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Earth Power Technology

New Solar Capacity Beats Coal and Wind, Again 356

Lucas123 writes Solar energy installations beat both wind generated and coal-fired energy for the second year in a row, according to a new report from GTM Research. While solar only makes up about 1 percent of U.S. energy, in 2014, it added nearly as many new megawatts as natural gas, which is approaching coal as the country's primary energy source. Solar capacity grew 32 percent from 2013 to 2014 and GTM is predicting it will grow 59% YoY this year. Just two years ago, in 2012, coal represented 41% of new energy capacity and solar only 10%. Last year, coal was down to 23% of new electrical capacity. Solar capacity growth last year represents a 12-fold increase over the amounts being installed in 2009. Key to solar adoption has been falling costs across market segments and states.
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New Solar Capacity Beats Coal and Wind, Again

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  • by wisebabo ( 638845 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @02:32AM (#49239523) Journal

    Whenever I hear about all the stupid comments and grandstanding from politicians trying to pander to a scientifically illiterate (American) public I despair. However when I look at the (long predicted and now achieved) strides in solar power, a see a "ray" of hope.

    Finally solar power is becoming cost competitive even with coal. Hopefully in a few more years and certainly less than a decade it will be decisively so. At that point, one hopes, renewable power will no longer be a political decision but a purely economic one.

    This, of course, won't solve global warming, certainly not "over night" (ha ha). The vast build up of CO2, thermal lag and feedback loops (permafrost melting) means we will be dealing with this for generations to come. But it might slow down the buildup enough so that new carbon sequestration technologies created (again by scientists and technologists) can fix the problem for good.

    • Re: (Score:3, Informative)

      Yeah... wooo hooo Solar produces many giga watts of power, while coal continues to spread CO2, uranium and heavy metals at an increasing rate

      Does it bother anybody else that nuclear isn't even mentioned in passing in the linked article?

      It has been well documented that Solar has a high initial energy cost for production, suffers from spikes and lulls in availability and cannot be easily transferred across the US due to an aging and outdated power transmission system. Why does not anybody in the solar industr

      • by itzly ( 3699663 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @03:03AM (#49239601)

        Why does not anybody in the solar industry step up and support nuclear energy as the logical replacement for coal to fill all of the known gaps in solar power?

        Why can't the nuclear industry take care of their own stuff ?

        • by Anonymous Coward on Thursday March 12, 2015 @03:55AM (#49239731)

          > Why can't the nuclear industry take care of their own stuff ?

          Because they got used to the military paying the bills and generally babysitting them. It has been too cozy for them having the military as a giant revenue "vacuum cleaner" sucking up tax money and pouring it into their pockets.

          Hopefully that time is ending. Hopefully.

        • by lolop ( 677387 )

          Because they will be closed long before their stuff become harmless.
          So their stuff will become a public funded problem.

      • Why does not anybody in the solar industry step up and support nuclear energy as the logical replacement for coal to fill all of the known gaps in solar power?

        Because it isn't that. Nuclear can't be ramped up and down quickly, so it's not useful for filling in.

        • Re: (Score:2, Interesting)

          by Anonymous Coward

          Why does not anybody in the solar industry step up and support nuclear energy as the logical replacement for coal to fill all of the known gaps in solar power?

          Because it isn't that. Nuclear can't be ramped up and down quickly, so it's not useful for filling in.

          Most existing plants were not designed to load follow, but nuclear certainly can load follow relatively quickly. Not quite as fast as gas, but pretty quickly. The size of the plant is a factor as well.

          The solar industry wants as much money as it can get, so it will villify all other sources as much as it can. Of course, they can't attack wind because they'd split their base, and they can't attack gas because new gas installations enable the grid to handle new solar. Either way, the oil and gas industry is q

        • I think the solution to all this is to move to a system where everybody has a big battery or capacitor bank in their house. That way we can get rid of the need to ramp up the power. The power draw will be basically constant, and we will be able to make do with a much smaller capacity on the grid. It's not cost effective to do this yet, but as battery prices come down, it will become cheaper, and eventually make sense to have something like this in your house. Combine that with a couple solar panels on you
          • by mjgday ( 173139 )

            Lead Acid batteries are tricky to maintain and if not maintained well then their in-out efficiency falls ~50% pretty quickly.

            Li-ion is better on both fronts, but Lithium is scarce.

            There are other storage technologies, Pumped Hydro http://www.fhc.co.uk/dinorwig.htm being the most tried and tested one, but Pumped Heat http://www.isentropic.co.uk is being developed now, and there's Tidal lagoons, and hot salt, however none of these are domestic in scale.

            I think in general economies of scale and effciencies of

            • by Bob the Super Hamste ( 1152367 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @09:16AM (#49241107) Homepage
              Why bother with Li-ion or lead acid when there are batteries that can really stand up to abuse [wikipedia.org] that have been around for over a century. Granted a nickel-iron battery isn't as energy dense as the other 2 but in a stationary install that is not a big concern. Add to it that they can be refreshed fairly easily after a multi-decade initial lifespan and they become a good enough solution. If one were to look for a better technology to install at the substation level there is always the sodium-sulfur batteries [wikipedia.org] but those would be something I would want to keep out of the hands to the general public since I could see some dumb ass working on their home putting a nail through it with catastrophic results.
              • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

                by mjgday ( 173139 )

                I had not heard of nickel-iron batteries before this[0], but they don't look promising:

                "Due to its low specific energy, poor charge retention, and high cost of manufacture, other types of rechargeable batteries have displaced the nickel–iron battery in most applications" The poor charge retention seems to suggest that the in-out efficiency will be low as well.

                There are other chemical batteries that would be better, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium_redox_battery springs to mind, and the sodium su

                • by mlts ( 1038732 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @10:24AM (#49241615)

                  NiFe batteries (i.e. Iron Edison) models are starting to get a foothold in the solar storage battery market. Their main selling point is the fact that they have a very long usable life and are very stable. They have a relatively poor energy density in volume compared to lithium variants, but for storage battery installations, this isn't as big an issue as in a smartphone.

                • The main selling point of the Ni-Fe batteries is their ability to take abuse and neglect and still function. This is what becomes critical for installs in individual homes where one could assume that the home owner will just ignore them for extended periods of time. They may be more expensive up front for a given capacity but their lifetime cost should be much less given that they have a lifetime measured in decades instead of single digit years. Yes they do have a higher self discharge rate higher than other batteries but in an application where they are not being used for long term storage that should be of less concern. The low energy density is also not a big deal in stationary installations since they aren't being moved.

                  Pumped hydro may be more efficient but there you need the space and geography to support it and it would be good for large scale storage. For more local storage, using better batteries like sodium-sulfur batteries at the substation level to smooth things out..
            • by mlts ( 1038732 )

              If space isn't a problem, why not NiFe batteries? Those don't damage themselves if they drop below 50% SoC, and unlike lithium batteries, don't lose most of their capacity in 2-3 years.

              Another energy storage medium would be flywheels.

              I do like the idea of a battery bank at residences, because this is an ideal whole-house UPS.

        • by bigpat ( 158134 )

          Why does not anybody in the solar industry step up and support nuclear energy as the logical replacement for coal to fill all of the known gaps in solar power?

          Because it isn't that. Nuclear can't be ramped up and down quickly, so it's not useful for filling in.

          So Solar means we can't actually eliminate fossil fuels and carbon emmissions... (unless you find the perfect loss-less battery for storing energy when its cloudy or at night) I'd say that is a significant gap in the ability of Solar power to ever serve as a solution for eliminating carbon emissions. But only being 1% of the solution now means it has a ways to grow before you hit that wall and realize that solar can only ever reduce carbon emissions by some percentage.

          It does very much seam like Solar pow

          • Why does it have to be loss-less storage? Have both solar generation and a storage be cheap enough and it becomes a non issue.
            • by bigpat ( 158134 )
              Doesn't have to be completely loss-less, but it does have to be some combination of cheap enough and higher efficiency because even if solar panels are cheap most land or roof space isn't. And I like trees.
        • by Chas ( 5144 )

          Because it isn't that. Nuclear can't be ramped up and down quickly, so it's not useful for filling in.

          And things like Solar, Wind, and Wave wave aren't usable as baseline "brown" power. Because their generation sources are not stable and dependable. BUT, they can be used, alongside existing hydro and geothermal to offset demand spikes.

          In other words, you don't use nuclear power to "fill in". You use nuclear as your baseline. You use everything else to fill in.

      • Why does not anybody in the solar industry step up and support nuclear energy as the logical replacement for coal to fill all of the known gaps in solar power?
        Because neither PV plants have a gap (you don't need much power at night, or do you?) nor do thermal solar plants hang behind nuclear power :D as they store enough heat to run a few nights without sun.

        Of course I could be nitpicking and point out that the sun actually is a huge nuclear reactor.

        • by bigpat ( 158134 )

          Of course I could be nitpicking and point out that the sun actually is a huge nuclear reactor.

          Just need a big power cable and we will be all set.

      • by Bongo ( 13261 )

        The public largely rejected nuclear, yet reality says all those electric cars will need to plug into something.

        Nuclear isn't called nuclear anymore. It is called "broad sustainable energy mix". The public will see windfarms and solar, because they take up space, and meanwhile here and there, new nuclear will quietly be built, and if by then anyone objects, they can cite urgent need to reduce emissions, given we've already built so much wind and solar and yet, oddly, we still have a ways to go to reach the t

        • > The public largely rejected nuclear, yet reality says all those electric cars will need to plug into something.

          Already taken care of:

          https://matter2energy.wordpress.com/2014/09/16/future-grid-energy-in-the-not-so-distance/

          > The way to get more nuclear is to never mention the word

          And to lower the CAPEX four times. THAT is something no one has figured out yet.

          • by Bongo ( 13261 )

            That is interesting. But I meant cars as something which will be an extra demand for clean electricity, at a time when people are burning coal for their home energy needs. Can you both make the air conditioning clean and your car? And that's USA where you have lots of space.

        • by dcw3 ( 649211 )

          You're dreaming if you believe anyone utility is going to "quietly" build a nuclear plant...certainly it won't happen in the U.S.

      • "suffers from spikes and lulls in availability and cannot be easily transferred across the US due to an aging and outdated power transmission system." that makes the case for solar to be on roofs so its production is for local use. Centralized power generation is for the older technologies

        "Why does not anybody in the solar industry step up and support nuclear energy as the logical replacement for coal to fill all of the known gaps in solar power?" - they are more likely to support power storage like bat
      • I'd imagine the reason that nuclear wasn't mentioned in the linked article, is because there is a 0% rise in nuclear generation capacity, and thus doesn't show up as a data point.

        In fact, except for NRC-licensed uprating of existing reactors, there hasn't been any increase in nuclear generation capacity in the US in over 30 years. If they complete that plant in Georgia, then we'll probably see it in the future versions of this article.

    • by durrr ( 1316311 )

      Solar can only get cost competitive with coal when it exists as a supplemental power source. It cannot take over baseline supply due to intermittency so it can only serve to shave off daytime peaks.

      Storage? Sure, but that costs money and shaves off efficiency. And if you want to go full solar you need to expand the farms so they can:
      1. Cover all daytime demands.
      2. Produce enough surplus to charge all the battery banks to cover the sunless hours.
      3. Produce even more surplus because some days are cloudy.

      The

      • by MrKaos ( 858439 )

        In short: The solar future doesn't look as bright once you start to scale it.

        I think you will find that Solar thermal generation doesn't scale in the way you have assumed.

        • by durrr ( 1316311 )

          All solar energy is area dependent and will scale linearly in a similar manner.

          • by MrKaos ( 858439 )

            All solar energy is area dependent and will scale linearly in a similar manner.

            Indeed it is area dependant however I think you are referring to photovoltaic as opposed to Solar thermal which has line and point modes of collection. IIRC the output of point mode stations quadruple as the size of the station doubles because the higher temperatures achieved at the point.

            Obviously there are limits to the largest size, however we are nowhere near that yet.

            • by durrr ( 1316311 )

              What I mean is that solar irradiance is at 1000W/m^2 give or take depending on sky quality time of day and so and combined with turbine efficiency means that you can never exceed 600W/m^2 peak no matter what the scaling modifiers are presented as.

    • by LordLimecat ( 1103839 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @09:10AM (#49241055)

      Finally solar power is becoming cost competitive even with coal.

      Capacity =/= generation. Generation is generally 20% of capacity due to solar's awful capacity factor, which is why its NOT competitive with coal (really, nothing is). I would love for this to be true, because as a tech solar seems like the elegant solution we need-- you make the panel, it magically makes energy, win win! Except thats not the reality. Things like latitude (germany is pretty far north, for example, which affects their generation), the fact that panels dont last forever (need replacement after 15-30 years), their high cost to make, and their low efficiency conspire to kill "the dream". Enough soapboaxing-- lets look at actual figures.

      (Sources from wikipedia, and from thence many other sites)
      A chart of energy prices by source, Germany. [wikipedia.org] Note how coal is generally 1/2 to 1/3 the cost of solar.

      US DOE estimates for 2019 [wikipedia.org] (scroll down for chart). The fun facts--Total system costs (per mWh):
        * Coal (various types): 95 - 147
        * Natural gas (various types): 66 - 128
        * Advanced Nuclear: 96
        * Solar, Thermal: 243
        * Solar, PV: 130

      Note the first column, which is where solar really gets thrashed. Your installed solar capacity may be 1000MWh, but your average output over the year will generally be 200MWh because your capacity factor sucks. Go towards the poles, it will be far worse (as Germany is discovering). Take a look here [greentechmedia.com], you can see that while Germany has a boatload of solar capacity (beating out everything else), its actual generation lags behind everything except gas and hydro.

      Im not cherry-picking these, either; one of those links youll note appears to be to a "green" site. Im just grabbing the first links I see, which mesh with every other piece of info I've seen on the subject. The TL;DR is that solar is crazy expensive and not really a great pick for northern countries. Maybe Im wrong and Germany will hit 100% of its generation year round eventually-- but I seriously doubt it. Solar is great as long as you dont expect it to carry the full weight of your country's energy needs; its really not made for that.

      The real tragedy to me is that Germany is scaling down its nuclear, with the upshot that its still having to rely heavily on coal. If we did live in a world driven by science and rationality, we would see solar / wind / nuclear on an upswing and coal on a downswing. Thats not happening because many "green" types will worry about the nuclear boogeyman, and claim that if we work for 100 years we can possibly get solar to be cost competitive and efficient enough to actually generate a country's energy.

      • which is why its NOT competitive with coal (really, nothing is).

        If nothing is competitive with coal then why are all the coal plants in the US being retrofitted to run off Natural Gas?
    • Garbage (Score:3, Informative)

      by sycodon ( 149926 )

      1. Heavily regulate coal, increasing costs.
      2. Force plants to close, decreasing generating capacity.
      3. Crow about the fact that Solar out generated coal and is cost competitive.

      Solar hasn't improved. Coal has been artificially handicapped.

    • Actually its not. The TFA makes the same comparison so many do with solar. That is per watt installed. Which is total bullshit. That watt of installed power will only produce 1 watt, for about 30min on just one perfectly fine day in the summer, if its in space. I like to call them brochure watts. Since real installations are probably never ever going to get that claimed watt in any real life conditions.

      The average power you get out of 1GW of solar panels is at best 32% of the peak (in practice it is quit
  • by icebike ( 68054 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @02:48AM (#49239555)

    The summary and TFA are carefully choosing their words to make it look like a land slide sized change in energy production, when all they are really talking about is subtle rates of change. But even these twists can't disguise the fact that 23% new energy is still done with coal.

    In fact, the solar and wind aren't even meeting replacement needs for coal and gas plants taken out of production due to failure to meet environmental standards, and being too costly to upgrade. Old Coal plants are more often replaced with New Coal plants than they are with wind or solar.

    Missing from those figures (because they don't represent New Production), is the number of coal and gas plants upgraded to meet environmental standards.

    Its not all bad news. The best wind and solar sites are being heavily developed, cherry picking the most promising sites. And the arid south west is sprouting lots f solar farms. But we need to ramp up both wind and solar many fold before we can even think of retiring coal.

    • Old Coal plants are more often replaced with New Coal plants than they are with wind or solar.

      In Australia, we seem to be doing a little better. We haven't had new coal for a while (and we have enormous brown coal deposits). And from today's news, a report of increased efficiency to put solar in line with coal [smh.com.au]

    • by Mr D from 63 ( 3395377 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @05:11AM (#49239937)
      As is typical, this submission ignores the actual energy that can be produced from these new installations in a year and focuses on the much less meaningul "installed capacity". As we all know, 1 KW of installed gas generation can generate a lot more (3 to 8 times) electricity that 1 KW of solar in a year. Also, the total added generation really is small compared to national energy usage, so the scales have not tilted that much overall.

      Why subsidize residential PV?

      But what is very interesting in the source article is that residential solar installations cost more the twice as much as commercial ones. Given that fact, why in the heck would we subsidize residential solar? If the goal is to build as much as possible, and generate as much solar as possible, we should eliminate residential subsidies and build much more cost effective commerical ones. That way we get more clean energy, and everyone benefits, not just the wealthy to middle class demographic that typically installs residential solar.
      • > But what is very interesting in the source article is that residential solar installations cost more the twice as much as commercial ones

        Yup. Economy of scale.

        > why in the heck would we subsidize residential solar

        Because the price of electricity on the residential side of the meter is more than double the wholesale price. So in the end it's about the same difficulty to do net metering on residential solar than commercial on the other side of the meter.

      • Why subsidize residential PV?

        Because there's no need to destroy a big chunk of desert. Honestly, it's worth twice as much since the land is already "destroyed" and my roof is sitting there empty. People act like solar isn't environmentally destructive but it is - not to the extent that a coal plant is (and the destruction is limited to the immediate area of the plant).

        My roof should either be a solar collector or painted white. Right now it's a solar collector and I'm paying good money in the summer to take the collected heat and m

        • Destroy big chunks of desert? I see the hyperbole has kicked in.

          I have no problem with folks installing residential panels. It makes sense for some. Go for it, we're all proud of you. But if tax money is going to subsidize it, is it too much to ask for getting the most for our money? Isn't the goal to maximizing clean air/carbon free generation?

          Also, consider that residential panels are often not installed at the most optimal orientation as it is common to align with a roof plane, whereas commercial
      • by swb ( 14022 )

        Why subsidize residential PV?

        I'm sure it started out as a fine idea, designed to boost the "solar power economy" -- create a demand for a product, and maybe you will stimulate the industry that makes this product and drive down prices through innovation and economies of scale.

        I think once panels got good enough and residential installs big enough, somebody figured out that with net metering you could structure panel installs in such a way that the installer collected the subsidy and the homeowner paid for the panels over time with the

        • by Jeremi ( 14640 )

          Basically, they figured out how to sell panels where the cost of them got significantly shifted to someone else -- the government and the utility, and the benefit went to the installer and the homeowner.

          I'm not convinced that the above is a bad thing -- if the goal was to get lots of solar installed, and cost-shifting incentivized people to figure out how to accomplish that goal, then good -- it worked as designed.

          As for whether or not that cost-shifting is "fair" to the utilities or the taxpayers; that's a value judgement, but IMHO it's no more unfair than the cost-shifting that takes place when first-world countries emit carbon whose worst effects are then suffered by third-world countries.

    • It's pretty easy to tout big percentage increases

  • by jklovanc ( 1603149 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @02:59AM (#49239593)

    Comparing capacity alone does not produce a clear picture. It must be tempered by the capacity factor [wikipedia.org]. That is the ratio of the theoretical capacity of a device to the actual output from the device. The capacity of solar panels is found by exposing the panel to a set amount of light. It is used to compare panels and is only part of calculating the actual output of the panel. In the real world conditions vary which causes output to vary. The capacity factor of PVs in the US is anywhere from 13% to 33%. The capacity factor of a coal burning plant is 63.8%. A watt of coal capacity is worth from 1.9 to 4.9 times as much as watt of PV capacity.

    Then there is the fact the coal power is dispatchable [wikipedia.org] while solar is not. That make coal power more stable and valuable.

    • by angel'o'sphere ( 80593 ) <angelo.schneider ... e ['oom' in gap]> on Thursday March 12, 2015 @04:53AM (#49239897) Journal

      The dreaded capacity factor again :)

      As you pointed out, a solar plane might have a CF between 13% (who builds a solar plant at sucha place?) and 33%.

      Likewise a coal plant has not a CF of 63%, but a range from perhaps 60% for a load following plant, and something like 85% - 95% for a base load plant.

      I personally don't see a difference between a dispatachable coal plant that idles at less then 10% of its load over night, just to keep it warm, and peaks to 90% of its max over daytime versus a solar plant that idles during darkness at 0% and ramps up following daylight to 100% around local noon (or what ever daytime the plant owner decided to have its maximum.

      Please people, if you want to throw around CFs then start to grasp that this 'metric' is extremely tricky and not really usefull for comparing power plants. Every power plant serves a certain purpose: base load, load following, midrange power, peak load, balancing power, reserve power, a combination of balancing/reserve like pumped storage, a combination of load following/peak power and balancing like combined gas plants, a mix between base load and mid range for wind and solar (yes, the other midrange / load following plants have to shape their load around the variation of the wind and solar plants) etc. etc.

      That said: for laymen who want to know if they should have a private solar plant on their roof/in their garden or invest into a local wind project wikipedia capacity factors are irrelevant. Missleading at best and disastrously wrong easily.

      To calculate the viability of a plant at a specific place ... that might be your place, you need reference data of the previous years about hours of suneshine for _every day_ not an average over the year, same for wind. And don't make the mistake to use wind speed averages. 2m/sec and 8m/sec might average out as 5m/sec but so does 4m/sec and 6m/sec. The power production in both cases will be hugely different.

      Assuming you have capital costs of like 10% of the investment as interest, being of by 1% or 2% with your (wrong) CF based calculation might change that 10% to either 8% or 12% ...

      Regarding wind and especially solar you also want to check at which time of the day you might get the best prices. Instead of going for a high CF and produce most solar power around local noon, you might have a better price at 4PM and depending on latitude (because of sunset time) you might turn your solar plant slightly towards west.

      In germany e.g. roof top solar that points south gets much less subsidiaries then solar plants that are significantly tilted to the east or west (since a few years) because most of our (private) solar plants are tilted due south.

      Anyway, if you want to throw around with CFs learn how limited their meaning is ... otherwise you shoot yourself into the foot if you build your own plant and make an idiot about yourself if you talk about big scale energy production.

      • Likewise a coal plant has not a CF of 63%, but a range from perhaps 60% for a load following plant, and something like 85% - 95% for a base load plant.

        I personally don't see a difference between a dispatachable coal plant that idles at less then 10% of its load over night, just to keep it warm, and peaks to 90% of its max over daytime versus a solar plant that idles during darkness at 0% and ramps up following daylight to 100% around local noon (or what ever daytime the plant owner decided to have its maximum.

        I see a big difference instead. If a coal plant has a CF lower than 85-90% that is because you want it so, that is you don't need that power, while with a solar plant, you may need that power, but it's cloudy or it's winter and you're in the northern hemisphere etc. And that's just half of the story, because electric companies deliver electric power, not energy.

    • > The capacity of solar panels is found by exposing the panel to a set amount of light

      No it's not, that's nameplace capacity. Capacity factor is "how much does the sun shine". You get it from a weather forecasting tool, like this one...

      http://pvwatts.nrel.gov

      > That make coal power more stable and valuable

      And natural gas is even more dispatchable, which is why they're shutting down the coal plants as this paper notes.

    • by Solandri ( 704621 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @06:45AM (#49240195)

      . It must be tempered by the capacity factor. That is the ratio of the theoretical capacity of a device to the actual output from the device. The capacity of solar panels is found by exposing the panel to a set amount of light. It is used to compare panels and is only part of calculating the actual output of the panel.

      Correct. Comparing different generation technologies by peak production capacity is like trying to compare the range of cars by looking only at the size of their gas tank. You must take into account fuel efficiency to get an accurate range estimate. LIkewise, capacity factor is analogous to the "efficiency" with which the power source can convert its potential capacity into actual energy.

      he capacity factor of PVs in the US is anywhere from 13% to 33%.

      Capacity factor for static PV installations in the U.S. is 10%-19%. The contiguous 48 states averages about 14%-14.5%.

      33% is the max capacity factor for concentrated solar power - where you have reflectors tracking the sun all day and the panels/thermal salt bath mounted atop a high tower to minimize oblique incident sunlight angles throughout the day.

      Then there is the fact the coal power is dispatchable while solar is not.

      Coal is used mostly for base load. It's pretty slow to ramp up or down in respond to demand - once you shovel in a certain amount of coal to start it burning, you cannot stop it from burning. Nuclear is like that too.

      Most peaking plants (supply electricity as demand peaks) are gas, oil, and hydro. You can shut those off within about a minute of demand dropping.

  • Energy Rich (Score:4, Interesting)

    by MrKaos ( 858439 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @03:10AM (#49239617) Journal

    Harvesting the energy around houses and decentralizing the grid will have an impact on the IT industry to develop technology to manage it. It seems to me that adopting wind and solar would present some really interesting challenges and opportunities for manufacturing as well.

    With politicians crapping on about jobs growth but not where it is coming from it seems to me this is the elephant in the room.

    • Also, once that technology is mature, it will make things so much easier to manage. We lose a lot of power just in transmission. One estimate [eia.gov] states that about 6% of the power generated is lost in transmission. By decentralizing, and not shipping power over long distances, we can cut into that number quite a bit. Put battery backups in houses so that there's no so much fluctuation in demand. The main reason we still use fuels like coal and gas is because they can be ramped up quickly to meet varying deman
      • by MrKaos ( 858439 )

        Transmission losses are a good point, but regardless of the other inputs to the grid I think the really interesting thing about these developments are that it really changes the dynamics of the grid as a supplier and consumer becomes the same thing.

        Sometimes people will have power to sell and sometimes they will need to buy it so, to me, it looks like a whole new trading market emerging for who and what will provide certain levels of available capacity. The trading and management technologies that deal wit

  • by 140Mandak262Jamuna ( 970587 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @06:53AM (#49240229) Journal
    1957 was the peak year for US streetcar ridership. Till about 1970 the bus lines, tramlines, streetcars, metro transit etc were the back bone of commuting for vast majority of the public. For sure they were undermined by illegal cartel and collusion between Firestone, Ford and Standard Oil. But do not ignore the role public and the politicians played in getting rid of these public utilities.

    Structurally these utilities need massive insvestments, long build times, beset by NIMBYism. They pay off only when there is a critical mass of users. Only when the cost of investment is amortized over a very large user base, these projects are economically viable. Once the user base falls below the critical mass they get into a death spiral. Costs keep increasing for the remaining users, and as they drop out, it increases for the remaining users even more.

    Electric utilities are looking at exactly the same scenario. In 1955 if someone predicted the demise of street car lines within 20 years, they would have been laughed at. But in 20 years almost all of them became moribund. Except for very high density locales like Chicago, Boston and New York it is mere shadow of its former selves.

    As solar becomes cost effective, finance companies will jump in and simplify the financing and installation headaches and make direct head to head comparison possible. "All you pay for is the electricity you actually use based on the meter. All you do is to give us permission to install solar panels in your property. Compare it directly with your utility bill". As affluent customers start using more of solar and use less of the grid, the utility company will start levying "grid-connection fees". And at some point people would start cutting the grid. Then cost will start going up for the remaining users and the spiral would start.

    The electric utilities are well aware of the situation. That is why they are fighting so hard.

    One way out of their plight is for the utilities to start installing more and more of solar. Solar generation neatly matches the peak demand. If they can use solar for peak summer late afternoon demand and run their gas plants for base load they can survive or stretch it out for a long time. But no matter what, coal is out. Even dirty coal is costlier than gas, not much cheaper than solar. Clean coal just can't compete.

    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 ) *

      The grid and generation needs to become non-profit, preferably publicly owned. Like roads and other basic infrastructure it isn't something that should be used for profit, especially as the economics are going to cause the power companies to start damaging society and the economy just to maintain their margins.

  • by radl33t ( 900691 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @07:14AM (#49240315)
    Why do so many people find economical solar energy so upsetting?
    • by Anonymous Coward

      Therefore it's something that ecologists and other anti-capitalist hippies would like, therefore allowing solar or renewables would be like letting them win. And that's why solar energy must be fought at every turn!

      Seriously, that is why the rank and the file rightwing moron on the street are so upset and angry at solar and wind: it looks like the hippies were right, therefore they were wrong in attacking them. And by attacking them again here, they re-entrench their insistence, since giving up would be ad

    • Both the Right and Left are guilty of this.

      But when there is an ideological agenda, there can be a lot of confirmation bias.

      Start with the title, "New Solar Capacity Beats Coal and Wind, Again." Is this an objective, nerd-centric assessment of scientific fact? Or is it a victory-lap "Eat stuff all of you doubters and deniers"?

      The concern is that Renewable is not quite ready for Prime Time and being jammed down our throats.

      • by radl33t ( 900691 )

        The concern is that Renewable is not quite ready for Prime Time and being jammed down our throats.

        Solar has been ready for prime time for 15 years. China filled the vacuum and made it happen in 5, just as predicted by anyone who studied the manufacturing learning curve of PV wafers and cells from prior semiconductor industry advancements. Far from jamming it down anyone's throats, we developed it all and then gave it up because we could not see past the very close horizon of a few entrenched interests.

        Virtually every financial firm of merit has predicted that the raw economics of solar energy will le

  • When they are measuring the "added" capacity they measure the max output at solar noon. When you measure it over say a year it is going to be less than a 3rd of that number.
    Of course coal, nuclear, wind, and so on also do not produce max 24/7/365 but it is a much higher percentage than solar.
     

  • Land costs (Score:4, Informative)

    by PPalmgren ( 1009823 ) on Thursday March 12, 2015 @07:55AM (#49240559)

    Solar's relatively low cost/km^2 could become a difficult problem if it starts attempting to compete with other power projects purely on cost. Most cost/kwh numbers floated around don't factor in the total cost of owning and operating a solar installation, and only show the theoretical cost/kwh based on the equipment cost vs. power production. Right now, the driving factor for solar power generation is clean energy and not cost. I'd love for it to get down in cost to be competitive within the decade, but I expect that when that happens, cost might have to be not just equal, but significantly lower, to account for the solar field size needed to replace a standard coal plant. Lack of land availability can also become a damper on adoption in more populated areas, the areas that need the power the most.

    I really think that something will need to be done to facilitate distributed solar via rooftop in order for solar to take over as a main power source. Right now, its too dangerous to build a business model around solar leasing via home rooftops because the rules are changing so frequently and the rules are different everywhere you go.

  • Man's laws and rules often battle nature no matter what we try to do. Humans have a concept of supply and demand. If demand for coal drops there will be an excess of supply which means coal should become cheaper and that might lead to more use of coal. Obviously solar, wind and tide are the best answers available but by creating concepts and systems like capitalism we may have doomed ourselves. Society has a love - hate relationship with change and reason and logic have little to do with any of it.
  • The lingering arctic front brought below freezing temperatures and constant snow storms across much of the U.S this winter. Even if you solve the "sun is not shinning at night" problem with temporary storage, exactly what is it that you do when much of the countries solar panels are under frozen snow for days if not weeks at a time?

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