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Communications of the ACM Asks: Is It Ethical To Work For Big Tech? (acm.org) 135

Long-time Slashdot reader theodp writes: Back in January, Rice University professor and former CACM Editor-in-Chief Moshe Y. Vardi wrote of the unintended consequences of social media and mobile computing in "Computing, You Have Blood on Your Hands!" To close out the year, Vardi addresses the role tech workers play in enabling dubious Big Tech business models — including now-powered-by-AI Big Tech Surveillance Capitalism — in an opinion piece titled "I Was Wrong about the Ethics Crisis."

Vardi writes: "The belief in the magical power of the free market always to serve the public good has no theoretical basis. In fact, our current climate crisis is a demonstrated market failure. To take an extreme example, Big Tobacco surely does not support the public good, and most of us would agree that it is unethical to work for Big Tobacco. The question, thus, is whether Big Tech is supporting the public good, and if not, what should Big Tech workers do about it. Of course, there is no simple answer to such a question, and the only reasonable answer to the question of whether it is ethical to work for Big Tech is, 'It depends.' [...] It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends on his not understanding it, said the writer and political activist Upton Sinclair. By and large, Big Tech workers do not seem to be asking themselves hard questions, I believe, hence my conclusion that we do indeed suffer from an ethics crisis."

Communications of the ACM Asks: Is It Ethical To Work For Big Tech?

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    • It is exceedingly difficult to convince someone of the truth when their paycheck depends on believing a lie.
      • Also s/paycheck/lifestyle/ and s/paycheck/culinary choices/. People are very often ready to die on their hills rather than make changes for the better.
      • by gweihir ( 88907 )

        It is also very difficult to convince that "just following orders" can be deeply wrong. This here is the civilian equivalent.

      • by dgatwood ( 11270 )

        It is exceedingly difficult to convince someone of the truth when their paycheck depends on believing a lie.

        It is exceedingly difficult to convince someone of a position when they have already come to a different conclusion. The argument that people in tech believe a lie is, in my experience, not actually true.

        There are very vocal communities inside a lot of tech companies that push for social good, that push back against user-hostile decisions, that criticize things that they feel the company is doing wrong, and that do so on an ongoing basis. The result tends to be a course correction — maybe not instan

    • by leonbev ( 111395 )

      Sure, but it's too late to worry about that now. Trump's new friends in Big Tech seem eager to replace as many US programmers as possible with H1-B workers willing the do the work for half our normal salaries. Of course, they'll probably try to replace your job with an AI assistant instead if at all possible first.

  • by Pizza ( 87623 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @06:31PM (#65046257) Homepage Journal

    My F/OSS has directly been used to kill people. It has also been directly used to save lives. It is all but guaranteed to have been used to plan and commit innumerable crimes. But 99% of its users have used it for everyday banality like reading email and watching cat videos.

    What exactly is this F/OSS? A linux driver for a once-popular 802.11b wifi chipset.

    If you have _ever_ contributed to any F/OSS, no matter how good your intentions you're still no more than two steps away from folks using it for "bad" purposes.

    Any technology can (and will) be abused. All we can really do is try our best.

    • F/OSS development takes place in a different context than corporate development.

      If you handed your code directly and exclusively to someone you knew intended to commit harm with it, would that still be "trying your best"?

      • by Pizza ( 87623 )

        That's a facetious question, because you don't present any context. Ones primary responsibilities are to (1) oneself, and (2) your immediate family. Folks routinely do far, far worse than "work for big tech" in order to ensure their children have food, shelter, and healthcare. Survival of the fittest, and all that.

        Looks up Jainism sometime; that's what happens when prioritizing "unintended consequences" runs amok.

        • by bungo ( 50628 )

          Folks routinely do far, far worse than "work for big tech" in order to ensure their children have food

          Dams straight. I've worked for the military-industrial complex. I know for sure that in a small way, I've contributed to wars, creation of weapons, etc. I might not have pulled any triggers, but I am just as responsible.

          I can live with that, because as far as I can tell, we're the good guys, or at least that's what I tell myself.

          I've also worked for big tech, who were as responsible as anyone else in society for keeping the military-industrial complex running. Just as responsible as the farmers that kept me

    • There is no ethical consumption under capitalism.

      That sounds like a crazy radical thing to say but it's meant to let people know that it's okay to live your life even if the system you live it in is terrible.

      Don't waste your time getting caught up on purity. It's okay if you don't want to make bombs that get dropped on children but at the same time don't worry about the fact that your application might get used by a company that makes those bombs.

      If you care about activism you want to focus on w
    • Big tech makes the world a worse place for everyone other than its shareholders, and it also tends to be bad for them in the long run once externalities are taken into account. But shareholders are generally only looking for the latest high like a coke addict needing more and more booger sugar just to get going each morning.

    • My F/OSS has directly been used to kill people. It has also been directly used to save lives. It is all but guaranteed to have been used to plan and commit innumerable crimes. But 99% of its users have used it for everyday banality like reading email and watching cat videos.

      What exactly is this F/OSS? A linux driver for a once-popular 802.11b wifi chipset.

      If you have _ever_ contributed to any F/OSS, no matter how good your intentions you're still no more than two steps away from folks using it for "bad" purposes.

      Any technology can (and will) be abused. All we can really do is try our best.

      While what you say is true, it often comes across like Big Tech intends harm through their actions. Though it's usually wrapped in pretty language meant to convey that profit is god and so long as the profit continues to climb they are a net good for society. But attacking Big Tech alone for that stance is a bit backwards, and it sprang from the society that worships profit above all and has since long before "Big Tech" was a concept. Big Tech being unethical is a symptom the same way Donald Trump being ele

  • by phantomfive ( 622387 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @06:50PM (#65046291) Journal

    The belief in the magical power of the free market always to serve the public good has no theoretical basis. In fact, our current climate crisis is a demonstrated market failure.

    This is kind of a strawman, in the sense that no one claims that the free market is a magical power that always serves the "public good." In particular, the example of climate change is recognized by economists [ecosystemmarketplace.com]. Also, "public good" is poorly defined. But this paragraph is also sort of a strawman, since I am not addressing the main point of the article. So here is the core of the article:

    "most of us would agree that it is unethical to work for Big Tobacco... Uber skirted regulations, shrugged off safety issues, and presided over a workplace rife with sexual harassment.” Was it ethical to have worked at Uber?.. I am sure many Uber employees were not aware of Kalanick’s shenanigans, but many were, and yet they continued to work at Uber. It was only in 2022 that a whistleblower leaked more than 124,000 company files to the Guardian, exposing its misdeeds.

    If you work at an unethical tech company, be a whistleblower. If it's financial fraud, we as a society have decided you can get a reward for reporting it to the SEC here [sec.gov]. For other illegal activity, we as a society have whistleblower laws that protect you from retaliation.

    So the answer to the question is, yes, it's ethical to work for pay. If you find out your company is unethical or illegal, be a whistleblower and you will be protected or possibly rewarded.

    • If you find out your company is unethical or illegal, be a whistleblower and you will be protected or possibly rewarded.

      Like Snowden and Manning?
      • Re:Really (Score:4, Informative)

        by phantomfive ( 622387 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @08:11PM (#65046515) Journal
        We can look at the law and clearly see a difference between Snowden/Manning and people working for tech companies. The law does not protect military/NSA whistleblowers. That is a real problem, but it's how the law is written today.

        The law is written to protect whistleblowers working for corporations. That is how the law is written today, and you should take advantage of that.
    • I agree with your sentiments here but I'd warn ppl against it if working for Boeing.
    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      So the answer to the question is, yes, it's ethical to work for pay. If you find out your company is unethical or illegal, be a whistleblower and you will be protected or possibly rewarded.

      And that is just delusional. Being a whistleblower against a company that does unethical things is not even protected by law. It is directly illegal in most countries and can land you in prison or poverty. Leaving or not working there is the only real choice you have. And you need to be aware that if you work there you become complicit, fake, self-serving excuses like the one you just gave do not change that.

      • Being a whistleblower against a company that does unethical things is not even protected by law. It is directly illegal in most countries and can land you in prison or poverty.

        I have no clue what you are talking about here but it sounds like nonsense.

    • "most of us would agree that it is unethical to work for Big Tobacco... Uber skirted regulations, shrugged off safety issues, and presided over a workplace rife with sexual harassment.” Was it ethical to have worked at Uber?.. I am sure many Uber employees were not aware of Kalanick’s shenanigans, but many were, and yet they continued to work at Uber. It was only in 2022 that a whistleblower leaked more than 124,000 company files to the Guardian, exposing its misdeeds.

      There are definitely costs of producing tobacco. OTOH, large numbers of people seem to get great pleasure from smoking. How in the world do you compare the two?

      Ditto Uber. There are definitely costs for working for or with Uber. Millions of passengers get tremendous value from ride sharing. Millions of expensive and idle vehicles are being put to use by drivers. You can't possibly talk about whether working for Uber is ethical without addressing the utilitarian arguments in favor of the company.

      Finally, mob

      • The Uber situation is straightforward: Uber was breaking the law. Becoming a whistleblower was the appropriate course of action.

        If something is not illegal, then quitting won't change the situation much. In that case it's better to advocate for new laws or policy change at the government level. There are other options, of course: you can start a union, or promote change from within the company. If it's obviously unethical, then you can let the world know, and maybe the company will change from "shame."
  • Big DEI, code.org (Score:3, Insightful)

    by greytree ( 7124971 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @07:02PM (#65046327)
    It is not ethical to work for any company that discriminates by race or gender.
    So any company with a DEI policy, or that helps fund the hateful sexists at code.org
    • Re:Big DEI, code.org (Score:4, Interesting)

      by WaffleMonster ( 969671 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @07:20PM (#65046381)

      It is not ethical to work for any company that discriminates by race or gender.
      So any company with a DEI policy, or that helps fund the hateful sexists at code.org

      It is unfortunate to see people openly promulgating and defend explicitly discriminatory hiring practices. It will be interesting to see what comes of Ames v. Ohio..etc.

      The courts dismantled this shit for college admissions and for most of the civilized world this type of explicit discrimination is unambiguously illegal. Disappointing and sad there is still legal ambiguity over whether or not discrimination should be tolerated.

  • by david.emery ( 127135 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @07:17PM (#65046371)

    About 12 years ago, as I neared retirement, I grew increasingly disenchanted with both ACM and IEEE. I felt as if I was being treated as "product" (the same way Google views me): someone to be marketed to, someone whose mailing address would be sold for sponsored seminar solicitations, and what bothered me the most was someone where the organizations I was supposed to be a -participating member- would take positions I disagreed with without any means for me to provide input or criticisms. And I clearly didn't fill any diversity quotas/attributes for the organizations, attributed that seemed to be increasingly important in their member communications and public perspectives. Most (but not all) of my career was spent in the US defense industry, and I am very proud of that fact.

    So when I retired, I cancelled both memberships. No regrets!

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      I noticed the same about the IEEE at about the same time and cancelled my membership. I did not get the same impression about the ACM and are still a member there.

  • by OneOfMany07 ( 4921667 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @07:30PM (#65046415)

    There we both gave our opinion that doesn't matter to anyone else, and both have the same whiff of ignoring our own problems to focus on other people. I like my chance better than yours at being effective about my opinion though.

    Oh, and many schools have zero interest in the idea that they should be responsible for the lives of every graduate and many people who don't. That you don't care if you're training them for something nobody wants. If having a degree doesn't give them a chance at a better life. Or that they're better people in general.

    Guessing Rice is the same as everybody else. That doesn't seem especially moral to me either. Guess you should quit all academia, so sad you can't pay your bills now or do the other work you thought mattered.

  • And it has been bloody obvious for a while.

  • by dskoll ( 99328 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @08:48PM (#65046587) Homepage

    For example, I think it's unquestionably unethical to work for Facebook or most social media companies; their entire business model is predicated on harming people's mental health, pushing them to extremism, and doing harm in order to keep their attention.

    Similarly, it's unethical to work in front-end development for any company that uses dark patterns to convince people to get stuff they don't need (Amazon, for example.)

    I see less of an ethical problem working for an entertainment company like Netflix or a hardware company like Dell or an infrastructure company like Red Hat because although their products may be used for harm, I don't believe that harming their customers is a core part of their business model.

  • Were it so easy (Score:5, Interesting)

    by nehumanuscrede ( 624750 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @08:58PM (#65046611)

    Since the vast majority of us don't have millions / billions of dollars in our bank accounts where we
    no longer have to worry about things like: housing, food, healthcare, etc

    We tend to work where we can in order to pay the bills and live in this society we've built over the
    years that requires a certain amount of wealth to even exist at all. The working class doesn't have
    the option of choosing to work for an ethical employer if they plan on eating this month.

    If I had so much wealth that I no longer worried about such things, then the lack of needing to work
    would negate the necessity to choose working for an " ethical " employer at all.

    Until that day comes, I will always choose to do whatever is necessary to survive.

    Ethics and morals be damned.

    • Stupid socialist. You could easily cut back your consumption with 90 % and still live and eat. C.f. GDP/capita 100 years ago or so.
      • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )
        I see you don't understand that GDP per capita nominal is not the same as median pay at purchasing power parity. Try again when you do.
        • I know PPP and I know median pay perfectly well. Try again. People have never spent such a small fraction of their income as they do today on really necessary expenditures.

          https://www.in2013dollars.com/... [in2013dollars.com]

          • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )

            https://www.in2013dollars.com/... [in2013dollars.com]

            Potatoes are not the only food.

            People have never spent such a small fraction of their income as they do today on really necessary expenditures.

            That's not the argument you initially made, though (and it's also not true). Maybe you meant to say that, but you didn't. Your claim was that you could cut consumption by 90% and still eat. Now, it's hard to determine what you actually meant, but perhaps you mean that you can eat (and be housed) with only 10% of current median take home pay. I ask you to show your working on that. I will wait. I don't expect a proper response, though.

            • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )
              In the UK, the typical grocery bill per person is £136/m. Rent for just a room, is typically £600pm. Let's assume some poverty and suggest it is £300 (double occupancy). Water, heat, local taxes, minimum £35pm. That would mean post-tax income of about £4500 per month. That would need an income of about £90,000 per annum. Median wage is closer to 1/3 of that.
              • What?? You list cost of less than £500/month but suddenly say you need 9 times as much after tax to manage that spending level. I am not surprised that you have problems with your economy.

                • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )
                  Yes, because you said 10% of median income. For it to be 10% of median income, median income would need to be £90k. If you prefer, median take home pay (outside London, as the rent was outside London) is about £2300. So £500 is 21% not 10%. The disparity in gross income and this figure is the progressive taxation. Now sure, if you slept four to a bed and subsisted purely on turnips, maybe you could get it down to 10%, but I would hope you are not suggesting that those on UBI should have to
            • That is exactly my initial argument. If you lived like people did 150 years ago or so, and survived just fine, you could manage with maybe 10 % of today's median income.

              • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )
                Many people lived absolutely miserable existences full of disease back then, though. It's not a great metric. You are out by a factor of three for even basic standard of living (sharing a single room with another person, basic nutrition).
                • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )
                  Today, that is.
                • Miserable according to who?

                  The initial claim in this thread read "We tend to work where we can in order to pay the bills and live in this society we've built over the years that requires a certain amount of wealth to even exist at all." which is what I falsified.

                  Men need 2500 kcal/day, women 2000 kcal/day. Potatoes are about 1 kcal/g. How much would a potato diet cost you? According to the link I posted above the price in the US seems to around $0,5/kg so $1-1,25/day. And so on.

                  • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )

                    Miserable according to who?

                    I doubt the people with diseases caused by malnutrition or poor sanitation were celebrating the fact as they went to bed hungry.

                    Are you for real?

                    How much would a potato diet cost you?

                    Your life, as you can't live on just potatoes indefinitely.

                    • So what? This is thread is not about celebrating.

                      Buy an odd egg and you are fine. How much would that cost?

                    • by q_e_t ( 5104099 )
                      I used a turn of phrase. An odd egg and you are fine? I do hope you are not a nutritionist.
                    • I am. You can survive perfectly fine on egg. You only need a source of vitamin C, otherwise eggs contains everything you need. There is a reason why basically all animals that find an egg in nature eat it.

    • Are you seriously contending that software developers working for Big Tech firms with TC that is often orders of magnitude higher than the average and, at least in the US, historically several times as high as similarly skilled and capable people doing similar work in other similarly developed countries, have no choice but to take those jobs and build whatever systems they are told in order to survive? Yeah, right.

      No-one with the skills and experience to get those jobs at Big Tech actually needs to work on

    • This is exactly the argument for expanding commonwealth reinvestment and ensuring livable wages because better ethical and moral choices are often access limited to those who have the time, energy, knowledge, opportunity, and/or money to observe them. Apart from social ventures and completely benign goods and services that can't be used or cause net harm at scale, there isn't really any "perfectly ethical" business, but a vast spectrum varying widely by degrees of corruption and suffering.
  • by madbrain ( 11432 ) on Saturday December 28, 2024 @09:15PM (#65046629) Homepage Journal

    This is one reason we need tech unions.

    One employee or a small group of them taking a stance isn't going to sway big tech.

    A large union with the power to strike on the other hand might make some execs think twice about taking certain decisions, or cause some of them to be reversed.

  • A free market assumes you have full information and viable alternatives. When it comes to social media, they tell you very little about how they use your data, and most alternatives are not viable - you join a particular community because that's where your friends or people you are interested in already are.

  • Yes, tobacco companies do indeed support the public good. Smoking makes you look sexy and cool. [facebook.com]
  • Who cares? (Score:4, Interesting)

    by devslash0 ( 4203435 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @02:08AM (#65047003)

    I don't get why people have ethical dilemmas like this. All that matters is a good salary and benefits so that I can provide for me and my family. I really couldn't care less if I work for big tech, big oil, etc.

  • No low cost computers, cell phones, internet, etc. Of course big tech has had some negative outcomes but it has also had some very positive ones. That seems very different from Big Tobacco which sells drugs that slowly kill people. That said, I'm OK with someone working for Big Tobacco as well - at this point anyone who starts smoking and doesn't know the risk they are taking is a complete idiot.

    • No low cost computers, cell phones, internet, etc. Of course big tech has had some negative outcomes but it has also had some very positive ones. That seems very different from Big Tobacco which sells drugs that slowly kill people. That said, I'm OK with someone working for Big Tobacco as well - at this point anyone who starts smoking and doesn't know the risk they are taking is a complete idiot.

      One could easily argue the whole smoking is hip and cool marketing Big Tobacco abused over half a century ago, is the exact same flavor of branded ignorance that was/is legally marketed with vapes. Every they tried to claim vaping was safer than smoking.

      All of my Grandparents died from smoking related diseases after decades of smoking cigarettes. I’ve never heard any of them cough the way I’ve seen some cough after a single year of using vapes. It’s fucking horrific. I laughed at the c

  • GOOG ” Do no evil” and NYT “All the news fit to print” famously abandoned morality in the face of tech.

    Every individual is forced to submit or take one for the good of Humanity and follow their human conscience. United Healthcare CEO Brian Thompson is the tip of society's dilemma which must differentiate the types of killing people are acceptable and honorable and those that are not.

    There’s Goodwill until it’s not any more and nothing is more corrosive and toxic to humani

  • The belief in the magical power of the free market always to serve the public good has no theoretical basis.

    The problem with this sentence to me is one of a lack of definitions: what do you mean by "free market"? What do you mean by "public good"?

    The idea that a 'free market' would serve the 'public good' was hinged on a couple of assumptions. First, a 'free market' has a very specific definition beyond "companies relatively free to do things." It means that the market for goods or services is relatively fr

  • There really is no such thing as ethics, as ethics are all in the eye of the beholder. Is it ethical to NOT work for big tech?
  • Go small and do something amazing.

    Big Tech is just cogs in a a wheel. No place to make a difference.

The only way to learn a new programming language is by writing programs in it. - Brian Kernighan

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