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India's Got Time (indiadispatch.com) 76

India Dispatch: The strongest case for India is not merely that it is young, but that it still has time, and it may be the only continental-scale economy that still has it in abundance. India won't cross the demographic threshold for an "old" country -- a median age of 41 -- until the late 2050s, while China reaches that point now. India requires 10.4% sustained GDP growth over 35 years to become rich before aging, compared to China's needed 32% annual growth rate. India's working-age population will increase from 67.5% in 2021 to 69.2% by 2031, with the median age remaining at 34.5 in 2036. The report adds: China's compressed dilemma mirrors what is gripping the developed world, where Europe's share of population over 65 is on track to hit 30% by 2050, up from 8% in 1950. Raising retirement ages -- what economists describe as the closest thing to a silver bullet -- faces older voting blocs, who now make up roughly 40% of those who turn up at the polls in European elections. In the U.S., what J.P. Morgan analysts term a "Social Security cliff" looms by 2033, when the system's trust funds are projected to be exhausted, and hopes that productivity miracles (powered by, hopefully AI) will quietly square this circle look optimistic, leaving much of the rich world and North Asia out of time.
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India's Got Time

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  • by Anonymous Coward

    ... that it has nothing else, except a large and extremely poor population that proliferates at an astonishing rate, compounding the other problems of the country.

  • I gotta say (Score:5, Informative)

    by 93 Escort Wagon ( 326346 ) on Wednesday August 20, 2025 @01:25AM (#65601594)

    In the U.S., what J.P. Morgan analysts term a "Social Security cliff" looms by 2033, when the system's trust funds are projected to be exhausted ...

    It sure was the perfect time to raise the US projected debt by $3 trillion in order to give billionaires a large tax break.

    • That trust fund they're talking about is specifically created for the large bubble of baby boomers it's supposed to go bankrupt.

      None of this matters since Trump is probably going to win a third term and the chuckle fucks around here Will celebrate it until they find out what it actually means. Then they'll blame Obama from the McDonald's whose bathroom they use to wash themselves after losing their houses to a bank.
      • Well, I dont think Trump can win a third term, firstly because its blatantly constititonal to the point that even the weird old vampires in the supreme court couldn't find him a loop-hole, and secondly because I geninuely suspect by the end of this four years nobody is going to be in much of a mood to forgive the republicans for a very long term. And shit, the dudes so infirm and unhealthy, I'd be unsurprised iif he simply doesnt live that long.

        Well, unless they completely steal it , and we get president co

        • Or the fat marshmallow will be dead. Everyone was talking about putin's leg, but seriously look at trump. His skin has so much pancake on it why not add syrup? Nah, he'll be dead.
      • For crying out loud, it's been politicians of all stripes, who are the enemies of the nation, who have been draining the damn social security trust fund for decades. And, there isn't really a trust fund anyway because it's all 'invested' in government bonds. But you live in such a fantasy world you wouldn't see that.
      • That trust fund they're talking about is specifically created for the large bubble of baby boomers it's supposed to go bankrupt.

        No, the trust fund (actually two funds, but those details don't matter) was created when Social Security was created, well before the Baby Boom started -- but it's really a fiction. When social security tax revenues exceed social security payments, the surplus is used to purchase T-bills, which the trust fund holds. When payments exceed revenues, the T-bills are sold to fund the difference. The trust fund will be bankrupt when there are no T-bills in it to be redeemed.

        However, the money from T-bill pur

    • You'd be hard-pressed to find me in favor of just about any of the current administration's policies; but it's worth noting that the big deal with demographic crunches is the extent to which they don't play by the normal rules of what having savings or having debts means

      There's already a lot of wiggly behavior with sovereign debt vs. household; since you get into what currency the debt is denominated in and all kinds of hairy macroeconomics rather than a nice, simple, "assume that the economy is more mor
  • by rossdee ( 243626 ) on Wednesday August 20, 2025 @01:32AM (#65601610)

    The people not so much
    before it becomes uninhabitable due to climate change

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      by GameboyRMH ( 1153867 )

      This. According to current estimates, somewhere between 2050~2100 India will become so hot and humid that a human stuck unprotected outdoors might ordinarily suffer a wet-bulb heat death. It would become like a reverse Alaska, where for most of the year survival means living inside of cooled and dehumidified buildings. Unfortunately unlike for cold, you can't deal with potentially deadly levels of extreme heat just by adding insulation, something like a spacesuit with a powered cooling system would be neede

      • Just to be clear, the "wet bulb death" claim is that a person stuck outdoors at 35C would die within hours even if they were in shade, resting, and had unlimited water. This claim about has zero empirical evidence, despite that temperature having been achieved numerous times within recorded history. There is not a single documented instance of a person actually dying under such conditions; it's based purely on lab predictions.

        Dinosaurs lived for 300 million years in a world far hotter and wetter than what w

        • Humans living for millions of years ? You might have to revise that number.
        • *laughs in Australian*

          35 degrees is a merely a warm summer day; I grew up in heatwaves without air conditioning.

          That said, I would have low tolerance for a Canadian winter.

          • by Anonymous Coward
            yes we often have 40 C every summer
            You know what we don't have? That temp with high humidity.
        • While we haven't fully documented a person dying from wet-bulb heat specifically, it's basic thermodynamics, we shouldn't have to conduct some kind of Josef Mengele experiment to prove that if you massively reduce the effectiveness of a human body's only cooling system, evaporation, through high humidity (a crucial factor, it's not just a matter of 35C+ alone) and turn the temperature up high enough they'll die. Do you have any hypothesis on how a person might survive this? Hundreds of people have likely di

  • by EreIamJH ( 180023 ) on Wednesday August 20, 2025 @01:36AM (#65601614)
    The chat shows and newspapers were full of it - what will we do with all our spare time with 40 years of retirement ahead of us? Those stories ended when the Cold War ended. From then on it was all about working until we drop.
  • Why is a pound of rice (or any food, really) 4x cheaper in Asia than in the US?

    I'll tell you why .. it's because we fucked ourselves on housing by mass blocking every developer from building new homes. Reference: https://www.newsweek.com/san-f... [newsweek.com] That in turn caused inflation. Housing became people's biggest expense. We don't want new housing units in our neighborhoods and cities. So we blocked them. The end result: Housing in most places that have jobs has become unaffordable to most people. The only solu

  • by hyades1 ( 1149581 ) on Wednesday August 20, 2025 @02:46AM (#65601702)

    I have had to deal with people from India for many years. Here's my analysis: the caste system there is still very strong. So what you get is educated people with a sense of entitlement and arrogance matched only (in many cases, but definitely not all) with utter incompetence. Mostly, it's people from the top caste who get the opportunities, and these are the people I have had to deal with. Individual Indian people may do well, but when you take somebody competent and ask them to deal with an upper caste "engineer", the only way it works is if you can find a way to work around the fucker.

    I want to be very clear...this is not a one-off. I've had to deal with these people in situations where there was money on the line (and in one case, lives), and the only answer was to go over their heads and get somebody competent to get the work done.

    • by thegarbz ( 1787294 ) on Wednesday August 20, 2025 @05:19AM (#65601868)

      I think you've misanalysed the situation. India's upper caste can be incredibly competent, but what they entire country is, is culturally task driven. People have a task, not a job. They do the task as defined, they don't have a tendency to think outside the box, come up with solutions, question others (and this makes it very difficult for us westerners to work with them).

      Example from a few weeks ago: Security at our office. The guy's task was to put the bags through the xray machine. He didn't do the job of keeping the place secure, he just did the task. The fun part was EVERYTHING went through the xray machine. Regardless of how obviously pointless it was to xray, either because the thing itself didn't need xraying or because ... no one was sitting at the screen of the xray machine. We have the same situation with our Indian engineers. You give them a task to do they will do that task. If your request contains a typo that typo will be faithfully reproduced at the end. When asked if they saw that they say "yes, it doesn't make sense, I think it should have said xxxx, but I was asked to do it so I did it."

      This looks like incompetence, it's not, it's just culturally different. I have great success with our Indian engineers since I frame their requirement to think into the task itself when we request them to do work. There's still a few incompetent people out there, but they come from all backgrounds.

      Your view that the caste system causes incompetence is off the mark.

      • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

        by Local ID10T ( 790134 )

        Your view that the caste system causes incompetence is off the mark.

        I would say that he is not wrong...

        The cast system is the root cause of (and continues to reinforce) the cultural phenomenon you have described. The tendency to perform the task as assigned; to do as you are told without questioning, leaving the decisions to those whose function is to decide -aka those of higher caste.

        • Yes but the OP postulated the opposite, namely that the higher castes (educated) are the ones who are task oriented. Maybe the caste system is the root cause, but the result is not distributed across different castes - rather it applies across all of them today.

    • I have a lot of Indian work colleagues and this is not my experience at all. Some are really talented. I think your mileage may vary.
  • Everyone keeps complaining about worker shortages and replacement rates and all that, but then why are the unemployment rates so high? Why is it so hard to get a job? Why is OnlyFans considered a legit career path by kids?

    This is a problem all over the world
  • In the U.S., what J.P. Morgan analysts term a "Social Security cliff" looms by 2033, when the system's trust funds are projected to be exhausted ...

    The "trust fund" consists of federal government bonds. Essentially, the federal government is saying "I owe myself $XXXX gazillion; that's an asset! I will be collecting that from myself, you just watch!"

    I don't claim to have a solution, but let's at least be honest about the problem.

    • by zlives ( 2009072 )

      in 2032, december 31st, a new bond will be issued for $XXXXX gazillion to be collected in 2066, problem solved.

      • Well yes/no. I know you jest. The real problem as I see it is herr trump thinks the fed can willy nilly drop rates. So that gazillion dollar T-Bill is going to have to be bought by the fed because regular buyers of T-bills will have fled the market with 0% rates. Already b/c of the shenanigans with BLS hires, people now believe BLS will cook the books to make orange man happy. Now maybe no big deal, except TIPS are adjusted by BLS numbers. And people are concerned. https://www.investing.com/news... [investing.com] It is al
  • If you were considering climate change as an existential risk to a country like India you might conclude that what India doesn't have is time. Look at the riots when onion prices rose and now extrapolate that to something actually serious!
  • 35 years prior, tens of millions of people were busy slaughtering each other in WW1. I imagine that might've impacted the number of 65 year olds around.
    • Not to mention that the European economies were growing like crazy, after the utter destruction of WWII. And a whole bunch of folks were dead.
  • [picture of a boot stomping on a young boy's head]
    [zoomed out picture of a young boy holding a boot on his head]

  • >"Raising retirement ages -- what economists describe as the closest thing to a silver bullet -- faces older voting blocs, who now make up roughly 40% of those who turn up at the polls in European elections."

    Of course people will vote that down in nearly ANY government. And for good reason. You don't change the age of retirement for people who have been promised something THEIR ENTIRE WORKING LIVES. Yes, retirement ages should increase, but it needs to grandfather people already working. It needs to

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