Carbon Nanotube Memory on the Way 134
Cyberherbalist writes "Nantero, a nanotechnology company, is expecting prototypes of products using NRAM technology (nanotube-based, non-volatile random access memory) to be available in 2006. In the article at nature.com, it says that 'the company has succeeded in making circular wafers, 13 centimetres in diameter, that hold 10 gigabits of data.' And they are ten times faster than 'flash' memory."
Wafer? (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Re:Wafer? (Score:4, Insightful)
That would make you a 100% technology elitist. If I, for one, would build a server, I would make it out of small, cheap, proven reliable, available components that I know rather than (presumably) expensive, large, unavailable non-field-tested new technology for which the only incentive to buy them would be they are 'cool'...
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Insightful)
Current DRAM chips were there years ago: current DRAM chips are around 1Gbit per square centimeter. On a ~5" wafer, this means ~40 potentially working chips per wafer and 40Gbits/wafer, four times as much.
And as far as downtime reduction goes, NRAM would be no good unless the server has time to suspend-to-RAM... so you would still need an UPS or ultra-capacitors to cover this.
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Interesting)
Well, unless the server was written using memory transactions [microsoft.com], which are starting to look like a good idea for other reasons also. If you had a transactional layer on top of your NVRAM, then you could structure things to allow crash recovery as well; then you could recover from any crash at any time.
It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:2)
Battery backups are a LOT cheaper for now that exotic stateful memory solutions. You can have your speed and keep it too. Battery backups aren't very expensive.
Even a crummy laptop can standby for several days (my crummy 2002 Toshiba $1000 unit lasts 5 days)
Re:It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:1)
Of course, if there were some way to manually reset the memory, that'd be alright.
Re:It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:2, Interesting)
But the real point is, *when* I reboot a machine, I'm doing it because I need it to run from a clean slate. I don't want the previously cras
Re:It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:3, Insightful)
Think of the power savings if computers only had to be on when we were actually *used* them...
--S
Re:It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:1)
Notebooks
Re:It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:2)
My notebook will "suspend to RAM" and "suspend to disk" so again, assuming nothing has flaked out, I don't need to reboot it either. Currently my uptime on the notebook is about 12 days; I shut it down a while ago before heading thru an airport, otherwise it's always ready to use.
Re:It's a bad idea to pick up where you left off (Score:2)
Simply wire that kind of circuit to trip a relay that writes 0s to the ram and you're golden.
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
So you would have spent a fortune of a small amount of memory, and would not benefit in the slightest.
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Funny)
When they got bugs in the system, they could correct the memory by hand with a magnet...
Ah, those were the completely off-topic days.
Justin.
Re:Wafer? (Score:1, Offtopic)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Actually, no, that's wrong. Last I checked, a kilobit is 128 bytes...
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
...when a byte is 8 bits. This is not always the case. Even modern parity memory stores 9 bits per byte (well, 36 bits per word), even if only 8 of those virtual bits are visible to the user.
It doesn't seem completely impossible that a machine old enough to use core memory might have also had 4-bit bytes, giving 256 bytes per kilobit (yes, kilo and not kibi - you can't make me say it).
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
But nobody used 4-bit characters. (4 bits == 16 combinations. Won't work.)
Besides, IBM *invented* the term byte for their 360 series computers (s.a. EBCDIC), and specified it as 8 bits.
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
J.
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Mind you these densities are only been achieved in small quantities in labs. If we compare to tradition
Re:Wafer? (Score:1, Funny)
It's a prototype for Christ's sake....it'll get smaller with time.
That's what she said.
Re:Wafer? (Score:2, Interesting)
Jon Jungel
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Informative)
For one, it's first-gen stuff. It will likely gain density quickly in the future. Also, don't forget this is basically NVRAM: way faster than a hard-drive, and way more permanent than DRAM. It fills a unique niche and cannot directly be compared to or replace either of the two. (Well, it could replace hard drives, if it shrunk enough). The day is coming (slowly) when the primary storage on any computer system will probably be some sort of nonvolatile solid-state device. Hard drives with spindles will be for bulk data (music, movies, documents), while the OS goes on the nonvolatile ram which is neccesarily much smaller in size, but more reliable and faster to access. You can do things that way now under Windows or Linux by buying a 1-4 GB-ish solid state flash disk for your root disk (or C: drive) and then putting in a large normal hard drive for all your bulk data, but current SSD technology is overpriced and suffers from various little problems, both of which make it impractical for mass deployment even if the OS vendors put more thought into supporting the setup.
Re:Wafer? (Score:5, Informative)
It may gain density, but gain little in reliability. I have a Ph.D. in solid state physics, so I should respond. The carbon nanotubes bend to make connect with an electrode, so something moves. This is usually a bad sign for long-term reliability. Ask telecom technicians if they would like to replace their solid state transistor-based switches with moving switches. Their answer will be that these moving parts wore out.
This memory might not improve to the point that it becomes more reliable than your present NVRAM.
It is very easy for a scientist to produce one working device in the lab. We call these hero devices. The rest of the world does not know this. When engineers get ahold of these claims, though, they tear them up, since the process might not be cheap, reliable or scaleable.
So yes, it might get better, but I wonder if this group and the related scientist have invented new physics. Have they fundamentally changed the way mechanical switches make contact, the way electrons move and are held in capacitors, and the way domains set up in magnetic memory? I think not. I think this is a step backwards towards old mechanical swithces made smaller and reliable memory made unreliable.
Re:Wafer? (Score:4, Insightful)
I'm not a materials researcher, but I could imagine reasons why macroscopic phenomena like "wearing out" don't apply to nanomaterials. It seems at least remotely possible that these nanotubes are small enough that their mechanism of movement is completely understood, and there aren't any nonreversible reactions taking place.
Re:Wafer? (Score:3, Informative)
Indeed. I am a materials researcher (a very young and uneducated one however), and "movement" may have several definitions... in a paperclip for example, bending it back and forth inches crystal planes over one another until dislocations pile up and the whole thing is too brittle to bend anymore (planes don't slide well through dislocations). In a ceramic, flexure causes intrinsic pores and cracks to propagate until a large fracture forms. In a ferroelectric, ions move back and forth from their rest pos
Re:Wafer? (Score:3, Informative)
A mechanical moving switch (which is the type of switch I imagined you were talking abou
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Re:Wafer? (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
The question is what is the wear rate and meantime between failures of the nanotube?
Re:Wafer? (Score:1)
It's probably also a prototype and the size'll shrink more soon.
Re:Wafer? (Score:2, Interesting)
--
Q
Re:Wafer? (Score:3, Funny)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Re:Wafer? (Score:1)
I know that this is surely off topic, but I can't restrain myself.
You're actually the first person I've seen really _use_ this "term" in a sentence. I heard of it a while back, and cringed. But I cringed again seeing it actually used
"Mebi" can kiss my ass.
Thank you for listening to my rant.
Now back to your regular
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
That prototype is 2 years old (Score:5, Informative)
Re:Wafer? (Score:1)
A 13 centimeter wafer that can hold 1.25 gigabyte of data? That's not impressive.
That's probably why they call it a prototype. A fragile wood-and-fabric contraption that can carry only one man and fly less than 100 feet? That's not impressive.
What is impressive about it is that it is non-volatile and faster than flash memory. If the storage density can be upped by two orders of magnitude, it will be a serious competitor for platter-based hard drives. I have long felt that the distinction between "temp
Re:Wafer? (Score:1)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
Re:Wafer? (Score:2)
by Anthony (4077) *
Your
What next? (Score:1, Funny)
Transistor (Score:3, Insightful)
When the transistor replaced vacuum tubes it only became economically viable when it was produced on a large scale.
Not viable (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:Not viable (Score:2)
Depends on how they are unreliable. If say 75% of the tubes one a wafer can't be used to store data, but the ones that do work keep working you can map out the bad ones much like you do with bad disk blocks. On the other hand if they come off the line fine but 75% of them die after a month or two, well, there isn't much use for them.
And of corse you need to calculate the cost per bit after the mapping overhead,
Re:Not viable (Score:1)
If reliable, even though expensive, it will certainly be useful. 10 gigs of fast non-volatile random access memory has many uses, even if very expensive. Those uses just might be niche markets, but they exist just the same.
wow!! (Score:4, Funny)
these guys [ http://atomchip.com/_wsn/page4.html [atomchip.com] ] would love it ! it sounds like the perfect complementary technology to their unique advancement of computing!
Seriously, this nanotech stuff kicks ass, if it doesnt have the same write burn flash memory has, then this stuff would make solid state storage possible and FAST
Re:wow!! (Score:2, Informative)
7 gigaherz 64 bit processor, 2 terabytes flash hard drive in a laptop? sure...
Re:wow!! (Score:2)
Re:wow!! (Score:2)
Re:wow!! (Score:2)
Re:wow!! (Score:2)
I want to see the stuned audience, or the laughter.
Dvorak is gonna run em down and check it, but i doubt hell get em on tape
ten times (Score:1, Flamebait)
And ten times as yummy! (Score:2)
Re:And ten times as yummy! (Score:2)
Silicon nanotubes (Score:2)
Hype? (Score:5, Funny)
So far I have heard that they will be the next steel, the next silicon, the next communication line, the next display medium, the next fabric, the next medicinal treatment. I just want to know is will this change the world in the same fundamental way that mineral oil did in the 20th?
Re:Hype? (Score:2, Informative)
Re:Hype? (Score:5, Funny)
Or the way snake oil did in the 19th?
Re:Hype? (Score:1)
Re:Hype? (Score:5, Interesting)
It's an interesting fact that carbon is the key component for mineral oil.
Carbon, just like silicon, has 4 electrons in their outer orbit.
Carbon is one of the 4 components for life (C,H,O,N).
So, yes, why not?
But here's something *VERY* interesting: There has been research on nanotubes made with transition metals. As well as DNA-based nanotube-like structures.
I think this is just the beginning. This week physorg reported bioelectronical components using bacteria. Who knows what the future holds for us? of course, assumming we don't destroy ourselves before we get there.
Re:Hype? (Score:2, Interesting)
I know you're not a native speaker, but this is a common turn of phrase which always amuses me when I see or hear it.
It really should be, "assuming we don't destroy ourselves instead of getting there." The way it's worded, I get a "Monkey's Paw" feeling where the mangled corpse of the son is coming home (in the above, its our mangled corpses reaching "the future" (cue Zappa noise)).
Re:Hype? (Score:1)
If you pride yourself on being one, perhaps you could try reading up on when "its" is appropriate, and when "it's" is. It's not "its our mangled corpses", it's "it's." It's not too difficult, especially for the native speaker that you purport to be.
Short lesson:
its = of or belonging to sth.
it's = it is
Hope this helps,
-ram
Re:Hype? (Score:2)
Your tone seems demeaning. Mine wasn't, it was amused. You're highlighting a typing error (these things just happen); I'm pointing out a thinking issue (acknowledging/understanding it can make the speaker/writer better).
But yeah, thanks for your attempt at irony which is every more ironful because of your typo.
(My mentioning "native speaker" was only because I've seen said poster discussing not being a native speaker, and appreciating any help.)
Re:Hype? (Score:2)
You mean apart from phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorine, iron, cobalt, chromium, copper, iodine, manganese, selenium, zinc, and molybdenum. And probably a few more we don't understand.
Re:Hype? (Score:2)
Is there anything you can't do with carbon nanotubes?
Divorce them. It's totally impossible. I've tried.
Re:Hype? (Score:2)
At least nobody succeeded so far.
Eli (Score:2)
Magnetic Press? (Score:1)
Yes, but... (Score:5, Funny)
"On The Way" (Score:4, Insightful)
Re:"On The Way" (Score:2, Insightful)
I remember hearing about Perpendicular [hitachigst.com] drives. You can buy them now.
(Ok, I know its not a huge advance, but I like the marketting, so its mentioned here)
Re:"On The Way" (Score:2)
Re:"On The Way" (Score:2)
Progress is great, but these companies are so eager to hype their technology that they jump the gun. And then they find out a month later that there's a huge problem with acually mass producing them. Or, the
More nano hype. (Score:1, Informative)
Re:More nano hype. (Score:5, Informative)
Recent story [newsfactor.com]
Re:More nano hype. (Score:2)
Re:More nano hype. (Score:2)
Yeah, and optical disks that hold gigabytes... (Score:3, Insightful)
Then you had promises that they would release optical disks that would hold gigabytes [wikipedia.org]...that's right GIGABYTES, of data. Did they ever show up?
Even just a few years ago, we heard about this 'pixie dust' stuff for hard drives. This technology was supposed to make hard drive density high enough
Perhaps RAM isn't the ideal application... (Score:5, Interesting)
Only one thing concerns me, tho. 2 years ago, Nantero had announced the fabrication of their nanotube memory. I was skeptical then, and I'm still a bit skeptical. What if their prototypes don't work? Will Nantero suffer the fate of so many dot-com's we all (don't) know about?
Only time will tell.
Re:Perhaps RAM isn't the ideal application... (Score:5, Insightful)
Re:Perhaps RAM isn't the ideal application... (Score:2)
I agree with your perspective. The only really big hiccups I recall where prototypes were talked about in the popular press as the next big thing were "silicon was too slow and was going to be replaced by GaAs by the mid 80's" and "Bubble Memory".
Some things also take longer than expected to become economical. I saw Vertical Density recording in floppy diskettes at a Hitachi exhibition in Tokyo in 1983. IIRC, they had >3MB in 3.5in and >8MB in 5.25in. I can't remmeber if there were hard drives there
Re:Perhaps RAM isn't the ideal application... (Score:2)
Re:Perhaps RAM isn't the ideal application... (Score:1, Informative)
http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn3838 [newscientist.com]
13 centimeters diameter??? 10 Gigabits???? (Score:2, Insightful)
This is not going to replace ANYTHING with these dimensions... I can get an Ipod NANO with 4 GB of space, and I get a screen, a click wheel, audio processor, and a battery in less space...
Re:13 centimeters diameter??? 10 Gigabits???? (Score:1)
Nice (Score:1)
But why? (Score:1, Funny)
Hacking DSLR's? (Score:1)
Uhm, nano technology (Score:2)
That's it? (Score:3, Informative)
Down the tubes! (Score:3, Funny)
What are the odds? (Score:2)
not hype this time (Score:2)
I'm not saying they're going to hit the exact specs they're shooting for, just that the basic science is prooven, and
NRAM? What happened to MRAM? (Score:1)
I've seen them in person. (Score:1)
The ones I saw were made from Acetylene gas and ammonia. A tiny particle of Iron starts the process of tube formation. The carbon adheres to the base of the iron particle and builds up from there, the iron particle determining the diameter of the tube.
Reminded me of the smelly back snake fireworks I used to like as a kid.
Except that they are a lot small