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Transportation The Military

A Never-Ending Supply of Drones Has Frozen the Front Lines in Ukraine (msn.com) 188

"In the battle for Ukraine, the front line is increasingly at a standstill" because of "rapid innovations in drone technology..." according to the Wall Street Journal. "Each side has hundreds of them constantly in the air across the 750-mile front line."

And drones "now bring everything from food and water to ammunition, power banks — and, in at least one case, a fire extinguisher — to the front, sparing soldiers trips through the most dangerous part of the battlefield where enemy drones might pick them off." Drones can lay mines, deliver everything from ammunition to medication and even evacuate wounded or dead soldiers. Crucially, drones spot any movement along the front line and are dispatched to strike enemy troops and vehicles. When Russia sent tank columns into Ukraine in February 2022, Ukraine needed to find out where they were headed — and fast. Enter the humble "wedding drone," available in stores for about $2,000 and repurposed to scan for enemy units rather than capture nuptial panoramas. Deployed by enthusiasts acting independently or attached to army units, the drones helped Ukrainian forces, which were vastly outnumbered and outgunned, to know exactly where to deploy to counter Russian arrowheads.

Surveillance drones quickly became a necessity rather than a luxury. Often provided by charity funds, they were used to scan enemy positions for equipment, stores and headquarters.... A cheap and simple tweak made the so-called wedding drones deadly. Tech buffs realized that a simple claw-like contraption, created using a 3-D printer, could be activated from the radio controller by turning on the drone's light, causing it to release a grenade. The explosion could wound or kill a soldier or even detonate an armored vehicle if dropped through its hatch. Over time, soldiers experimented with ways to add more explosives, for example by melting down explosives garnered from Soviet-era munitions and pouring them into new, lighter plastic casings.

No innovation has had a bigger impact on the war in Ukraine than first-person-view, or FPV, drones. With explosives strapped to them, FPVs fly directly into their targets, turning them into low-cost suicide bombers. Though FPVs don't deliver as much explosive punch as rockets, they are far more accurate — and the sheer volume that Ukraine has manufactured means they can be deployed to similar effect... Sitting in a bunker several miles behind the front, a drone pilot slips on FPV goggles to see the view from the drone's camera and fly it into an enemy position or asset. The Russians have since adopted FPVs en masse. Their abundance has played a central role in slowing down the movement of the front line. Anything within around 12 miles of the contact line can now become a target for FPVs. They are so cheap to make that both sides can expend them on any target — even a single infantryman.

Because they are so small and fast, FPVs are difficult to shoot down. The main defense against them has been electronic jamming systems, which disrupt the communication between the drone and the pilot. Though most drone innovations in the war have come from the Ukrainian side, the Russians pioneered the most important adaptation for FPV drones — the addition of a fiber-optic cable connecting the drone to the pilot that can overcome jamming.

Benjamin Franklin once predicted flying machines might "convince sovereigns of the folly of war... since it will be impracticable for the most potent of them to guard his dominions..."

A Never-Ending Supply of Drones Has Frozen the Front Lines in Ukraine

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  • human safari (Score:5, Informative)

    by roman_mir ( 125474 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @04:09PM (#65517774) Homepage Journal

    ruzzian orcs use drones to murder individual civilians, including children [kherson24.com]. This is different from simply carpet bombing, to murder a 1 year old in this case they had to hunt him down specifically, find him and blow him up individually.

    This is the face of the ruzzian 'soldier' today, putin or not, it is the individual people who are making every day decisions. AFAIC ruzzians are now all legitimate targets, every one.

    • by Qwertie ( 797303 )

      Yes, I've seen two documentaries about the Human Safari in Kherson. Here's the one I was able to find again [Content Warning!]. [youtube.com] It strikes me that it's unrealistic for the Russians to be able to retake Kherson (given how hard they've been struggling even to take Pokrovsk, one of the much easier and higher-priority targets) yet they've still been trying to drive civilians out of Kherson with pure terrorism. And these tactics aren't limited to Kherson, they're just concentrated there.

      And this new reality w

  • by mukundajohnson ( 10427278 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @04:12PM (#65517778)

    well they're certainly laying fiber faster than american ISPs

  • by jfdavis668 ( 1414919 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @04:20PM (#65517790)
    Can the soldiers just work from home?
    • It's easy to speculate that many outside of the two combatants are using the death of thousands of young men as an informational gathering research and development for their own military and are helping one or the other side to get more research information.

      • Your comment is designed to encourage a particular, political view of their actions by using words that require mental states not in evidence.

        The difference between:
        "...using the deaths of thousands of young men..."
        and:
        "... making the best of a bad situation ...

        is entirely in the mind of the researcher.

        Your wording implies evil in the mind of the researcher without any such evidence.

        You could similarly say the same thing, word for word, about the Body Farm (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_farm)

    • Half of them are! (biggest percent uptake in the western world!)
    • Can the soldiers just work from home?

      They would, but the Russians keep shelling them.

    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      The US tried that in Afghanistan. They had drone pilots in nice air conditioned offices in the US, flying over Afghanistan. Some of them got PTSD, made worse because when a soldier is on the battlefield they at least feel like killing is justified to ensure their own survival, or as revenge for what the enemy did to them and their comrades. Sat in an office thousands of kilometres away though, it's harder to rationalize.

      The Afghans started to put big pictures of children on the ground near civilian targets

  • Can't the cut the fiber optic spool with a laser? Or F it, can't they take down the drones with laser turrets? A kilowatt laser ought to be enough.

    Just fucking use lasers.

    • by Lehk228 ( 705449 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @04:33PM (#65517814) Journal
      the drone will identify the coordinates of your laser turret so you will face rocket artillery or shells or mortars quickly, anything like that will have to keep moving
    • Not a problem. I'll give you a shark with a frickin laser beam attached to its head and you can use it to shoot down a drone no bigger than a pizza box moving at 40 mph in a non-linear direction.

    • Re:Lasers vs drones (Score:5, Interesting)

      by Cyberax ( 705495 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @05:16PM (#65517890)

      Can't the cut the fiber optic spool with a laser?

      A drone can fly just a few meters above the ground, out of LoS of the turret. There's talk of using laser turrets against drones themselves, though.

      But there's even more, Ukraine now launches "carrier drones" that can autonomously fly for about 300 kilometers deep into the Russian territory and release a swarm of smaller attack drones. And this contraption costs less than 1 HIMARS missile. It can even be remotely controlled through cellular Internet, Russia is trying to combat this by literally switching off all the mobile networks if these drones are detected. Not that it'll help in the long run, it's trivially easy to stick something like a Starlink antenna on the carrier.

    • Yes, enter China. No surprise there.

      China’s Silent Hunter: The Laser Weapon Powering Russia’s Drone War:
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?... [youtube.com]

    • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

      by MacMann ( 7518492 )

      Just fucking use lasers.

      These lasers require minerals that are in short supply right now, especially rare earth metals. In spite of the name rare earth metals aren't exactly rare, but they are rather difficult to refine. This has lead China to a near monopoly on rare earth metals, because they have cheap energy from coal and don't much care about polluting the environment with the toxic chemicals used to extract these rare earth metals.

      It appears that there is some legislation in the works now in the USA to improve domestic rare

      • Rare earths also make drone electric motors much more efficient. Plus there's China's dominance in lithium batteries. So China could really hurt Ukraine by shutting off their supply of drone motors and batteries. They might threaten this if they look like getting hit with sanctions for buying Russian oil. So they may escape these sanctions while India still gets hit.
      • These lasers require minerals that are in short supply right now, especially rare earth metals. In spite of the name rare earth metals aren't exactly rare, but they are rather difficult to refine.
        That is just nonsense.

        They are rare, the lazers, because they are complex systems. You have to track the target. To kill shells you need multiple lasers targeting the same shell. The electronics use simple chips. As long as they can make phones, they have enough rare earths for what ever they want.

        The lasers are in

    • by tragedy ( 27079 )

      As I replied to the poster who suggested cutting the fiber optic cables with a flamethrower...

      Using a laser is a fine idea. It is a workable solution to cutting the cables. You just have to flesh out the idea by also explaining how you locate the cable and get the laser in position to cut it.

    • Lasers: no have.
      A fibre is super thin ... it is not one with a black plastic "protection" around it.
      You probably never see it.

      A 1kW laser is likely not enough anyway. But a few that concentrate fire would do it.

  • by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @05:46PM (#65517936)
    Russia barely has an air force. They're corrupt government had been basically pocketing the money for their military for the last 20 years and so it turned out they didn't really have the kind of air force that could overwhelm a country.

    It is extremely impressive though what Ukraine has done here. Even with all the corruption Russia does still have a hell of a lot of weapons and a hell of a lot more people. Although it is telling that they keep pulling North Koreans and I think now people of Laos into The fray rather than risk a full-scale draft for this useless war.

    Remember all failing empires eventually try to expand their borders in order to fill their emptying coffers caused by incompetence and corruption. America will be there eventually. When it happens you can expect a draft.
  • Fully autonomous (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Dan East ( 318230 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @06:38PM (#65518002) Journal

    Just wait until these little bastards have on-board AI that visually identifies targets and kills them autonomously. That is the next step. The jamming of radio remote control has already lead to the use of fiber (they literally carry miles of fiber optic line that unspools as they fly, making them impervious to RF jamming, at the cost of reduced range). The next logical step is to allow them to function without any human input - that gives them both range and immunity from jamming.

    This is not good.

    • Re:Fully autonomous (Score:4, Interesting)

      by JaredOfEuropa ( 526365 ) on Sunday July 13, 2025 @07:33PM (#65518094) Journal
      Those have already been deployed. They are flown to the front by the operator, who will in most cases also designate the target, after which the drone will engage it autonomously. Jamming is most effective at close range, so that's when you want the AI to take over.
      • by sinij ( 911942 )

        Those have already been deployed. They are flown to the front by the operator, who will in most cases also designate the target, after which the drone will engage it autonomously.

        Costs of such drones, at least for now, is substantially more expensive. In a war of economic attrition, which is what is happening in Ukraine, that matters a lot.

        • Costs of such drones, at least for now, is substantially more expensive.

          A Raspi with 1 core and 512MB can recognize ~500-2000 different objects. It's no longer expensive to build autonomous assassins. I've been saying for years here that the future of war is toy technology, and here we are.

          • A Raspi with 1 core and 512MB can recognize ~500-2000 different objects. It's no longer expensive to build autonomous assassins. I've been saying for years here that the future of war is toy technology, and here we are.

            An while the recognition part is slow, something like the Pi is more than capable of realtime tracking of objects within the field of view of the camera. Once the object is identified, you keep it in the field of view. The drones already have gyros so small twitchy movements of the drone are

    • And that's how you get SkyNet.

      Thanks, Russia. Here come the death robots.

    • by Jeremi ( 14640 )

      Just wait until these little bastards have on-board AI that visually identifies targets and kills them autonomously. [...] This is not good.

      Agreed, that is a scenario straight out of a Terminator movie.

      That said, it won't happen (much) until they get the energy budget of all that AI down to something that can be powered by a drone battery for a sufficient period of time.

      • by N1AK ( 864906 )
        They're already doing it, and it's common enough that there have been news articles covering the types of software and hardware being used. Sure the current application is manually designate a target with the AI then directing the drone the final relatively short distance, but I guarantee they already have, or imminently will have, the capability to give a drone image data, send it to a location, and have it search for and target a match because the resources to do so aren't prohibitive even at this scale.
    • This is the scenario predicted by Slaughterbots [youtube.com].

      It was dystopian science fiction then, but not all that far out there, and I think we're slowly watching it come true now.

      If we're lucky it'll prove impractical to have that level of AI on a drone that small, but I doubt we'll be that lucky. Otherwise? I don't really see how we can stop it.

  • Ukraine exploited as a weapons testing ground for WW3.
  • by Tom ( 822 ) on Monday July 14, 2025 @03:04AM (#65518706) Homepage Journal

    according to the Wall Street Journal

    Meanwhile, some reports from the frontlines [warontherocks.com] indicate that while drones are ubiquituous, they aren't the game-changer the tech-industry wants them to be.

    tl;dr essential bits: a) most drone strikes could have been done by other, cheaper weapons. b) drones are an unreliable weapon due to jamming, dependency on weather and light and many technical failures.

    • Interesting, but there's a little bit missing which would be interesting to know: the author compares the $500 drone cost to a $100 unguided shell. What we don't get is the hit percentage. Russia has been firing literally millions of artillery shells per year: the hit rate isn't high at all.

      It seems all options suck, but you have to do something.

    • by N1AK ( 864906 )
      This is an oversimplified position. Yes there has been extensive work done on finding counter-measures and tactics to deal with drones, as there always is when new tech is integrated into warfare. However, it is very difficult to say with confident what things would look like if both sides hadn't begun heavily using drones or if neither side had; at the bare minimum the fact they are heavily utilised by Russia implies the Russians think they are beneficial vs just investing in more conventional equipment.

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