymo not cite the police report? Conversely, a police report would have been created for the victim in the case of a hit and run -- where is the investigation into the Camry? Shoddy journalism. Fairly one sided view of the incident

          Read the New Yorker piece. They did not stop, report the incident, or check with authorities.

          The Prius regained control and turned a corner on the freeway, leaving the Camry behind. Levandowski and Taylor didn’t know how badly damaged the Camry was. They didn’t go back to check on the other driver or to see if anyone else had been hurt. Neither they nor other Google executives made inquiries with the authorities. The police were not informed that a self-driving algorithm had contributed to the accident.

          • Actually, I take it back. The article does imply they reported it, via NOT mentioning that an AV was involved.
            • No, I think you had the correct interpretation before.

              Neither they nor other Google executives made inquiries with the authorities.

              "No inquiries with the authorities" certainly implies no report. I don't think it means that they reported it but weren't nice enough to ask whether they killed somebody.

              The police were not informed that a self-driving algorithm had contributed to the accident.

              I don't think this provides evidence that they reported it at all; it says only that they didn't report that it was the

        • by jittles ( 1613415 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @05:35PM (#57494830)

          Seriously, why are there not criminal charges pending? Perhaps they stopped and reported it. But had they done that, why did the PR at Waymo not cite the police report? Conversely, a police report would have been created for the victim in the case of a hit and run -- where is the investigation into the Camry? Shoddy journalism. Fairly one sided view of the incident

          If they were not involved in the accident they are not obligated to stop or report anything. Unless I misread the article, they were not in an accident. AN idiot who does not know how to merge was in a single car accident, unless I am mistaken.

      • by commodore64_love ( 1445365 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @05:37PM (#57494846) Journal

        WHAT hit and run? There was NO hit (the Google car was never impacted). It reminds me of when I was cruising down the interstate, and the guy behind me was distracted (probably on his phone)...... he came up behind me very rapidly, suddenly saw my car with mere feet to spare, and turned hard to avoid me (eventually hitting the guard rail).

        I thought "Should I stop?" and then remembered I'm in a flyover state where they own guns & quick to anger. So I kept going thinking "I didn't do anything wrong. I was in my lane, driving 65, never deviating from my course

        "I can't help if the idiot CRASHED HIMSELF without any intervention by me." Same with the google car, which did not cause the Camry to crash.... the Camry driver crashed himself with reckless, uncontrolled swerving.

        • by sphealey ( 2855 )

          - - - - - - WHAT hit and run? There was NO hit (the Google car was never impacted). - - - - -

          Unless a video still exists we will never know exactly what happened, and as discussed above a driver that causes an accident by violating the norms and conventions of a maneuver and/or region can always fall back to the letter of the law to claim they weren't at fault.

          With that said, your statement raises a bit of concern for the future in that if autonomous vehicles are good at anything it will be dancing around

        • It would have been nice had you placed a call to 911 indicating that someone may have been injured, given the possibility and that you didn't check.

        • All of us appreciate your ugly, bigoted classist smear against ordinary Americans. Keep punching down. Speak truth to the powerless!
    • by Roger W Moore ( 538166 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:44PM (#57494526) Journal

      These two yutzes cause a crash on the freeway and they don't even bother to stop and check if the other people are injured?

      Doesn't that actually depend on who has to give way when merging? In most countries, traffic merging has to give way to that on the main road. If this is true in California while the safer thing to do would have been to slow down and let the Camry in what was preventing the Camry from slowing down and merging in behind i.e. giving way to existing traffic as it merged?

      While the software could have taken steps to avoid this behaviour that it not the same thing as saying that it caused the accident. If you leave your house door open and you get burgled you have not caused your house to be burgled nor have you done anything wrong you just failed to anticipate that your actions would encourage bad behaviour by others.

      • by MachineShedFred ( 621896 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:58PM (#57494622) Journal

        In the United States, and specifically in California, the traffic entering the highway yields to traffic already on the highway.

        If there was no collision between the cars, then the Camry was at fault. They should have moderated their speed (read: slow down) and merged behind the Prius instead of trying to outrun it before the auxiliary lane went away. Bad, aggressive driving was responsible for this wreck.

        • California needs to add "Yield" signs to the end of its ramps. Growing-up in the northeast I saw those signs everywhere, but in California? Almost never. Californians have no clue they are supposed to yield. They don't know the basic rules of the road.

          - Another thing common in other states is "Left Lane Passing Only" but those signs don't seem to exist in Cali, so people just hang out in the left lane, even when not passing.

          - And one more complaint: Where are the minimum speed signs? Many states have

          • by sphealey ( 2855 )

            It is amazing how much new infrastructure "needs" to be built and how many global and regional conventions and norms of practical driving that human beings "must" unlearn in order for high-tech 'autonomous' vehicles to work.

          • I don't recall any of the three examples ever existing in any state (including the northeast). Except sometimes a two-lane (on each side) highway has that "left for passing only" sign. What states are you talking about.

      • traffic merging has to give way to that on the main road. If this is true in California ...

        It is. Making room for merging traffic is polite, but not a legal obligation. As described in TFA, the accident was the fault of the Camry's human driver.

      • by tsqr ( 808554 )

        While the software could have taken steps to avoid this behaviour that it not the same thing as saying that it caused the accident.

        FromTFA: Levandowski, rather than being cowed by the incident, later defended it as an invaluable source of data, an opportunity to learn how to avoid similar mistakes.

        If the self-driving car wasn't at fault, why did Levandowski consider the incident something that should be avoided in the future?

        I keep seeing the claim that self-driving cars don't have to be perfect; they only have to be better than human drivers. This is not a case of a self-driving car being better than your average human driver, becau

        • As long as self-driving cars and human-driven cars mingle on the roads, the self-driving cars should err on the side of excessive caution rather than insisting on legal right-of-way.

          Won't work. If the car is recognizable as self-driving, and it is known to be super cautious, people will stop yielding to it. It needs to be driving like a human, claiming its space, and forcing other cars to brake to avoid accidents.

          • by tsqr ( 808554 )

            As long as self-driving cars and human-driven cars mingle on the roads, the self-driving cars should err on the side of excessive caution rather than insisting on legal right-of-way.

            Won't work. If the car is recognizable as self-driving, and it is known to be super cautious, people will stop yielding to it. It needs to be driving like a human, claiming its space, and forcing other cars to brake to avoid accidents.

            Possibly. Of course, anyone violating another car''s right of way is violating the law and subject to being ticketed. I guess how effective that would be depends upon how zealous law enforcement is. Seems like an easy local revenue enhancement move to me.

      • by MDMurphy ( 208495 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @08:08PM (#57495472)

        while the safer thing to do would have been to slow down and let the Camry in what was preventing the Camry from slowing down and merging in behind i.e. giving way to existing traffic as it merged?

        I've been screwed by the people who think slowing down to "let merging traffic in" is safer. I enter an onramp and adjust my speed to slip behind the person in the lane. What do they do? Slow down as well, hanging out in my blind spot as I run out of onramp. If you're on the road maintain your speed, don't speed up to cut someone off but don't slow down either. Then the person who's merging knows where you are and how fast you're going. If I see a slow vehicle merging onto the road and it seems we might be trying to share the same space I'll change lanes to the left, leaving them the lane to merge into. I do not alter my speed except to avoid an accident with an idiot who doesn't know how to enter a freeway.

        • People cannot always move over to the left lane if there's no gap there, or if that lane is moving much faster. The cannot always keep their speed either, because there may not be a gap big enough on the lane you're trying to merge in. When they slow down, the gap in front of them gets bigger, and you can safely slip in there.

    • These two yutzes cause a crash on the freeway and they don't even bother to stop and check if the other people are injured?

      They don't even bother reporting the crash to the authorities, they just driiive on back to HQ and hush it up?

      "Former Top Waymo Engineer Altered Code To Go On Forbidden Routes" is not the headline I would have chosen for this story, folks.

      They most definitely did NOT cause an accident. The driver who is merging needs to actually MERGE and not just assume that people are going to let him in. Typically if they have their indicator on, I will adjust my speed to help them merge but it sounds like the driver of the other vehicle did not try to speed up or slow down. That is their problem and not Google's. Too many people just putter on down the on-ramp not even acting like they're getting onto a freeway or interstate. Sure there are areas wh

    • by msauve ( 701917 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:51PM (#57494568)
      "These two yutzes cause a crash on the freeway"

      You're not reading the same summary the rest of us are. They didn't cause any accident. It was the Camry which was merging onto the freeway. No doubt one of those assholes who merges - not by looking for a gap in traffic, positioning and adjusting speed - but by simply letting the white line on the outside of the merge lane "push" them into traffic, which they expect to make way for them. The Waymo car didn't do that, nor was it required to. The Camry continued to drive on the shoulder, and the Camry driver caused their own crash.
      • Comment removed based on user account deletion
      • by mjwx ( 966435 )

        "These two yutzes cause a crash on the freeway"

        You're not reading the same summary the rest of us are. [b]They didn't cause any accident. It was the Camry which was merging onto the freeway. No doubt one of those assholes who merges - not by looking for a gap in traffic[/b], positioning and adjusting speed - but by simply letting the white line on the outside of the merge lane "push" them into traffic, which they expect to make way for them. The Waymo car didn't do that, nor was it required to. The Camry continued to drive on the shoulder, and the Camry driver caused their own crash.

        You clearly don't drive.

        This shit is standard the world over, Australia, UK, California... You always get idiots that do not look and assume everyone else will look out for them. Phone uses, people putting on lipstick, people who are just plain arrogant and assume they always have right of way (and woe betide anyone who has the audacity to hit THEM). This is yet another sign that autonomous cars are not ready for general consumption, they're assuming that everything else will follow the rules and cannot

        • by msauve ( 701917 )
          "You clearly don't drive."

          You clearly don't know what the fuck you're talking about.

          Whoosh. Most people, including myself, will try to accommodate those assholes. But that's not always possible, sometimes there's other traffic which prevents moving over. And it's dangerous for freeway traffic to make sudden speed changes when someone thinks they can merge into 70 MPH traffic when they're going 50. It's up to the merging traffic to, well, merge. That means more than just driving onto the freeway without
    • by mysidia ( 191772 )

      Well; they didn't exactly cause a crash on the freeway --- they clearly contributed to creating the setting by which events occured. By the sounds of it: the self-driving car was apparently very inconsiderate and didn't let a Camry merge on - a very bad move the safety driver should've intervened on, which resulted in a scenario arising the Camry driver had a duty to anticipate and respond to in a safe manner but was apparently unprepared for: causing an accident, and the Camry would have been 100%

      • > By the sounds of it: the self-driving car was apparently very inconsiderate and didn't let a Camry merge on - a very bad move

        In my home state slowing down to allow a car to Merge will get you a ticket (very rare but I've seen it happen). THEIR LANE is the one that has the "Yield" sign so it is their job to do so, not the cars already in the main flow of traffic

        • by tsqr ( 808554 )

          In my home state slowing down to allow a car to Merge will get you a ticket

          So if a self-driving car slows down to allow a car to merge, who gets the ticket? The non-driver? The software developer? The bureaucrat who decided it was a good idea to let self-driving cars onto public roads along with human drivers?

        • In my home state slowing down to allow a car to Merge will get you a ticket

          So the minimum speed on the freeway is the same as the maximum ? That's stupid.

          THEIR LANE is the one that has the "Yield" sign

          And what are they supposed to do when they run out of lane ? Just wait until nightfall ?

          • by mysidia ( 191772 )

            And what are they supposed to do when they run out of lane ? Just wait until nightfall ?

            If you didn't get a merge opening at the speed of traffic before you nearly ran out of acceleration lane and had to stop, then you stop
            and wait as long as necessary: until there is a large enough break in traffic to safely get on.

            Because a marge is a YOU-YIELD and not a signaled situation, not a 4-way stop, not a situation where other vehicles eventually have
            to let you through --- there is no guarantee that you wo

        • by mysidia ( 191772 )

          In my home state slowing down to allow a car to Merge will get you a ticket

          Don't slow down too much. Also, don't suddenly slow down by a great amount if there is a vehicle close behind.

          The DMV rules from their manual say it best

          * Merging Courtesy

          When traveling in the right lane, courtesy dictates that you move over to allow a truck to merge. Be careful when pulling behind a truck which has just entered the
          highway

          * Merging
          As you merge, make sure you are traveling the same speed as oth

      • by sphealey ( 2855 )

        - - - - - Well; they didn't exactly cause a crash on the freeway --- they clearly contributed to creating the setting by which events occured. By the sounds of it: the self-driving car was apparently very inconsiderate and didn't let a Camry merge on - a very bad move the safety driver should've intervened on, which resulted in a scenario arising the Camry driver had a duty to anticipate and respond to in a safe manner but was apparently unprepared for: causing an accident, and the Camry would have been 1

    • who doesn't want too much scrutiny on a new line of business that you probably invested in then yeah, you'd probably write the headline exactly like that.

      See here [wikipedia.org] for a much lengthier explanation of the phenomenon.
  • In the rush to market these so-called 'self driving cars', how many other 'incidents' have been swept under the rug, quietly settled out of court, or otherwise hushed up? We're talking about at least Google (and it's offspring) here, so 'ethics' don't particularly enter into the equation anymore. How may 'incidents' in recent days have been kept out of the headlines?
    • by klingens ( 147173 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:41PM (#57494504)

      I might sound callous to you but this has always been the case.
      Explorers who sought India, how many expeditions died? How many of them found what they actually sought? How many flight pioneers died so now we can travel to a beach resort two times a year? How many people died so far in rockets? How many people died before we thought "Hey, seatbelts would be a swell idea!". Airbags too but seatbelts would have been a possible tech from 1900 onwards while an airbag is much harder to build.

      New and possibly dangerous technology will always kill a number of people before it is made safe enough for the average user and commoditized. Driverless cars are even at the very beginning, so there will be many more deaths and injuries in the future I'd think before driverless cars will be common day usage.

      • by Anonymous Coward
        What a bunch of horseshit. We don't NEED self driving cars. We NEED reforms of driver education, driver training, and driver testing. We NEED to re-test drivers more often, so we can remove incompetent drivers from the roads. They can fucking call Uber/Lyft/a family member/take a bus/walk for all I care. Making everyone else who is a safe and competent driver pay for it by having to put up with inadequate technology that cannot and never will be properly up to the task of driving a car is BULLSHIT. There wi
        • Nah, we need autonomous driving.

          There are a huge number of benefits once we finally cross the threshold of 100% autonomous drivers. There will be a day, far in the future, when a car crashes and causes a traffic jam and it makes national headlines. You'll see posts on reddit's successor about how kids these days don't understand the past horrors of having to be awake for a 35 minute commute to work BOTH WAYS. You can train people as much as you want - you'll never reach that level if you don't just get thei

          • And yet people are infinitely more intelligent and able to handle edge cases than some differential equations. I also look forward to seeing how we'll be passing 100% with some interest. Perhaps cowbells will be involved.

    • How may 'incidents' in recent days have been kept out of the headlines?

      'Incidents' is the right word for this story. The Camry refused to properly yield and then crashed itself. That's just another Tuesday with humans driving. If anything it demonstrates the need to get that driver off the road and into an autonomous vehicle which doesn't emotionally refuse to submit to the right of way of someone other than themselves.

  • Someone gets nearly killed with an Exec. in the car and yet the project continued. Lives are just another "cost of doing business" I guess
    • Someone gets nearly killed with an Exec. in the car and yet the project continued.

      Meanwhile, human drivers kill 3000 people per day worldwide, over a million deaths annually.

      Maybe you should be concerned about the million deaths, rather than the zero that Waymo has killed so far.

      • Meanwhile, human drivers kill 3000 people per day worldwide, over a million deaths annually.

        Maybe you should be concerned about the million deaths, rather than the zero that Waymo has killed so far.

        Comparing the fatalities of over a billion cars, most in parts of the world with abysmal road conditions and little traffic management to Waymo's fleet with its 'forbidden routes' would have sound like a great argument to the Execs. I'm sure "million's" are exactly what were in their minds or perhaps billions or even trillions

    • Anthony was just wishing it had been those CMU guys that kicked over his motorcycle.

  • by bobstreo ( 1320787 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @04:31PM (#57494460)

    some flashing lights and rotating blades to the front, and some Roman chariot-like scythes to the wheels. Would probably eliminate most pedestrian issues, one way or the other. /s

  • California Road Law (Score:2, Informative)

    by Anonymous Coward

    Freeway traffic always has the right of way. It is the duty of the person merging onto the freeway to adjust their speed accordingly. This includes speeding up to prevent cutting people off.

    https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/dmv/detail/pubs/hdbk/merg_pass

    • by Anonymous Coward

      Rules matter. I hate when the car I am going to merge behind slows down âoeto be nice and let me inâ. If you want to be nice, drive at a constant speed so I can figure out where to merge. Same when I am at a side road waiting to turn left onto a main road, and someone on the main road stops to turn left into the side road, and âoeis nice and waves at me to turn firstâ. I know someone who was badly hurt by following a wave like that. And it usually wastes time; if they followed the r

  • The idiot in the Camry failed to yield and caused their own accident.

    In no way should the car in the lane they were trying to merge into slow down. That's not how it is supposed to work.

    That just pisses everyone off behind them and leads to dangerous lane changes as people try and avoid the speed change.

    This is right up there with idiots who get on highways at 40mph when traffic is doing 70+. This is fully the merger's fault

    • Not sure if this a Canada/Ontario thing, but there's a really frustrating experience that I see ALL the time.

      I'm on the ramp, about to join the highway. I'm doing around 100km/h and 'tracking' the vehicle in the right hand lane in my peripheral vision. If they're going faster than me, I might let off the gas just enough so I can slip in behind them. If they're going slow than me (e.g. even though I'm doing highway speed on the ramp, I'm going to end up joining ahead of them), I'll speed up just enough
  • My first thought was this was just like the Uber car in Arizona, where the so-called "safety driver" was too busy staring at a screen to actually watch the road. But if you believe the original New Yorker article [newyorker.com], this was even worse -- he may have actually been deliberately sitting there letting the situation play out for his benefit:

    Levandowski, rather than being cowed by the incident, later defended it as an invaluable source of data, an opportunity to learn how to avoid similar mistakes . He sent colleagues an e-mail with video of the near-collision. Its subject line was “Prius vs. Camry.”

    That's fairly disturbing if true.

  • Recently I had a scenario in which a car was trying to merge on a four lane freeway. I was passing a semi when I noticed this car coming up the ramp ahead. It's doubtful to me that a computer would think to accelerate an additional 20 MPH to get out of the way of a semi that wants to get out of the way of a car. As far as it's sensors could probably tell, there wasn't any threat of a collision, just a turn signal from a vehicle that it's passing anyway. However, I was aware the ramp was short, the semi long

  • by WoodstockJeff ( 568111 ) on Wednesday October 17, 2018 @06:00PM (#57494958) Homepage

    > As The New Yorker wrote: "A human driver could easily have handled the situation by slowing down and letting the Camry merge into traffic ..."

    Rather funny to read anything that involves a "New Yorker" suggesting that human driver would exercise courtesy, let alone courtesy that wasn't required by law....

  • You can't have cake unless you break a couple spines.
  • "A human driver could easily..." Bullshit. Human drivers are the worst. A drunk monkey could do better than most humans who are distracted by their pretty phones.
  • So the big problem here is that the car didn't yield to someone (who was supposed to yield) and that person drove like a maniac onto the shoulder then flew across the highway? I don't think driverless AI is there yet. But the failure here was the man that was trying to merge, not the AI not knowing to be kind and courteous to others on the road. (which really, how many people on the road are kind and courteous anyway? this sounds about like a regular situation to me)

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