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The Courts Games

Gamers Sue PlayStation: It's Not Clear They're Selling Licenses Rather Than Ownership of Games (aftermath.site) 154

The gaming news site Aftermath reports: Four gamers are suing Sony Interactive Entertainment for allegedly breaking a California law that requires digital storefronts selling games to make it clear people are buying licenses, not actually owning the games.

Sony Interactive Entertainment's PlayStation store uses language like "Buy Now" and "Confirm Purchase," lawyers wrote in a complaint filed on Thursday... "In reality, consumers who 'purchase' digital games through PlayStation do not obtain ownership of those products," lawyers wrote. "Instead, PlayStation grants only a limited, revocable license to access the software, subject to multiple restrictions contained in a separate Software Product License Agreement"....

[T]he PlayStation store does have a disclosure. Above the "Confirm Purchase" button, there's a note: "By selecting [Confirm Purchase], you agree to complete the purchase in accordance with the PlayStation Terms of Service before using this content. You further acknowledge that your purchase of this digital product amounts to a license subject to the Software Product License Agreement." These four gamers aren't satisfied with that; they said in the complaint that it's too small, and that "a reasonable customer completing a purchase would not necessarily notice this disclosure."

"It's a proposed class action complaint, meaning the group of four gamers is asking a judge to grant them class action status."

Gamers Sue PlayStation: It's Not Clear They're Selling Licenses Rather Than Ownership of Games

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  • by SeaFox ( 739806 ) on Saturday June 20, 2026 @09:44PM (#66202180)

    Even if I go back to the 1990s and boxed retail software, you were never actually buying the software, your purchase was for the license to use it.
    The real issue here is the gamers being sold software whose functionality is tied to third-party servers and denied first sale doctrine (the ability to transfer/resell their license if they want to someone else).

    • by dgatwood ( 11270 ) on Saturday June 20, 2026 @09:56PM (#66202188) Homepage Journal

      The real issue here is the gamers being sold software whose functionality is tied to third-party servers and denied first sale doctrine (the ability to transfer/resell their license if they want to someone else).

      It's more than just the right of first sale; with software that is licensed via server-side communication, nothing prevents the company from terminating your authorization for any reason, and you have basically no recourse at that point, other than to sue.

      There's a lot wrong with software in the modern era.

    • by sg_oneill ( 159032 ) on Saturday June 20, 2026 @11:53PM (#66202244)

      Even if I go back to the 1990s and boxed retail software, you were never actually buying the software, your purchase was for the license to use it.
      The real issue here is the gamers being sold software whose functionality is tied to third-party servers and denied first sale doctrine (the ability to transfer/resell their license if they want to someone else).

      Thats always been a gross simplification of the rights generally involved with a software sale. While yes, technically its a license to use software, rather than the software itself, license sales have always had a series of expectations associated with them in law, common law and in user expectations. And those expectations matter in a courtroom.

      Most of the world consumer law is very clear that if you give a license to use something, and its sold as "buy" rather than "rent" or "time limited" , its not revokable and its subject to the same sort of consumer protection laws buying a toaster or a car has. Most importantly that it remains fit for purpose for the natural lifetime of the product, and that term "lifetime" is absolutely not "until we tire of letting you use that thing you paid for" but rather "How long would a reasonable consumer believe they can use this before its basically bitrot". To simplify that, assume it means "as long as the physical software is capable of running without a rewrite" and NOT "until we send the kill-command to the DRM".

      The tension here is that software is attempting to move to a service model whilst trying to retain the language of a product model. You dont purchase a pool cleaning man, you hire a pool cleaning man. Well, unless your in a southern state during a terrible time in history, I suppose.

      And thats where cases like this the complainant stands a good chance of winning. Because if California law has strong protections (A lot of america *doesnt* , but europe* and australia but apparently not canada for reasons that are mystifying to me, have strong protections) then if it can be shown that at the point of purchase it was not made clear that this product was time limited or was going to be made unavailable to people who purchased it, then the complainants have a strong case for deceptive advertising.

      * I am aware europe just voted down a 'stop killing games' law. I am surprised by that, because honestly, it should have been the default anyway. I smell the acrid stench of industry lobbyists foul deeds

      • by dnaumov ( 453672 )

        Most of the world consumer law is very clear that if you give a license to use something, and its sold as "buy" rather than "rent" or "time limited" , its not revokable

        Then what you are describing is not at all a license.

    • Even if I go back to the 1990s and boxed retail software, you were never actually buying the software, your purchase was for the license to use it.

      The 1990s are irrelevant, because a new law was passed in 2025 (California, where this lawsuit was filed).

      If Sony was not making clear that they are licensing not selling, then they will lose the lawsuit (caveat emptor, etc).

      • by SeaFox ( 739806 )

        The 1990s are irrelevant, because a new law was passed in 2025 (California, where this lawsuit was filed).

        It's relevant because it's how things have been for decades. This isn't some new-hotness enshitification strat where suddenly buying software only means you're buying a license. It's how things have been since (I bet) before the plaintiffs were born. Even in the time of picking up PS2 discs at GameStop you were only buying a license to run those games on your console, not actually owning the code on them.

        • It's relevant because it's how things have been for decades. This isn't some new-hotness

          Uh, you clearly missed something in junior school [youtube.com].

          Laws change things that have been the same for decades. That is what the legislature does.

        • Even in the time of picking up PS2 discs at GameStop you were only buying a license to run those games on your console

          This license consists of uses carved out as noninfringing in the copyright law. For video games distributed in physical copies, two carveouts are most salient: exhaustion of the exclusive distribution right with respect to a particular copy after the first sale, and making private copies required to use a computer program, such as ephemerally reproducing the program in RAM. (Under US law, these are 17 USC 109 and 17 USC 117. Feel free to describe analogous carveouts in other countries' copyright law.)

          What these carveouts have in common is that neither the copyright owner nor a platform gatekeeper can remotely make copies unusable. PlayStation Store doesn't give licensees even this assurance.

          • by SeaFox ( 739806 )

            What these carveouts have in common is that neither the copyright owner nor a platform gatekeeper can remotely make copies unusable. PlayStation Store doesn't give licensees even this assurance.

            Which is not an ownership issue, it's a DRM/license enforcement issue. The plaintiffs can still get the same benefits of the product even if their purchase is just for a license. The plaintiff's problem isn't because they don't "own" the software.

            • by tepples ( 727027 )

              Which is not an ownership issue, it's a DRM/license enforcement issue.

              Correct. The digital restrictions management regime on paid downloads from PlayStation Store doesn't grant rights to a licensee that are equivalent to those that the law reserves for the owner of a copy. The complaint, as I understand it, is that the required notice of inequivalence is not conspicuous enough.

              The plaintiffs can still get the same benefits of the product even if their purchase is just for a license.

              The benefits are not the same if the publisher or the platform gatekeeper retains the ability to remotely disable licensed software.

              • by SeaFox ( 739806 )

                The benefits are not the same if the publisher or the platform gatekeeper retains the ability to remotely disable licensed software.

                No, you're misunderstanding my reply here. I'm saying the users can have the same benefits of access/use without the remote enforcement and delivery mechanism even if their purchase is only for a license (because that's how things were back in earlier times). Their suit is flawed in that it is focusing on legalese of what "ownership" is, instead of suing for the publisher's ability to unilaterally remove their access to something they paid for. That's why this is all dumb. They will never truly "own" the so

        • But, that PS2 disc will just work, even after Sony goes bankrupt and their servers are sold for scrap and we had to shut the internet down to stop AI.

          Sure, the disc-copy of Windows I bought is mostly just the license, but the disc still works even after they shut the activation server down.

          • by SeaFox ( 739806 )

            But, that PS2 disc will just work, even after Sony goes bankrupt and their servers are sold for scrap and we had to shut the internet down to stop AI.

            That's not an issue with the "ownership" of the software, as the plaintiffs here are suing for. That's my point from the first post I made on this topic. They are suing claiming they thought they were buying the software and they are only buying a license. There's nothing wrong with buying only a license, it's the fact the software can only be obtained and used at the blessing of the third-party servers they have no control over, which is not necessary. They can buy "only a license" and still be given acces

    • by dnaumov ( 453672 )

      We never ever bought software to truly be able to do with it as we pleased. If this were the case, every piece of software would cost from dozens of thousands to billions of dollars per sale made. After all, nothing would've prevented the first buyer from legitimately making and selling copies of or otherwise sharing it with whoever they wanted.

    • You were buying that specific copy of the game, actually, just like movies and music.

    • Yep, it was always in the box/cd. Only thining that was really yours was tye box/manual/disc. People just never actually read anything before they click yes.... And then try to put the blame on others for their ignorance/laziness.
    • by tlhIngan ( 30335 )

      The difference is you were buying a license. The software maker couldn't really revoke your license to use it.

      With PlayStation, Steam, etc., you aren't buying a license. You're renting one. That is, you get a license to use the software, but PlayStation, Valve, Microsoft, etc may at anytime decide to revoke that license from you for whatever reason. So at best, it's a long term rental without a clear return date.

      And all the other stuff relating to owning the license versus renting the license - like being a

    • Even if I go back to the 1990s and boxed retail software, you were never actually buying the software, your purchase was for the license to use it.

      If that were true, copy protection would not exist and software companies would not care about software piracy or about the right to do a personal backup. Your statement is too simplistic for this discussion.

      • by SeaFox ( 739806 )

        Well, in the really old days this was it. You could "copy that floppy" and have your own pirate version of the software.
        In the later times you received a unique serial number/registration code in the software package that would unlock the software. This was not verified with a remote server or policed for the number of active installs. But then developed keygens to generate registration codes that software would accept as valid, and things turned to needing online activation.

        A logical solution would be that

  • Waste of time (Score:5, Interesting)

    by Bahbus ( 1180627 ) on Saturday June 20, 2026 @11:08PM (#66202220) Homepage

    And just like all the other similar lawsuits to this, it will won't get anywhere. Software sales have always worked this way (buying the license) and *online* software sales with server-sided or account-based licensing have always been inherently nontransferable (outside of selling your whole account privately). And Sony's store has the required legal disclosures. People not bothering to read the text that is plainly in front of them, or not understanding basic software licensing, is their own problem. I would call the lawyers repping these kids (no way they're older than 30) dumb for attempting this, but they're probably getting paid either way and thus don't care.

    • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

      will won't

      Guess my brain decided halfway through not using the contraction that it did want to use it. Sigh.

    • by Xenx ( 2211586 )

      And just like all the other similar lawsuits to this, it will won't get anywhere.

      Unlike other similar lawsuits, this is based on California's law requiring explicit disclosure. The wording of the law is such that it requires the notice to be clear and conspicuous, saying the notice needs to draw attention to itself. Just having it be in a legal disclosure does not meet the requirements. The screenshot in the article, assuming it's accurate, does not in fact meet those requirements.

      • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

        The wording of the law is such that it requires the notice to be clear and conspicuous, saying the notice needs to draw attention to itself.

        Incorrect. It requires plain language, link to full terms, and distinction from other ToS. In the screen shot, the box is obvious, one sentence covers ToS and link, the second separately covers the license factoid and link, and the text is very similar in size to most other text on the screen. These plaintiffs are just stupid.

        • Re:Waste of time (Score:4, Informative)

          by Aighearach ( 97333 ) on Sunday June 21, 2026 @03:02AM (#66202338)

          You're just pounding the table like an illiterate moron while making false assertions.

          It requires clear and conspicuous notice, unless they obtain the customer's express consent. Putting a checkbox with a link to a disclosure is not even close to express consent.

          Express consent usually requires putting the notice into it's own form, that you agree to with no other terms attached. That's why in financial or medical settings you're often asked for your signature multiple times; the things requiring express consent you're signing to acknowledge that single thing.

          If you don't understand the details, don't pound the table.

          • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

            Man it must be hard being as stupid as you are.

            It requires clear and conspicuous notice

            Per the law: "(1) “Clear and conspicuous” means in a manner that clearly calls attention to the language, such as in larger type than the surrounding text, or in contrasting type, font, or color to the surrounding text of the same size, or set off from the surrounding text of the same size by symbols or other marks."
            (emphasis mine)

            The box counts. Express consent is never required per the CA law.

            • Just an idiot pretending to be know-y.

              Emphasis yours, because you're grasping at straws. You didn't even comprehend the details you're arguing over.

              Express consent is never required per the CA law.

              Hey moron, it is required if the notice wasn't conspicuous. You were almost there; you got as far as reading the words about conspicuous notice, but then you fell right on your face and said:

              The box counts.

              No. A checkbox means nothing . It's the same to have a checkbox, or not even disclose it at all. It either has to be conspicuous, or you have to get express consent. A chec

    • People not bothering to read the text that is plainly in front of them...

      What good does that do? The companies can change the terms whenever the hell they want for any reason. The text means nothing.

      Software licenses should be contracts, not "agreements". Then the terms actually mean something.

    • And just like all the other similar lawsuits to this, it will won't get anywhere. Software sales have always worked this way

      It's not even a case of "software working this way" as much as it is a case of "Buying" or "Purchasing" isn't limited in any way to the act of getting goods. Historically the term has very much been used for both services and IP. And goods, services, and IP have always had contractual components.

      Some lawyer convinced their stupid client to part with some money I guess.

    • And just like all the other similar lawsuits to this, it will won't get anywhere. Software sales have always worked this way (buying the license)

      It doesn't matter how it has "always worked", because a new law was passed and Sony must follow the law [mofo.com]. At least read the summary before posting.

  • by Tom ( 822 )

    Mostly, the difference is some legales, but the kicker is: "revocable". That is an insane difference. I'm quite sure it doesn't say you get a refund if they revoke your license.

    • That’s why I pirate games without a shred of guilt. Why would I pay for a game when the author could take my money and then decide unilaterally at any time that I can no longer play the game, and without me having the right to a refund if that happens?
      • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

        You don't deserve to be playing games in the first place.

        • I'm not able of care even less about what you think.
          • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

            That's fine. It's just fact. You don't respect the time and effort that went into creating your enjoyment, then you factually don't deserve to have it at all.

            • by tepples ( 727027 )

              You don't respect the time and effort that went into creating your enjoyment

              Say I buy an indefinite license to use a video game. Then the game's publisher or the platform's owner unilaterally revokes that license. What do I have to show for having "respect[ed] the time and effort that went into creating your enjoyment"?

              • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

                What do I have to show for having "respect[ed] the time and effort that went into creating your enjoyment"?

                Memories of your enjoyment.

      • Re: revocable (Score:4, Interesting)

        by ToasterMonkey ( 467067 ) on Sunday June 21, 2026 @01:41AM (#66202288) Homepage

        Paying for something and then ignoring the terms you agreed to when you paid for it is one thing, but not paying for something then taking it anyway because you disagree, that's just dumb. It's not something you need and can't afford.

        Nobody owes you a video game on your terms you entitled snowflake. What a loser.

        • Re: revocable (Score:5, Insightful)

          by TheDarkMaster ( 1292526 ) on Sunday June 21, 2026 @02:25AM (#66202322)
          You are the only loser here ;)

          Actually, let's correct my comment a bit since you, being a snowflake, couldn't grasp the "why" of it. I actually used to buy games. But those were games that I still own, and if I want to play them again (even decades later), I can. While the games they currently sell to you they can take them away from you at any time, unilaterally and without warning. You'd have to be an idiot to accept those kinds of terms. So, pirating.

          Maybe one of these days they'll go back to selling games that are actually yours, and then I'll go back to buying games. But I think it's unlikely they'll change their minds.
          • by Tom ( 822 )

            Buy indie games.

            It's only the big players who have these delusions.

          • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

            You don't own any games and never have, unless you created it yourself.

            • So, the disc copy of Myst on my shelf (and, I do own the shelf) isn't my copy of the game?
              Bet it'd be infuriating to blow the money to buy GTAV, get it home, and find that they shut down the activation and download server, wouldn't it.

              • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

                Nope. You own a license to install and play Myst for as long as you have the media and hardware needed. If you lose that media or license, you aren't entitled to a another one.

          • But those were games that I still own, and if I want to play them again (even decades later), I can.

            No you don't. You own a limited use license to those games. The fact that the licensor hasn't implement a revocation system is technical, not legal, nothing to do with sale, nothing to do with purchasing vs renting. In fact you may very well be illegally breaching the terms of the license agreement if you install it today (most license agreements explicitly stated it was limited to use on a single PC).

            You're a pirate. Piracy still works today by the way.

    • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

      Why should you get a refund when they can't get a "refund" for your enjoyment from their product? That's like demanding a movie theater refund money you've spent previously because they no longer have the movie available anymore.

      • by Tom ( 822 )

        I'm not saying the right answer is to get a refund. The right answer is to not make the license revokable.

        For the theater comparison: If the theatre would invalidate my ticket and throw me out mid-movie, you can be sure that I'd ask for a refund. And in any sane jurisdiction, I'd get it.

        • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

          The right answer is to not make the license revokable.

          No. Because in the case of games with online features (or entirely only online like MMOs) if you are breaking rules, cheating, or otherwise being abusive in some way, shape, or form, you don't deserve to keep your license to play regardless of the amount of money you may have paid to acquire it.

          • by tepples ( 727027 )

            Narrowing:
            1. The right answer in the case of games with a substantial offline experience is to not make the license for the offline portion revocable.
            2. The right answer in the case of games without a substantial offline experience is to describe the license as a rental at all times.

            • by Bahbus ( 1180627 )

              1. This wouldn't work for most games and would break most of them worse in the long run.
              2. Rentals aren't not an accurate description either. When you rent something, you deprive the owner of that thing because you are the temporary "owner". When you rent a room or a house, the owner is not in it with you. When you rent tools from the hardware store, no one else can you those tools until you return them. Software does not work that way.

  • Just don't buy these crappy licenses. Retro-gaming is booming for a very good reason.

    And, if you're looking for another reason not to buy -- the way hardware prices are going, retro emulators are probably all we'll be able to play soon because nobody will be able to afford the GPUs and RAM needed to play the next wave of new release games anyway.

  • but perpetual licenses together with a medium that worked without internet access. If they would have sold you the game, you would have been allowed to copy it.

    • by tepples ( 727027 )

      That's like saying publishers of printed books, zines, and newspapers never sold books, zines, and newspapers.

      • by allo ( 1728082 )

        You are allowed to copy these for your friends (but not for selling or public sharing). You are not allowed to copy video games.

        • by tepples ( 727027 )

          printed books, zines, and newspapers

          You are allowed to copy these for your friends (but not for selling or public sharing).

          I never heard of that being the case in the United States, where the lawsuit described in the featured article was filed.

  • You DON'T OWN any games anymore IF it's Digital / online ! And when they drop the servers...gone !
    • And, that's what's at issue, here.
      You click But It Now or purchase the game/software at a store... are you, in fact, long-term renting the game for $85 or are you buying a copy of the game? If you are buying a copy of the game, do you not have an expectation that you can play that game or use that software next year or the year after that?

      And, this doesn't even get into making a copy for your own private use in case the bought disc gets scratched or eaten by the dog.

  • If they're not really selling games, then the gamers aren't really pirating them, either.

  • Whereby the lawyers get overpaid and you get shit. Sort of like 'buying' a game.
  • Make "Buy", "Own", and "Sell" reserved for actually owning something rather than licensing.

    Require the use of words like "Rent", "License", and "Borrow" when we are talking about licensing things.

    After all when you pay a landlord a monthly fee for the use of an apartment nobody says you bought it, own it, or it was sold.

    Similarly, we need to require IP businesses to follow the same conventions.

"The way of the world is to praise dead saints and prosecute live ones." -- Nathaniel Howe

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