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Transportation

Should We Plan For a Future With Fewer Cars? (nytimes.com) 396

The New York Times ran a detailed piece (with some neat interactive graphics) arguing "cities need to plan for a future of fewer cars, a future in which owning an automobile, even an electric one, is neither the only way nor the best way to get around town..."

It asks us to imagine a world where there's suddenly more room for two-way bike lanes, wider sidewalks, and car-free bus lanes. But it also looks at our current conundrum: Automobiles are not just dangerous and bad for the environment; they are also profoundly wasteful of the land around us, taking up way too much physical space to transport too few people... And cars take up space even while they're not in use. They need to be parked, which consumes yet more space on the sides of streets or in garages. Cars take up a lot of space even when they're just looking for parking... New York's drivers are essentially being given enormous tracts of land for their own pleasure and convenience. To add to the overall misery of the situation, though, even the drivers are not especially happy about the whole deal, because despite all the roadway they've been given, they're still stuck in gridlock...

"The one thing we know for sure, because we understand geometry, is that if everyone drives, nobody moves," Brent Toderian, the former chief planner for the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, told me. Even if you're a committed daily driver, "it's in your best interest for walking, biking and public transit to be as attractive as possible for everyone else — because that means you're going to be able to drive easier..." Instead of fighting a war on cars, Toderian told me, urbanists should fight a war on car dependency — on cities that leave residents with few choices other than cars. Alleviating car dependency can improve commutes for everyone in a city...

At the moment, many of the most intractable challenges faced by America's urban centers stem from the same cause — a lack of accessible physical space. We live in a time of epidemic homelessness. There's a national housing affordability crisis caused by an extreme shortage of places to live. And now there's a contagion that thrives on indoor overcrowding.

Given these threats, how can American cities continue to justify wasting such enormous tracts of land on death machines?

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Should We Plan For a Future With Fewer Cars?

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  • by Rick Schumann ( 4662797 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:18PM (#60290662) Journal
    Not everyone lives in or wants to live in a big city, nor should they. These 'solutions' only apply to cities, not suburbs or rural areas.
    Also if we're to have an endless string of 'pandemics' like some are saying, then 'public transit' becomes the 'death machines' not cars.
    • by Brama ( 80257 )

      Yes, that is 'fair'. Except for the suburbs in metropolitan areas as they would greatly benefit from good public transport since most residents work in the city center anyway. If you can get to a station within 5 minutes walking of your house, and your work is also within similar walking range, then I bet many people would think twice before taking their car. Looking at home values in metropolitan areas, proximity to such stations directly translates into higher values.

      I do hope that remote working is here

      • Except that if everyones' job can be done 'remotely', i.e. they don't do anything with anything physical, then what sort of country are we living in?
        Someone has to produce food and goods and provide services that require you to physically be there. Very few jobs really can be done 'remotely'.
        • by Brama ( 80257 )

          Not everyone, but even say 10% would help.

        • by Junta ( 36770 )

          The jobs that undeniably require local presence tend to be more distributed in nature.

          For example, about 25 miles from here is where all the 'big companies' have their big campuses. They pretty much drive nearly all the problematic congestion (common commutes are in the 30 mile area, so you have an ~30 mile radius of people condense into a tiny area and then expand back out every day). These are mostly office workers who could work from home a large amount.

          Meanwhile, the places that really demand people be

      • by I75BJC ( 4590021 )
        The problem with "Fairness" is that what is "Fair" to Person A is unfair to Person B.
        "Fairness" may bring compromise but rarely endorsements.
    • "Not everyone lives in or wants to live in a big city, nor should they."

      But most people do; this is why they are big, of course. Suburban areas, US style, largely exist because they are necessitated by the car. If you redesign your cities so that people live closer to where they need to be, then suburbia would start to disappear and be replaced by living districts

      • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

        Oh for fuck's sake I've heard all these arguments over and over again and it changes nothing not everyone wants to live in a damned big city and no one should force them to either! *I* don't want to live in a city; I don't know anyone who does. Why should we be forced to live in a big city? We shouldn't and wouldn't accept it.
        • Considering that most people live in cities, yet you don't know anyone who wants to, you must be pretty much alone in this world.

    • by I75BJC ( 4590021 )
      Really? Only applies to cities and not suburbs?
      Have you really kept up with American politics?
      Even Al Gore, 2000 Democrat presidential candidate, declared that the suburbs to be unwanted "urban sprawl". During that campaign, the Democrats declared war on the suburbs and make all kinds of threats. Some of those threats continue to this day.

      Does any Government in the USA have specialized plans? From my experience dealing with multiple Government plans, One-Size-Fits-All is the mindset of the Governmen
  • by dmay34 ( 6770232 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:18PM (#60290666)
    If you WANT less cars, you should plan for less cars. Decrease highway spending. Increase pedestrian and public transit spending. Increase development density. Add parking maximums to new developments. You get the city you plan for.
    • by scamper_22 ( 1073470 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @07:48PM (#60291702)

      People take mass transit when mass transit makes sense.

      For example, I live in a suburb of Toronto. I take the regional rail to work, which happens to be near union station. I have a car. I actually do love driving. But it just makes sense for me to take transit. It's quicker and my work place is right near the terminal. It has nothing to do with money. Heck, even if it transit cost more, I'd still use transit right now. I literally don't know anyone in my office who drives to work. People come from all over the burbs and even more rural areas. They take the train. People who live in the city take the subway/walk/street car...

      Here's the thing, it's my first job that I'm actually able to do this. Before this, all my work places were in suburban office parks. There is just very little you can do to incentivize me to take transit those days or punish me from driving to get me to switch. It just wasn't feasible. The suburban office parks just weren't designed with transit in mind.

      You are absolutely right that you get the city you plan for. But that's the issue. PLANNING. Not spending. Not parking maximums. Not even density. Just simple planning. You'll note that I don't even consider density planning. because here's a dirty secret, residential density doesn't really matter that much. Commercial density does. As I said, I like most of the people in my office take transit to work as it's located at a major rail terminal. Yet, I know a lot of people who live downtown in condos and in the city, who actually have to own a car... and drive to the burbs for work. Just plan things appropriately. You can plan high rise density well. You can plan suburbs and single family housing well. Those aren't the issues at all. It's just basic planning. Plan it right so it makes sense for people to go where they need do and they will take transit.

      Don't punish people or think incentives are going to work.
      Rather, build transit. Relocate employers to transit friendly nodes.

      People aren't clinging to their cars for kicks. As I said, I have no issues taking transit. This is just my first job, it made even remote sense for me to take it. I love driving and still do. Were I to get another job in a not so friendly transit location, I'll be driving. No amount of taxes or subsidies is going to change the reality of how people look at getting from A to B.

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by Solandri ( 704621 )
      TFA misidentifies the problem. The problem isn't cars. The problem is people don't want to live in urban block housing. They want a a big house with a lawn and a backyard. This means they end up living in suburbia, and commuting to their job in the city. Since mass transit doesn't work so well in suburbia, they all end up owning their own cars and driving them everywhere, including into the city.

      Public transport is better in East Asia and most of Europe because people there didn't have much say in the m
  • by dgatwood ( 11270 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:19PM (#60290668) Homepage Journal

    The problem is not the cars; it's the pedestrians, or rather, pedestrians sharing the same vertical layer with cars. You have a huge number of people who can move only at a slow walking pace, and you put them on the same layer as the cars, and then you wonder why there's gridlock. And then, to "solve" the problem, folks are proposing not speeding everyone up to the speed of cars, but rather slowing everyone else down to the speed of pedestrians. That solution is exactly backwards.

    We've already solved this problem completely, from a design perspective. It's expensive to implement in existing cities, and nobody wants to spend the money to do it, but in principle, the solution is trivial:

    • Mandate construction of pedestrian bridges and walkways at the second floor level for every building, without exception.
    • Mandate access to businesses from those walkways.
    • Ban pedestrians below the second floor level unless you're inside a parking garage.

    Boom. No more gridlock.

    In practice, you might have to make some allowances for existing buildings, like allowing the walkways to be on the outside of the building at the second-floor level, with exterior elevators and stairs down to existing entrances on the first floor, but either way, you get the idea. The goal should be no crosswalks, period, eliminating street parking to the maximum extent possible, and ensuring zero interaction between pedestrians and traffic.

    • Yeah, high rise, separated walk ways and roads. We've done that, in the late 60s and early 70s. It makes for a hideous urban environment. And didn't solve the problems of gridlock because at the other end you have to have a car parks where people change from being in a car to being out of it.

    • One approach for new construction might be to have buildings face inward, to walkable space inside city blocks, isolating pedestrians from traffic znd allowing sidewalks to be eliminated for faster, more efficient traffic flow. Pedestrian space could be as simple as a shopping street, or could include parks, food courts, and entertainment areas, like the old European plazas. The traffic interface would be parking garages on each block facing each other across traffic streets, forming convenient places for b

      • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

        You could do that, but if you put the walkway level on the second floor, you can make the entire ground floor be parking garage space, and you get the same advantages without having to change floors whenever you cross a roadway.

    • by dunkelfalke ( 91624 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @04:32PM (#60290976)

      This idiocy has been tried in the sixties. It doesn't work. Automotive cities don't work. Cars are the problem, not the pedestrians.

    • by Chasqui ( 601659 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @09:48PM (#60291934)
      IAAUP (I am an urban planner). I do not have moderator points to mark this as overrated.

      A bit of history lets us know that this idea is not new. Grade separation hit its hey-day in the US in the late 60' and early 70's. It was tried in a couple of ways. In Dallas, for example, pedestrian tunnels in downtown were supposed to be an air-conditioned panacea. In northern cities (eg Milwaukee), pedestrian skyways connecting buildings would keep people out of the cold. All the while cars and trucks would speed by uninhibited at the "street" level.

      This did not work. It does not work. These facilities are closed, closing, or diminished. Where they still are used they do not add to the pedestrian experience and certainly do not make driving better.

      What these grade-separated facilities do is help is kill downtown activity making for a sterile and lifeless downtown. We are physiologically at ease on the ground with the sky above us. Ask an urban designer - or heck, experience this yourself - there are exterior "room" dimensions that work. Too big a space and we feel exposed. Too small and it feels claustrophobic. Tunnels and skyways are not that ideal. The real answer is making these dense areas more navigable with "slow" transportation. Pedestrian, bikes, and, yes, scooters, should have the highest priority. Grade separation was tried. It just doesn't work because as pedestrians, we want to be "on the ground".

  • The myopic NYT (Score:5, Insightful)

    by gavron ( 1300111 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:22PM (#60290684)

    That's great if you live in New York City, with it's thousands of yellow cabs, Uber and Lyft cars, and even bicycle style public transportation. Dense living means lots of job opportunities for drivers, and a lot of businesses close by to walk to.

    Out in the US desert southwest (Arizona) the sparsely populated area does include dozens of cabs (45-60 minute arrival time, and prices through the roof), a hundred or so ride-share (15-30 minute arrival time except during busy times where 45-60 is the norm), and no alternatives other than having your own car.

    Worse, when the temperature is 108F (42C) just standing outside in the sun waiting at the driveway's edge for rideshare can be unhealthy for older people, compromised health people, small children, etc.

    And finally, most cabs and ride-shares don't take pets. So if you're trying to get your dog or cat a checkup, shots, or whatever, you NEED your own car.

    Sorry, NYT. Time to get glasses so you can see past "The City".

    Ehud Gavron
    Tucson, AZ - Yes, it's really that hot.

  • Absolutely, we should. I don't know of anybody who enjoys wasting time sitting in their cars every day, commuting. I love driving my car, but I don't appreciate spending hours every day in it to commute. I'm actively moving to a place with mass transit, just for this reason. I don't want to live in a car-based society any more, and I don't think I'm the only one.
    • Re:Yes, we should (Score:4, Interesting)

      by phantomfive ( 622387 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:55PM (#60290818) Journal
      I spent the last year without a car. I live next to a train station, and my work is next to a train station (now I work from home). It's extremely convenient for getting to and from work, and actually I can get anywhere else using a combination of buses, Uber, and rental cars.

      In the end I gave up and bought a car because it's so much more convenient. Yes, I have a supermarket next to my house, and I can walk there conveniently, but sometimes I want to go to Home Depot, and I don't want to take 90 minutes to get there.

      Also, Uber is not pleasant.
  • The aspiration for cities should be to try to reduce the number of trips that require a car; the number of cars naturally follows that. I have no problem riding my bicycle in traffic, but far too many people are only comfortable riding a bike on the sidewalk.

    Until a bike lane actually carries more passengers than a road lane for cars (even factoring in busses), you aren’t going to be able to make it practical from an urban planning perspective. Despite having lived in many bike-friendly places over

  • The new normal (Score:4, Interesting)

    by erick99 ( 743982 ) * <homerun@gmail.com> on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:30PM (#60290710)
    I am a professor at a college about an hour each way. I am used to filling my tank every week. We went online in early March and I doubt I have used 20 gallons of gas since then. That may change in the fall. This virus has demonstrated that not all interactions have to be face-to-face. I'm sure businesses have enjoyed the drop in that expense. And Zoom has enjoyed the new subscriptions. Anyway, I'm sure you get the idea.
  • by King_TJ ( 85913 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:31PM (#60290714) Journal

    If you're going to label cars "death machines", we already know you're on the side of eliminating them.

    Mass transit is the lowest common denominator of transportation in cities. People use it when it's offered, mostly because the city is designed to purposely encourage taking it vs using a car. (Look at Washington DC for example. Driving around is downright driver-hostile between all the speed and red light cameras, complicated traffic patterns that tend to change based on time of day, random street closures, incredibly expensive parking and traffic bottlenecks at places like bridge entrances.) But it loses money constantly and metro fares keep going up and up anyway. Finally doing a lot of deferred maintenance to improve the terrible reliability now -- but can't even provide anywhere near 24 hour service (closes around 10PM to midnight at the latest).

    But especially for people who don't necessarily want to limit themselves to only going places IN the city, a car is a far more useful solution. It's the only sensible option if you live outside a city, and we'd all be better off if we spread out some more and did that....

    • It's possible they walk the walk I guess, but I'm going to make a guess the writers of the article have no intention of ever giving up their cars or have their kids be poor enough to be among the people their preferred policies would deprive of cars.

    • by DogDude ( 805747 )

      It's the only sensible option if you live outside a city, and we'd all be better off if we spread out some more and did that....

      No, we wouldn't. We'd destroy the climate much faster if we did that.

    • It's the only sensible option if you live outside a city, and we'd all be better off if we spread out some more and did that....

      Did I ever tell you you the definition of insanity?

  • there isn't enough to make a car for everyone on the plant who wants one. Birth rates are declining so that will probably not last forever but I'm not sure if the rate of population decrease will be fast enough to keep up with the demand.
    • Run out of metal? No. There is plenty of iron and aluminum on planet earth, and both are readily recyclable, too.

  • by mamba-mamba ( 445365 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @03:43PM (#60290760)

    In the logan's run utopia where everyone is under 30 years old and healthy, biking everywhere is great. But in the real world where some people have disabilities or are just too old and weak to walk or ride bikes, we will need to make sure that some form of highly inclusive accomodation is made for others. A lot of young parents want to live near their parents to help out with childcare and so-on. They may also like to all go out places from time to time whether it is to sit on a park bench and watch the kids play or whatever. It is not enough to have some klunky, cumbersome way that old people can get to places. There needs to be inclusive accommodation so that groups of people with mixed levels of ability and vigor can all go out together.

    I am not saying that we need to keep cars. I am saying that if you want to eliminate cars without creating a debacle, you should not just hand wave away all the reasons why people use cars now. Maybe something similar to the handicapped parking placard can be used to allow people to drive in areas where cars are normally not allowed. I don't know.

    But it is entirely possible that the automobile-free utopia some people propose of high density housing near transit will actually lead to some type of dystopia if it is not implemented in a way that takes care of everyone.

    Right now people with means are moving out of denser areas as fast as they can, so it is not at all evident that people actually want to live in dense housing near transit.

    • by Mal-2 ( 675116 )

      It seems to me the correct vehicle for someone who wishes to blend into a "bicycle society" without having to pedal is an electric bicycle, not a car. The need to "armor up" to protect from other drivers and their armor is greatly reduced.

    • by Ichijo ( 607641 )

      "Nobody lives in dense housing near transit anymore. Those places are too crowded." --Yogi Berra

  • They will become useless once the teleporter is invented.
    • we have those, I'm working via one now. Your modem is your teleporter. Now I don't even have to go into the goddamn city... thank you coronavirus.

    • by Mal-2 ( 675116 )

      Unlikely. When your wizard hits 9th level and takes Teleportation Circle, do you use it for everything, or do you still sometimes travel over land? The teleporters may not let you go close enough to where you want to end up to justify using them.

  • by dskoll ( 99328 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @04:03PM (#60290850) Homepage

    Most North American cities are a real pain to live in unless you own a car, with a few exceptions such as those central parts of NYC, Toronto, etc. that are well-served by mass transit.

    If you want to reduce the number of cars, you have to design cities with mass transit in mind and that means denser cities with more people living in apartments and fewer people owning houses. That's the opposite of US cities such as San Diego, Dallas, Atlanta and Houston which are just godawful sprawls.

    Ride-sharing and roaming robocars are not the solution, IMO, for moving lots of people efficiently. Mass transit is really the only long-term solution.

    • Well yeah I think that's exactly what the article is advocating for.

      "Instead of fighting a war on cars, Toderian told me, urbanists should fight a war on car dependency â" on cities that leave residents with few choices other than cars. Alleviating car dependency can improve commutes for everyone in a city..."

  • It doesn't even have to be anything as drastic as "Population control" and all of the negative connotations tied into the phrase (However much I've started to sympathize with Thanos, none of us can snap our fingers and make it happen.) We don't need to limit the number of allowed births, or taxing second children into oblivion... We don't need to star (or end) a major war.

    We *DO* need out governments (and eventually businesses and entire economies) to stop relying on (and thus planning for and promoting) co

  • Yes. (Score:3, Insightful)

    by Qbertino ( 265505 ) <moiraNO@SPAMmodparlor.com> on Sunday July 12, 2020 @04:35PM (#60290992)

    Example: Germany.
    - 4.7 Billion Manhours per year and rising spent in traffic jams.
    - Cars waste huge amounts of resources, the most of which are wasted while the car is being built.
    - 95%+ of a cars lifetime is spent just standing around, unused. Clogging up valuable space.
    - When a car is in use, it's - on average - transporting 1.4 people at an average capacity of 4.6 people

    Cars and their general usage pattern are a bizarre waste of resources and bringing car usage down by orders of magnitude would largely benefit society. Robot cars won't change this all too much.

    So, yes, we shouldn't just plan for less cars, we should actively start moving traffic away from the private car.

  • Between the pandemic and the municipally-sanctioned riots, Americans are starting flee big cities. More of them will be using cars, not fewer.
    • If they could flee the big cities they would have long ago.
      • Not necessarily. A lot of them bought into the "new urbanism" thing. Heck, I lived in the city part of Brookline MA for a number of years in the past decade on account of it was a better commute for the wife. The 900 sq ft condos in my building rented for 3k+ and sold for for high 700s. Everyone living there could have had a 2500 sq ft house with a half acre or more of land if they so chose. But they liked being able to walk around the corner to Trader Joe's and taking the trolley to work. And I get it, I r
  • by AndyKron ( 937105 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @04:45PM (#60291042)
    Have less babies. Problem solved
  • Ok, criticizing the "environmental impact" worked pretty well, but now that this turncoat Trump-supporter [businessinsider.com] has made electric ones so cool, it is not as effective any more.

    Maybe, let start raising awareness of traffic and parking scarcity. Everyone knows about them, yes, but, in a novel twist, instead of improving the roads and adding parking space, let's argue for making roads more narrow, and parking spaces — fewer.

    Oh, and call it unethical — so that the next generation can make it illegal.

    • by cygnusvis ( 6168614 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @05:46PM (#60291302)

      How to promote Collective against the Individual?

      people will do what is in their best interest. If you want to promote collectivism, you need to make people think its in their best interest. Frankly, the only way to exact real change is to make it a women's issue and convince women that they would shun any man who think different, because in the end, the only issues that people care about are women's issues (thanks, evolution).

  • by walterbyrd ( 182728 ) on Sunday July 12, 2020 @10:19PM (#60292008)

    Amsterdam solved the problem ages ago.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKbRL6Opifg

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