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Electronic Frontier Foundation Privacy

Cops Searched Thousands of Flock Cameras for Reasons of 'LMAO,' 'IDK,' 'Hehe,' And 'Asdfg' (eff.org) 166

404 Media reports: Last summer, a cop with the Lake County, Indiana Sheriff's Department used Flock's surveillance search engine to look for a license plate across more than 19,000 cameras in 1,558 cities and towns. The cop's stated reason for the search, according to a record of Flock's system, was "LMAO."

The cop is one of dozens who put gibberish, jokes, or other nonsense into Flock's "reason" box, highlighting the casualness and lack of care some cops have when searching an incredibly powerful surveillance system. This is on top of the thousands upon thousands of cops who simply wrote something like "investigation," "test," or left the box blank as their search "reason," according to a new analysis by the Electronic Frontier Foundation and shared with 404 Media. EFF's investigation found cops across dozens of jurisdictions writing "LMAO," "LOL," "Hehe," "Haha," "idk," "blah," "TBD," and "robbery I don't remember the case number leave me alone" in Flock's "reason" box for searches.

They found cops writing "idiot," "fuck this new search engine," "dickhead," "shithead," and "WEIRD KID" in the reason box. And they found an entire class of police button mashers, who ran searches for reasons of "asdfg," "gyghkkghghjkghjk," "jhjhjkhj," "jkhhkjhjk," "nmbvcbnm," and so on and so forth. The searches came from police departments across the country from 2023 through late 2025, when Flock changed how the "reason" box in its search system functions...

Each time a search is performed, a record of it is saved in the Flock system, which can be obtained by the public using government records requests. These audit logs show hundreds of thousands of searches of the system; after 404 Media and other news outlets used these types of logs to show police using the Flock system to look for undocumented immigrants on behalf of ICE, a woman in Texas who had an abortion, and protesters, cops were warned by government surveillance centers to be "as vague as permissible" about the reasons for their searches...

A police department said it investigated a cop who wrote "driving around being weird" in the reason field but found it was for "legitimate public safety purposes."

If a police chief "stood in front of a city council and asked for permission to install hundreds of cameras just so his officers could investigate the high crime of 'haha,' they would be laughed out of the room," argues the EFF blog post, calling this proof that agencies can't be trusted to oversee themselves.

But judges aren't being asked to authorize searches or review evidence, which the EFF post argues shows laws and courts haven't caught up yet with a new technology. Whatever auditing happens is clearly "deficient," the EFF warns, and while many jurisdictions require by law an actual reason for searches, "this keeps happening because police use automated license plate readers as a convenient shortcut around constitutional privacy safeguards." The EFF sees police officers "making a mockery of our civil liberties" by logging reasons like "LOL", "LMAO", "sexy", and "idk" while accessing sensitive location data.

In fact, they argue the warrant-less databases fostered a culture of abuse that "allowed police to treat a mass surveillance network like their own personal search engine, permitting the tracking of the movements of everyday citizens for low-level complaints, personal whims, and sometimes, seemingly, for the lols." Flock Safety claims it has improved its system by requiring officers to select from a dropdown list of crimes before running a search-but that only makes it easier for officers to hide improper searches behind the veneer of uniformity. The system does not require proof that the dropdown reason actually matches the true purpose of the search... Since this update, officers are no longer required to type out why they are digging through a driver's movement history, and instead can select a pre-packaged option like "Traffic infraction" or "Other" in half a second...

Mass surveillance is incompatible with a free society, and especially so when the people with access to this data are treating it like a joke. This ALPR mass surveillance — the indiscriminate, continuous collection and retention of location data on every driver, regardless of suspicion — should not exist. But because it does, EFF continues to urge courts and state legislatures to immediately step in and impose strict, enforceable restrictions to rein in this abuse. At an absolute minimum, this means mandating rigid data deletion deadlines and an ironclad warrant requirement.

If police want the power to track a person's movements, they must be required to convince a judge with evidence and probable cause. They should not be able to bypass the Constitution with a search for "haha."

Cops Searched Thousands of Flock Cameras for Reasons of 'LMAO,' 'IDK,' 'Hehe,' And 'Asdfg'

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  • by haruchai ( 17472 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @10:51AM (#66338490)

    doctors & nurses get canned for looking at someone's chart if they're not directly associated with providing care

    • by MIPSPro ( 10156657 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @10:54AM (#66338498)
      The system needs to be dismantled. The cameras need to be removed or destroyed. Hand-slaps for everyone won't work. Cops don't get fired or disciplined like normal employees and anyone who says different isn't paying attention.
      • Preferably, but even in areas where police fight tooth and nail to keep them we can fix the problem. Granted the fix will probably result in them being removed.

        The fix is a couple parts:
        1) Requiring a warrant issued by a state judge to access the cameras at all, with the requirement that the officer personally testify to facts. No fobbing it on random informant, they are required to own it.
        2) Accessing the cameras without a warrant is a felony worth a minimum of 5 years in prison, but up to 10 years.
    • That's the real problem. Not the cost of locking them up but the cost of firing them.

      We turned police training into a racket for well-connected political operatives.

      This means that even though the training is substandard and focused on mostly violence that the vast majority of police officers will never get a chance to engage in (73% of cops will never draw their sidearm in their entire career) we spend a fortune training them.

      This means that every single municipality is desperate to snap up any
    • That would require new laws. Flock itself could easily force this by including in their contract something like $1M fee for unjustified search, with the money going to a fund to defend anyone unfairly accused with the help of their technology (yes, you can tie the payout to winning the case, but I'm sure there will be attorneys willing to take the case contingent on a win if they can charge $1,000 per hour). Any cop who racks up a few million dollar bill to their department will be promptly dispatched from
  • by gweihir ( 88907 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @10:51AM (#66338492)

    Many other countries do not have it and they are not dens of lawlessness.

    • The police will pitch a hissy fit and threaten a work stoppage.

      • This is a real problem.

        If we do not extend special treatment to cops, they will not do cop things for us and our communities will suffer.
        If we extend special treatment to cops, they abuse the privilege and our communities suffer.

        We can choose to be stricter about who can be a cop and only accept people who do good work without the need for special privileges. This would leave us with less cops, but they would be better cops.

        Can we handle having fewer, better cops? Or do we accept the diminished quality of

        • by gweihir ( 88907 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @07:45PM (#66339110)

          This is a real problem.

          It is. The additional problem with a badly restrained police is that you always slide towards a police state, where the police has no accountability and can do whatever they like as long as they still serve the rich and powerful. ICE is a nice example of that, even when it now looks like they may not get away with all the murdering, raping, child-abusing, etc. that they did.

          Hence the police must be restricted carefully, no doubt about that. Also makes it more expensive. But European standard is that cops have no immunity, just some special powers. They are typically required to get a bachelor’s degree before they are allowed to do anything and that weeds out most of the assholes that are just after power. Sure, there are still bad apples, but they have a high chance of getting caught and punished.

      • Good - if they stopped being proactive and only reacted to serious crimes involving people actually being harmed, the US would likely be a more pleasant place to live. Quality of life pigging lessens quality of life for everyone.
  • by v1 ( 525388 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @10:52AM (#66338494) Homepage Journal

    This seems like a very obvious and straightforward requirement, force the officer to select an active case to tie the inquiry to.

    And at the same time display a warning that selecting an unrelated case "will result in disciplinary action, up to and including termination".

    Make them just as accountable as any other security system in the pirvate sector.

    • Make them just as accountable as any other security system in the pirvate sector.

      That's how accountable they are now. Databases of PII you have to pay to access are just as accountable. There's a field, you enter something into the field or not, you click the button and get the report. For example Equifax's service The Work Number has a field for a tracking number but it's completely optional. I can put anything or nothing there when I use it. (As a rule, I put in nothing, because I am not trying to leak the slightest bit of unnecessary information to Equifax. It's bad enough you have t

      • Oh yeah I forgot to mention MERLIN, that was what I wanted to write about first. You can buy access to MERLIN via a data broker if you are in any industry which has a legitimate business interest. The prime example is debt collection but there's also PIs and mortgage officers and so on that can look up that data. All you really need to get access is a business license and a credit card. It doesn't let you look up SSNs, but you can look up a ton of shit even without one, and a metric fuckton with. So basical

    • by pjt33 ( 739471 )

      How do you propose that this would work? Would Flock have access to each police department's database of active cases? That would be a cure worse than the disease.

      • by haruchai ( 17472 )

        "How do you propose that this would work? Would Flock have access to each police department's database of active cases"
        I imagine it could be made to work the way a federated login works, like how you can use your Gmail / FB / Twitter account to login almost anywhere without the site you're trying to login to knowing any details beyond your userID

      • by Bahbus ( 1180627 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @11:21AM (#66338562) Homepage

        Flock doesn't need access to the police database. There just needs to be somebody at each police dept that reviews all Flock searches for their dept, make sure they match a legitimate case, and be able to bring down punishments - specifically any officer grossly misusing Flock system, even once, should be immediate fired with any and all related credentials revoked.

      • by amp001 ( 948513 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @11:32AM (#66338582)
        Remove the ability to log directly in to Flock to initiate a search. Add new "initiate Flock search" button in the digital evidence management (DEMS) case screen that sends the case number directly into Flock to open the Flock search interface. Lots of ways to accomplish that with varying levels of security, but the point is, the user should never be able to initiate a search without it being tied to a case inside DEMS and should never be able to just enter whatever they want in place of a case number. Ideally, now DEMS has a direct link inside its case to the Flock search and results. Yeah, this means Flock has to have an API of some kind that DEMS can integrate with, and DEMS has to be enhanced to do so. But, these are the kinds of guardrails that should have been there from the start to minimize abuse.

        Of course, this moves the attack (abuse) surface from Flock into DEMS. But, DEMS should already have strong guardrails around creating new cases (should always be linked to CAD / Records to start with). This kind of inter-system linkage is complex, but necessary, not just to mitigate Flock abuse.
        • by Heathren-bert ( 671356 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @03:47PM (#66338902) Journal
          I like this idea. I work in health care and our prescribers can prescribe medications electronically, but they have to do it through the electronic medical/health record to do so from the clients record. This is is then attached to the clients record with the prescribers information and sent to the pharmacy. So they can't just send prescriptions to the pharmacy to not real clients. So similar to how you've described it with the DEMS; it should be possible but that would restrict them from having the free access to the database, which I think is what they are wanting. For like the children or something.
        • by robot5x ( 1035276 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @03:48PM (#66338904)

          no mod points but great post

          I find it amazing that nobody sat down and planned this out with this thinking in place - I know in healthcare it's basically impossible to do anything without having to integrate according to ABC standards and aligning to XYZ regulation. It really seems like someone just said "yeah let's use Flock, here's a search engine, have fun!". Truly mind boggling.

      • No, that would be an auditing middleware layer within the local PD.

        Once you progress through that layer, then it would allow access to the Flock data.

    • This.

      If the "reason" box isn't a pre-populated menu with legally validated options, someone royally fucked up that UI long before even considering the issues of mass survellience in America.

      On a related note, no one managed to use "Copy McCopface" as the reason? C'mon man. If you're gonna troll the system, at least fashionably troll it.

    • Because they know the next county over will hire them in a heartbeat to avoid paying the money to train another cop. We made it stupidly expensive to train police because we made it the corrupt mess like we do with everything...

      So they will just pick a case that's open and tie it to that and move on.

      If you want to make them accountable you have to change how you vote. The lack of police accountability is a political problem. You can't solve it with a few minor policy tweeks
    • by Holi ( 250190 )

      "will result in disciplinary action, up to and including termination"

      NO it is a violation of the law for them to use it like this, The punishment must include jail time and be out of the departments hands.

  • They had to write something, and stating the reason as "Stalking my ex [cnn.com]" wouldn't look good
  • by Turkinolith ( 7180598 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @11:10AM (#66338534)
    "If a police chief "stood in front of a city council and asked for permission to install hundreds of cameras just so his officers could investigate the high crime of 'haha,' they would be laughed out of the room,""

    Uh, have these people seen some of these city council folks before? Some of them would gladly throw money at the police department for any reason.
  • by TWX ( 665546 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @11:12AM (#66338542)

    Or as it was put nearly two millennia ago, "Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?"

    This is why systems like this require human oversight. Arguably if there's a judicial review process for allowing searches, then this system needs to be required to use that process. With a system containing precinct, local court district, municipal, county, state, and federal district jurisdictions, the nature of setting up proper permissions alone should be a mandatory herculean effort, probably the most difficult part of the entire system.

    Without such a system requiring judicial oversight to confirm that searches are authorized, all we have is a further slide into a police-state.

    • The problem is Flock is a private company so in theory anyone can pay for access. It just so happens all the customers are the police. That's the legal loophole.

      • by TWX ( 665546 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @12:19PM (#66338630)

        It is possible to put laws into place that require how public-private partnerships work. It would be an imposition upon Flock and upon the police. And that is just fine, and as it should be.

        Law enforcement contracting to the private sector should not be allowed to be a bypass of our rights.

        • by dryeo ( 100693 )

          Law enforcement contracting to the private sector should not be allowed to be a bypass of our rights.

          Which raises the question, will the Supreme Court rule 5-2 or 4-3 that Flocks 1st amendment right to do business (a form of speech) is the more important right.

    • by flink ( 18449 )

      This is why systems like this require human oversight.

      This is why systems like this should never be allowed to be built in the first place and should be destroyed wherever they are found.

  • So essentially they added an unvalidated text box field that never gets checked but is intended to give Flock immunity from litigation because "Hey, it's the customer's responsibility to make sure the data is correct".

    Someone needs to sue Flock silly to show them their place and their legal obligations.

    Every single request should be validated by a human, ideally with a legal background.

    You want access? Sure, let us properly review it first. Screw the fact that you want it now, Joe. 10 working days, mate. Ta

  • by slipped_bit ( 2842229 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @12:13PM (#66338622)

    Of course they're going to behave this way. People forget that cops are just 'D' students with guns.

  • We need to find out the names, addresses, vehicles, etc. of every Flock employee and set up 24x7 surveillance not only of them, but of their entire family. The resulting videos/photos should be posted online along with corresponding metadata including geolocation. This data/metadata should be heavily replicated so that it can't be taken down and it should be correlated against whatever databases are available in order to build dossiers that are complete as possible.

    This is what Flock's doing to us; we
  • by BrendaEM ( 871664 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @12:39PM (#66338652) Homepage
    It is unAmerican to give power without checks and balances.
  • by ahoffer0 ( 1372847 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @12:41PM (#66338656)

    Sounds like we will need to go down the route of requiring warrants to access the data. If a judge can be convinced of the need to run a particular query, then law enforcement should be allowed to run that query. No warrant, no access.

    • by PPH ( 736903 )

      That's a good start. Assuming that many of these searches aren't being used for personal reasons.

      Imagine having a case go to court and the defense counsel asks, "What was your probable cause for detaining my client?" And the cop on the stand can only cite the Flock evidence with "LMAO" as justification. Thrown right out of court.

      So many of these searches may never reach a courtroom. Fine. Until the DOJ gets a few complaints and they come in to investigate. And uncover this b.s. (see Seattle Police Departm [wikipedia.org]

      • It's laughable that you think this administration's DOJ is interesting in doing anything about Flock, and absolutely absurd you think it would take "just a few complaints" for them to take any action at all.

        This ship has sailed mate. DOJ is at the fucking helm.
        • by PPH ( 736903 )

          Which administration? The DOJ complaints/investigations/consent decree against the Seattle police department started during the Clinton administration (or before), generated findings during G.W. Bush's and was acted upon during Obama's.

          Law enforcement in general and the DOJ in particular are less political than you think*. And it's not Flock they will be doing something about. It's the abuse by the local police departments.

          *Every time I hear accusations of politicized law enforcement, I just envision the

  • by King_TJ ( 85913 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @12:47PM (#66338662) Journal

    ...and I know from years of experience in I.T. that any time you give people the ability to do a database search, you'll get people putting nonsense in fields for testing purposes. So at least SOME of the "button mashing" and entries like "dickhead" sound to me like officers trying out the system for the first time, or experimenting because they weren't trying to conduct a REAL license plate search.

    That doesn't disturb me as much as the overall problem of allowing these searches without a warrant or at least a judicial review. Even if it's decided that a license plate search doesn't rise to the level of requiring a warrant to conduct it? There should absolutely be someone reviewing the searches being done. (EG. The officer who is too lazy to properly document why he/she is doing them and consistently leaving fields empty needs to be punished.)

  • Seems like some people only care about things, like privacy, rules, etc... when it's concerning and/or affects them. I expect more from law enforcement officers -- any public servants really -- but am not naive enough to believe we'll (always) get that. A lot of dickheads are drawn to positions of power/authority over others.

  • Before a council meeting...

    Should have the desired effect!

  • Isn't any query of the Flock database for a license plate a SEARCH, which as I undestand the Constitution should requires a WARRANT?
  • by MikeDataLink ( 536925 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @01:21PM (#66338734) Homepage Journal

    That should be the only way to access flock.

  • Those in charge who let this get deployed with the reason for the search being optional are the most egregious offenders. If that is a design choice by the manufacturers or the police is irrelevant. The statement is loudly displayed that they don't even need a reason to search much less a warrant. Bad faith from the start if you ask me about the constitutionality.

  • by Baron_Yam ( 643147 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @02:00PM (#66338804)

    It's unacceptable, but not necessarily nefarious.

    You have a case, you have a case number. The interface is stupid and you can't paste it in, you have to type it out every time. And every selected camera is another query with that same field waiting for the 15 character code.

    You get bored, you type in crap knowing A) people rarely check if there's no complaint and B) you have a case.

    I can't say that's what happens with every system, but that's why the video logs look like this on the ones I've touched. Which is also why we captured logon ID and didn't just rely on trusting the manual input.

    You know what they fucked with far less often? CPIC queries. Abuse CPIC and you lose your job because if you don't lose your job, the RCMP pulls the police service's access. It should be the same locally, but it typically isn't.

    • Should this also work for when they request a warrant from a judge?

      Judge 'Why do you need this warrant'

      Officer 'LMAO'

      Citizens rights should not be tossed aside because they don't audit a lot or because they didn't want to type the real reason in correctly.

      • As I said... not acceptable, but not necessarily nefarious.

        I'm all for an arms-length agency that controls police data and equipment so there's no opportunity for people within an agency to cover each other's asses.

        I think when you put on a badge and assume the authority it grants over others, you should be held to a much higher standard. This does not seem to be a common enough belief to actual have such standards implemented.

    • Avoiding oversight IS nefarious.

      If they were testing then they should have put that in as the reason.

      Don't make excuses for those who should be held to the highest standard.

  • Require a valid search warrant.
  • It's rather amusing that Flock also spies on the cops using it.

  • Do the officers each log in with unique credentials or was the user name literally "a cop". I guess kudos for allowing user names with spaces in them.
  • The "reason" needs to be a warrant number, full stop.

  • by rickb928 ( 945187 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @04:02PM (#66338918) Homepage Journal

    Consider:

    Traffic stop. Officer is making 'small talk'. "Where ya goin?". Where ya comin from?".

    These are generally not 'small talk'. They are fishing questions, cop asking for info that could lead to suspicion, and detention while they dig for more.

    And these sorts of questions can generally be answered by, simply, "None of your business, officer".

    Every subsequent question, such as "I'm just making small talk", or "Hey, no big deal", or "What's the problem, you have something to hide?" are all just follow up fishing questions. And deserve no answer.

    During a traffic stop, Flock gives officers information they would normally be lawfully denied, like "Where ya coming from?". Flock sidesteps your right to constitutionally refuse such information (and in the absence of reasonably articulable suspicion or other evidence, during a traffic stop, denies the officer the right to demand such information) and as such is a blight on constitutional protections. Flock must be better controlled, or abandoned.

    And officers using Flock to look up the plates of their ex, former landlord, or the random guy who gave them a dirty look at a stop light are plainly violating these individuals' rights, and must be sanctioned. And the supervision of the abuses systems similarly sanctioned. Meaningful sanctions, every incident.

    The Government rarely surrenders access to information. They seek power at every opportunity. In America, only the Constitution, and adherence to law, can nominally restrict this.

    • We give them a lot of leeway because they have a hard job, it's stressful, and it's very difficult to keep people on the police force for more than 5 years. Most of the cops I know that lasted through the first 5 years are Army or Marine combat veterans. None of that gives them the right to violate people's rights, and I'm not sure why they do it. They'll get paid the same whether they actively seek out cases or not. I think some of them are the kinds of people who seek conflict. That tracks with the domest

  • If I was designing that reason input, you would have to add the reason, the time of relevant, and attach a picture of yourself. Once you do that, you'd have to get at least two other independent officers sign off, with one being your superior, who becomes liable if missed used. Once all of that is done, and confirmed, then you could run your search.

    It wouldn't prevent abuse, but it would slow it down, and provide a chain of verification, so a single officer alone couldn't violation peoples freedom.
  • No donut.

  • by WolfgangVL ( 3494585 ) on Tuesday September 15, 2026 @07:34PM (#66339100)

    There's simply no way to make this tool not be abused.

  • I get the anger towards the police clearly abusing the system. But why would it be otherwise ok for a private, for-profit company to do this? And while they may only be making the license plate search available to police, it isn't as if there is some magical limit on what Flock can use the images for. "License plate camera" is just the PR simplification.
  • by Tom ( 822 )

    agencies can't be trusted to oversee themselves.

    We knew that. But now we have proof.

    Will anything happen because of that? Nah, I don't think so. A few token gestures maybe. A friendly mail to everyone saying to write better reasons, followed up by an informal mail that tells them to ignore the previous one.

    This isn't a mistake. It's intentional. The more arbitrary and uncontrolled the police can act, the more it is feared, the more it is a tool for oppression and not a part of civil society, the more likely the cops will stand on the side of the powerful

  • by greytree ( 7124971 ) on Wednesday September 16, 2026 @03:54AM (#66339362)
    People here are showing their ignorance. Disappointing.

    LMAO: Law Maintenance And Operations
    ROFL: Regional Operations & Field Liaison
    GTFO: General Transport & Fugitive Operations
  • by n2hightech ( 1170183 ) on Wednesday September 16, 2026 @09:20AM (#66339626)
    Flock cameras are a great tool for fighting crime. It's a damn shame that the police are destroying their right to use it by treating it with such disrespect. We need some laws with real teeth that put a stop to such misuse. Face logging of officers who use the system. Oversight review of all searches. Clear requirements for use. Public disclosure of all misuse. Officer discipline for misuse including loss of job, fines or jail. The people who said be vague on your reason should be fired right now. We do not need people like that in law enforcement. I have been a big Flock supporter but this is changing my opinion. This is why we cannot have nice things.
  • Do they not have the names of the officers who VIOLATED THE LAW and gave these bs reasons?
    And if they have the names, why are they not being prosecuted?

    Kinda hard to pass the blame on this one when the departments are not holding their officers accountable

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