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Businesses Transportation

Airbus Is Giving Up On the A380 (cnn.com) 206

"It's the end of the line for the biggest passenger jet ever built: the A380 is going to cease production," writes Slashdot reader Required Snark, citing a report from CNN. From the report: The European plane maker said Thursday that it will stop delivering A380s in 2021 after its key customer, Dubai-based airline Emirates, slashed its orders for the huge jetliner. "We have no substantial A380 backlog and hence no basis to sustain production, despite all our sales efforts with other airlines in recent years," Airbus CEO Tom Enders said in a company statement. The company has delivered 234 of the superjumbos to date, less than a quarter of the 1,200 it predicted it would sell when it first introduced the double-decker aircraft. Its plans were undermined by airlines shifting their interest to lighter, more fuel efficient passenger jets that have reduced the need to ferry passengers between the big hubs. "Passengers all over the world love to fly on this great aircraft. Hence today's announcement is painful for us and the A380 communities worldwide," Enders said. "But keep in mind that A380s will still roam the skies for many years to come and Airbus will of course continue to fully support the A380 operators."
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Airbus Is Giving Up On the A380

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  • by bluegutang ( 2814641 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @06:49AM (#58120090)

    Plenty of airports have reached, or are reaching, their maximum capacity. If a single takeoff/landing could carry more passengers, that would be very welcome.

    The problem with the A380 is that it creates more turbulence in the air around it than any other plane. This necessitates, for safety reasons, a longer delay between the A380 and the plane after it [flightglobal.com] than is required for other planes. So if you have more passengers on each plane, but a longer wait between planes, that neutralizes the capacity advantage of the A380.

    • by LynnwoodRooster ( 966895 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @07:00AM (#58120104) Journal

      Not to mention that due to the extreme size and weight of the aircraft most airports required rework to even handle them, so only the biggest/busiest airports dropped the millions and millions of dollars to be able to handle them.

      Bottom line is that Airbus bet on the A380, and Boeing bet on the 787. Boeing won the bet...

      • by Luckyo ( 1726890 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @08:23AM (#58120330)

        Airbus made the same bet with A350. It competes for the same segment as 787.

        • By the time Airbus put the A350 project into action, Boeing had sold dozens of 787s... That's not a bet, that's an "oh crap" reaction.
    • by Sique ( 173459 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @07:02AM (#58120112) Homepage
      This is not the only problem. It has four engines instead of two like the 777 or the A350, which causes servicing to take longer and be more expensive and making it less fuel efficient.

      Furthermore the wings are constructed to house more fuel tanks than actually used, making the wings unnecessarily complicated and heavy, decreasing efficency and increasing costs. In this case, preparation for an ultra long distance version which never was ordered created a problem for the versions in operation.

      • by Freischutz ( 4776131 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @08:12AM (#58120286)

        This is not the only problem. It has four engines instead of two like the 777 or the A350, which causes servicing to take longer and be more expensive and making it less fuel efficient.

        Furthermore the wings are constructed to house more fuel tanks than actually used, making the wings unnecessarily complicated and heavy, decreasing efficency and increasing costs. In this case, preparation for an ultra long distance version which never was ordered created a problem for the versions in operation.

        What I heard is that it is more fuel efficient. You can cram almost as many people into one A380 as a 777 or a A350 and that is with the normal A380 since the potential for stretch versions will now never be tapped. So the A380 can carry the same amount of passengers on four engines with one crew on one landing slot as two A350 or a two 777 on four engines, with two crews and two landing slots. That equals more efficiency, not less. This it what the A380 was conceived for, travel between large hubs over long distances, not trips between Farmerssville Kansas and Someburg in Texas. The real issue here from what I can gather is business models airlines are increasingly using. Airlines are increasingly using smaller aircraft to create connections between smaller airports and bypassing the big hubs so A380 demand remains weaker than anticipated. Additionally there was some talk about the big hubs being reluctant to make the changes needed for the A380, although I don't really think that is an insurmountable obstacle. All in all the A380 is an aircraft that will probably be highly sought after on the second hand market years from now when the market has expanded to the point where the capacity it offers is more sorely needed.

        • You're correct. The rise of two-engine, long-range planes such as the A350 and 787 has given rise to the so-called "skinny and long" routes that don't have too many passengers, and are long-distance. The Dreamliner has enabled 170 new routes that wouldn't have been profitable before. Moreover, having two airplanes allows two flights a day, for instance, rather than one flight a day, which gives a convenience that the passenger may prefer.

          • You're correct. The rise of two-engine, long-range planes such as the A350 and 787 has given rise to the so-called "skinny and long" routes that don't have too many passengers, and are long-distance. The Dreamliner has enabled 170 new routes that wouldn't have been profitable before. Moreover, having two airplanes allows two flights a day, for instance, rather than one flight a day, which gives a convenience that the passenger may prefer.

            Well the A350, more than the 787 since Boeing made a lot of customers nervous by completely messing up the development of the 787 and also the running of the Charleston assembly line which has led some customers to stipulate they'll only accept aircraft made in Seattle.

          • You're correct. The rise of two-engine, long-range planes such as the 777 has given rise to the so-called "skinny and long" routes

            Fixed that for you. The 777 was the first ETOPS-180 plane certified as such at launch.

        • by DRJlaw ( 946416 )

          What I heard is that it is more fuel efficient.

          No. Four engines were initially required for power, then required for collective reliability/failure tolerance for long-haul over water flights. However, four engine pods create substantial additional drag and double your maintenance issues. As power and, especially, reliability have improved, the trend has been toward two very large engines for long haul over water flights. That is a principal reason for the shift from the Boeing 747 to the Boeing 777, whi

        • by DRJlaw ( 946416 )

          So the A380 can carry the same amount of passengers on four engines with one crew on one landing slot as two A350 or a two 777 on four engines, with two crews and two landing slots. That equals more efficiency, not less.

          Airlines are not operating on crew and landing slot efficiency basis. Crew are comparatively cheap. Landing slots are only critical in a hub model, and these days secondary airports are highly used. For the real metric (fuel per mile per passenger seat), the modern twinjets beat the A380.

          • So the A380 can carry the same amount of passengers on four engines with one crew on one landing slot as two A350 or a two 777 on four engines, with two crews and two landing slots. That equals more efficiency, not less.

            Airlines are not operating on crew and landing slot efficiency basis. Crew are comparatively cheap. Landing slots are only critical in a hub model, and these days secondary airports are highly used. For the real metric (fuel per mile per passenger seat), the modern twinjets beat the A380.

            link [wikipedia.org].

            The A380 is (was) having order problems. The A350 XWB [wikipedia.org] not so much.

            That's kind of what I was saying.

            • by DRJlaw ( 946416 )

              You literally said that the same amount of passengers on four engines with one crew and one landing slot had "more efficiency" than four engines with two crews and two landing slots.

              That has no relation whatsoever to fuel per mile per passenger seat.

        • Four engines is less efficient per ton-mile than two. (Two engines are less efficient than one, but people seem to think having a redundant propulsion system is a good idea in an airliner.) This is true for planes, boats, cars (where 4WD uses slightly more fuel than 2WD). And the capacity of an A380 (575 in typical 3-class seating) is less than 60% more than a 777 (365 in its largest 3-class version), less than 50% more than an A350 (387 in largest 3-class version). Not twice as much.

          The A380 doesn't
        • This is not the only problem. It has four engines instead of two like the 777 or the A350, which causes servicing to take longer and be more expensive and making it less fuel efficient.

          Furthermore the wings are constructed to house more fuel tanks than actually used, making the wings unnecessarily complicated and heavy, decreasing efficency and increasing costs. In this case, preparation for an ultra long distance version which never was ordered created a problem for the versions in operation.

          What I heard is that it is more fuel efficient. You can cram almost as many people into one A380 as a 777 or a A350 and that is with the normal A380 since the potential for stretch versions will now never be tapped. So the A380 can carry the same amount of passengers on four engines with one crew on one landing slot as two A350 or a two 777 on four engines, with two crews and two landing slots. That equals more efficiency, not less. This it what the A380 was conceived for, travel between large hubs over long distances, not trips between Farmerssville Kansas and Someburg in Texas. The real issue here from what I can gather is business models airlines are increasingly using. Airlines are increasingly using smaller aircraft to create connections between smaller airports and bypassing the big hubs so A380 demand remains weaker than anticipated. Additionally there was some talk about the big hubs being reluctant to make the changes needed for the A380, although I don't really think that is an insurmountable obstacle. All in all the A380 is an aircraft that will probably be highly sought after on the second hand market years from now when the market has expanded to the point where the capacity it offers is more sorely needed.

          The issue for carriers operating the A380 was that the plane needed to fill all the seats to be economical and most flights were operating below capacity (most flights were only half filled). UAE is the biggest customer for the A380. Dubai is the world 3rd busiest airport and still UAE had a hell of a time filling all the seats on their A380s without offering discounted tickets. So what is the point of operating the A380 if, on average, it will be ferrying no more passengers than the A330 or Boeing 777? Th

      • The wings are too heavy, but not just because of the fuel tanks.
        They were sized for the stretched A380-900, an aircraft with an almost 100 tons higher maximum take off weight, so they are too sturdy for the A380-800.

    • Re: (Score:2, Informative)

      by Anonymous Coward

      Yes. It's okay at London Heathrow or Dubai, where half a dozen of the monsters can be fitted together as they take off and land, but for everywhere else the wake turbulence is an issue that reduces the number of aircraft movements and hence the number of passengers that can be accommodated.

      It would be easier in a theoretical world for all the smaller jets (737s and A320s) to use one runway for both takeoffs and landings, and the larger planes to use the other runway, but in the real world that's even more d

    • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      There is also a move away from direct flights. Direct is faster but more expensive, the cheapest option is usually to have a stop over somewhere.

      Luxury carriers like Emirates are more able to handle the higher costs, but the cheaper ones seem to have found that people are willing to add time to their journey to save money.

      Unfortunately this has further polarized the market. It used to be that you could save maybe 100-150 Euro by adding an extra hour or two to your long distance 12 hour flight, but now it's

      • by Anonymous Coward on Thursday February 14, 2019 @07:46AM (#58120220)

        Direct is faster but more expensive.

        Obligatory Wendover Productions video. [youtube.com]

        And if you don't have 10 minutes to kill, here's the moral of the story: When airplanes are full, direct is always cheaper. You pay for less fuel, less labor, less airplane flight time (maintenance), less airport fees, etc. But the challenge has always been filling seats for low-demand routes. Airport logistics aside, you can't fly an A380 between Raleigh, NC, and Dublin, Ireland, because there's not that much demand. And smaller planes couldn't fly over the Atlantic. Hence the need for the hub-and-spoke model of flying: small planes to and from hubs, and large airplanes between hubs.

        But now small airplanes -can- fly over the Atlantic. What Airbus loses in the A380, it gains in the Airbus A220, a.k.a. the Bombardier C-Series. (Another obligatory Wendover Productions video [youtube.com].) Now here's a narrow-body airplane that seats 100-130 passengers that -can- fly across the Atlantic, making direct flights between small markets possible. And as December 2018, Airbus has over 500 orders for the airplane [wikipedia.org], with demand for the airplane continuing to grow. Best yet: Boeing has no competitor to this class of airplane. Airbus has a monopoly on this class of airplane, and it's going to make them rich.

        • by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

          Thanks, that was very informative.

        • You can fly a 320 across the Atlantic if you are prepared for a 14 hour flight with 2 stops. I do not recommend it unless you are a fan of masochism.
        • Best yet: Boeing has no competitor to this class of airplane. Airbus has a monopoly on this class of airplane, and it's going to make them rich.

          You're joking right? If you are so knowledgeable about aircraft then you have to know the 737 Max exists. Not only is it the direct competitor to the A220 but the original 737 invented the segment. It also has 10x the number of orders placed. 500 orders isn't bad but it doesn't compare to 5000 orders. Boeing has also delivered more even though it started making the Max later than the A220.

          • by jwhyche ( 6192 )

            I hate flying on a 737. Love the design, but hate flying on one. It seems like every time I got on one they had run test models to see how far up my ass they could get the persons feet behind me. The 757 wasn't much better. The best plane I think I have been on was the 767. They has so much room even the airlines hadn't figured out how to fuck it up.

        • by kalpol ( 714519 )
          I'm not sure you can say Airbus has a monopoly - a 737 range is only 400 miles or so less than an A220 and it's enormously more flexible in configuration options. There are a lot of them flying transatlantic routes already, New York to Oslo or Dublin it appears.
    • by jeremyp ( 130771 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @07:24AM (#58120172) Homepage Journal

      No. The problem is that it has got four engines. Two modern twin engined planes can carry more passengers with better fuel economy to more airports with more flexibility. The Boeing 747-8 has also bombed, at least in the passenger carrying market and for the same reason: nobody wants four engined aircraft anymore.

      • The fuel economy is incorrect, but the flexibility is quite on point. The A380 certainly has better fuel economy than 2x twin engine aircraft. The sheer size of the A380's engines is one of the things driving this, larger engines (physically with higher air bypass on the turbo fan) are more fuel efficient up to a certain point (which has yet to be reached).

        But your flexibility thing is key. The point is not to carry more passengers to the same destination. For that the A380 is the undisputed king in cost an

        • Fuel economy per seat [wikipedia.org] shows the 777 and the 787 have better fuel economy than the A380. Even the low-seat density version of the 787. Perhaps it's the way Boeing designs as compared to Airbus that is the reason their aircraft have better fuel economy per passenger than the A380.
    • by Sique ( 173459 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @08:02AM (#58120260) Homepage
      In general, the economical evaluation of planes has to look into many factors: Transport capacity is only one of them. Fuel efficiency, maximum distance, cost of servicing, cost of operating, cost of landing slots, expected number of passengers, expected price per ticket etc.pp.

      The design of the Airbus A380 started, when oil was comparatively cheap, at the end of the 1990ies. At this time, cost for the flight crew and the landing slots were more important, causing the flight operators to look for the largest capacity possible to haul as much passengers with as few planes as possible. This was the heyday of the hub-and-spoke approach, where as many passengers as possible were carried to a few but large airports, which were connected to each other with very large vessels. In this environment, the A380 totally made sense, as the big plane to fly the backbone routes of the international flight network.

      More fuel efficient planes made it economical to connect medium sized airports directly without going through a large hub. And here, you don't need the large capacities, slot prices are lower, so you can offset the higher crew cost of operating more planes. For those relations, the A380 is simply too large and not fuel efficient enough, and its demands on the airport infrastructure are too high. So the number of relation it can operate economically is shrinking. And higher oil prices caused the cost of fuel per seat to increase, and the more efficient planes are flying cheaper even when you need more crew for more planes. And with their lower operating costs on ground for service, they even compete successfully on the few remaining large capacity relations the A380 was designed for.

    • Plenty of airports have reached, or are reaching, their maximum capacity. If a single takeoff/landing could carry more passengers, that would be very welcome.

      There is FAR more to the cost equation than capacity constraints for takeoffs/landings at a handful of airports.

      The problem with the A380 is that it creates more turbulence in the air around it than any other plane.

      The article you linked to is from 2005. That might be a problem with the A380 but it's not even near the top of the list of the reasons why it is struggling economically. The A380 is designed for long flights between big hubs. Smaller more fuel efficient planes, low cost point-to-point airlines, minimal number of economically viable routes for such a big aircraft, cost of airport modifications

    • Not an impossible or even difficult logistical problem, especially considering any airport that services an A380 has plenty other heavy category planes that aren't as impacted. It's what airports do. And extra minute, and that's all it is for say a 777, to wait to get another 400+ people off the ground is something the airports would take all day long.

      The problem is there really isn't a market for this plane. You can't justify the costs of the plane and infrastructure when a percentage of your flights legs

    • by mjwx ( 966435 )

      Plenty of airports have reached, or are reaching, their maximum capacity. If a single takeoff/landing could carry more passengers, that would be very welcome.

      The problem with the A380 is that it creates more turbulence in the air around it than any other plane. This necessitates, for safety reasons, a longer delay between the A380 and the plane after it [flightglobal.com] than is required for other planes. So if you have more passengers on each plane, but a longer wait between planes, that neutralizes the capacity advantage of the A380.

      Only for airports that are congested, sadly this is London Heathrow with only two parallel runways and is the 7th busiest airport int he world.

      The Wake Turbulence Class (WTC) of the A380 isn't the biggest issue however, the A380 was designed for flights between hubs that could handle it. The problem is that an A380 cant fit inside a normal airport gate (the bit with the boarding jetway) so this limited the number of airports it could land at more than its WTC.

      The A380 is a fantastic aircraft to fly, m

    • by jbengt ( 874751 )
      As the poster below implies, there's a lot more to it than reducing the number of flights. more to it [google.com] than reducing the number of flights. There's a lot of infrastructure that may or may not be able to handle the large plane. They may be restricted to certain runways & taxiways, and would definitely be restricted to only a few gates. The airlines would have to pick up the tab, one way or another, for reworking jet bridges & gates so that four exits can be used, including the unusually high ones f
    • Yes. The A380 makes no business sense. Smaller aircraft are fuel efficient. Airlines do not like the mega craft because they want to also adjust the capacity for different routes. With A380, they are stuck with this huge plane they cannot fill and they cannot adjust to the changing market conditions. The idea that launching a single A380 rather than several smaller planes would be appealing proved wrong. It makes things more inefficient for the consumer who has to wait longer for a flight and cannot schedul

    • While that might be a problem, I don’t think that’s the main reason the a380 isn’t a success. One main reason I can see that most airports today can’t handle the landing or boarding requirements thus restricting which routes it can be flown. The second one is that the 4 engines are not as fuel efficient as 2 engine planes thus airlines are limited in scheduling in order to make a profit. The last problem is that Airbus is ever made a freight variant and can’t sell to freight co

    • by k6mfw ( 1182893 )

      changing topic here, some years ago Aviation Week had a four page foldout ad for the 380. It showed how it will have showers and a shopping mall like they have on cruise ships. It reminded me of how 747 was first visioned as the top floor would be a bar with a live band (some of those early flights had these, and passengers required to seventies polyester fashions). I saved that magazine because though only illustrations (380 was still in design/development) it would be humorous years from now of "what were

    • by jrumney ( 197329 )

      Having witnessed an airport that went from almost exclusively B737 / A320s to a 50/50 mix of those and B777 / A330s, I hate to tell you that airport capacity is much more than the number of planes the runway and gates can handle. Airports also need to upgrade their parking, check-in counters, restaurants, security scanners, immigration desks (if international) and seating areas inside the terminal if they are going to handle more passengers. It ends up being just as easy to build another terminal and per

  • Good news. (Score:5, Insightful)

    by kurkosdr ( 2378710 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @07:11AM (#58120132)
    Good news. The hub-and-spoke model needs to die a quick death. If that means taking impressive planes like the A380 with it, so be it. You haven't known anxiety unless you have been subjected to the experience of running around the airport with your handbag trying to catch the second leg of your flight (after the first leg has been delayed) because the flight after the one you are about to miss is scheduled for tomorrow at 6:30AM.
    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      How would this end the hub and spoke model?
      • The hub and spoke model is ending or more accurately losing relevance, and it's taking planes like the A380 that were designed to serve a hub-and-spoke model with it.
    • Good news. The hub-and-spoke model needs to die a quick death. If that means taking impressive planes like the A380 with it, so be it. You haven't known anxiety unless you have been subjected to the experience of running around the airport with your handbag trying to catch the second leg of your flight (after the first leg has been delayed) because the flight after the one you are about to miss is scheduled for tomorrow at 6:30AM.

      Sorry, but that's not going to happen. While in some unusual circumstances you might see something like a Des Moines to Reno flight come out of nowhere, you aren't realistically going to see Des Moines suddenly get flights to places the hubs service like, say, Santa Fe, New Mexico. This will have almost no impact on the hub system. International travel and smaller, less popular US destinations will still have to use the hub and spoke model. And by the way, under the old system some of the flights were

    • by Ichijo ( 607641 )

      Don't take the last flight of the day.

      Also, we need more high speed trains to get people to and from the hubs, so if you miss a local flight due to a delay or weather grounding the flight, you can take the train instead. This may kill the shorter flights (in turn killing the hub-and-spoke model), but those are the flights the airlines don't much care for [sfexaminer.com] anyway.

  • by Entrope ( 68843 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @07:18AM (#58120144) Homepage

    Those of us who are better at math know that 234 is slightly less than a FIFTH of 1200. Airbus, 19.5% is way below the "passing" threshold.

  • But passengers do not love to fly the routes that the A380 is economical to fly on.

    Not to mention that passengers are NOT the customers for this plane, airlines are.

  • As it turns out, it was cheaper to open smaller regional airports (used by Ryanair, Easyjet etc) than to economize the traditional airports using more seats per landing window. The A380 and 747 had Reagan's de-regulation in their rearview mirror. The object was closer than it appeared.
  • To me personally the golden age of air travel was the early Seventies. Everyday passengers could enjoy the mass comfort of three competing widebodies, while wealthy early adopters could go supersonic on the Concorde. Now both the widebody and supersonic options are gone, and seats keep getting smaller. Even the speed of the average large commercial craft has declined from 600 mph to 500-550.

    The plane the airlines really like now is the 737. Although it was designed for short domestic flights by carriers lik

    • ... drop tanks on the wings, and room for perhaps 50 passengers ...

      Do you mean this room for extra 50 passengers would be on the wings? Well, would not be surprised.

    • To me personally the golden age of air travel was the early Seventies. Everyday passengers could enjoy the mass comfort of three competing widebodies, while wealthy early adopters could go supersonic on the Concorde.

      You mean back in the 1970's when the government mandated that flights costs three to five times more in inflation adjusted dollars. [theatlantic.com] You can still get that service, just fly first class which provides those same amenities at those 1970's prices. Also, those supersonic flights weren't really that comfortable [cnn.com] - the seats were cramped, and it was super noisy - the only redeeming grace was that you saved an hour or two on your flight, and you could brag that you had the money to blow on such a "luxury."

  • by sdinfoserv ( 1793266 ) on Thursday February 14, 2019 @12:32PM (#58121636)
    Boeing is having a record year. 2018 was a record year and 2019 looks to be even better. The 777x platform has a huge backlog, mostly taking customers away from the older A380.
    https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/30... [cnn.com]
  • Limited on where it can park at airports. Runways were not the issue, but the gate space was.

A university faculty is 500 egotists with a common parking problem.

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