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Researchers Warn That Social Media May Be 'Fundamentally at Odds' With Science (techcrunch.com) 217

An anonymous reader shares a report: A special set of editorials published in today's issue of the journal Science argue that social media in its current form may well be fundamentally broken for the purposes of presenting and disseminating facts and reason. The algorithms are running the show now, they argue, and the systems priorities are unfortunately backwards. In an incisive (and free to read) opinion piece by Dominique Brossard and Dietram Scheufele of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the basic disconnect with what scientists need and what social media platforms provide is convincingly laid out.

"Rules of scientific discourse and the systematic, objective, and transparent evaluation of evidence are fundamentally at odds with the realities of debates in most online spaces," they write. "It is debatable whether social media platforms that are designed to monetize outrage and disagreement among users are the most productive channel for convincing skeptical publics that settled science about climate change or vaccines is not up for debate." The most elementary feature of social media that reduces the effect of communication by scientists is pervasive sorting and recommendation engines. This produces what Brossard and Scheufele call "homophilic self-sorting" -- the ones who are shown this content are the ones who are already familiar with it. In other words, they're preaching to the choir.

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Researchers Warn That Social Media May Be 'Fundamentally at Odds' With Science

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  • No. . . really? (Score:5, Interesting)

    by thrasher thetic ( 4566717 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @10:49AM (#62259053)
    Unsurprising that social media networks are bad at disseminating rigorous scientific data, seeing as how they were never built to do that. That's like saying my car is 'at odds' with maritime travel. They're giant confirmation bias engines plus shit-talk.
  • for treating the internet and many of its services as infrastructure and therefore part of the common. Its control and management can't be left to those whose mandate is to monetize everything in sight at the cost of whatever collateral damage we let them get away with.

    I get that setting up that control under governments and citizens' committees and educational institutions would be a huge task, not just logistically and financially but also socially, psychologically, and philosophically.

    I think we tend to

    • I think we tend to view the birth of the internet as the modern-day equivalent of the advent of the printing press. But it's probably greater by several orders of magnitude, because of today's vastly larger population and the internet's hugely faster and more widespread dissemination of information. This makes every consideration of managing it and mitigating its effects terribly complex.

      I think that effort is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition of maintaining a viable, advanced human civilization.

      If the printing press was responsible for hundreds of years of religious wars following the spread of protestantism enabled by the distribution of bibles translated to native languages, then in comparison so far i think we're doing great.

      What's good for the goose is good for gander and I believe short term negative effects are exaggerated while positive long term effects are underestimated.

      • What's good for the goose is good for gander and I believe short term negative effects are exaggerated while positive long term effects are underestimated.

        Fair point. It also make me wonder if perhaps the negative effects of the printing press were 'front loaded' to a greater extent than those of the internet, with the positive effects catching up and surpassing later on. We've had a pretty great ride with the internet AFAIC, with the most damaging effects becoming obvious in the last five years or so.

        • We've had a pretty great ride with the internet AFAIC, with the most damaging effects becoming obvious in the last five years or so.

          I'd just add the view that experiencing short term positive effects are often exaggerated.

    • by Tailhook ( 98486 )

      control under governments and citizens' committees and educational institutions

      In the recent past you might have relied on one or all of those nebulously defined groups to rationalize slavery, provide evidence of the harmlessness of smoking, have homosexuality designated a disease or expound on the rational and moral superiority of fascism.

      "Social media" is a direct consequence of the 1st amendment and its various equivalents, so why not solve the problem at its root? Our precious Science can't be expected to tolerate these excessive liberties!

  • Anytime someone says settled science, they're selling something. There is no such thing as "Settled Science" as science grows and evolves based on disruption and disagreement.
    With that said, the argument about global warming is a red herring. Pollution (of all kinds) is bad. CO2 Pollution is bad because it causes all these other things BESDIES global warming. Any one of the other things is a reason to stop producing as much as we do. Then there's plastics pollution, there's arsenic, there's heavy met
    • You have to admit though there is a difference between a scientist questioning "settled science" (they'll develop a hypothesis, define tests to prove or disprove the hypothesis, and they'll share the results of the whole thing) vs some anti-science cracker out there coming up with their own BS posting to FB to try and gain followers...

      • by Shaeun ( 1867894 )
        I know you have to be right - because it's on the internet and they don't allow false things on the internet!

        wait...

        Never once did I say that scientific rigor is not important. That genius on Facebook is probably trying to sell something. To You. Probably something that is bad for you.
        Tide Pod Challenge
        Antifreeze As Cool aid Challenge
        Cinnamon Challenge
        10 Gallons of water in one sitting Challenge

        All of these will hurt you. Badly. TLDR; Science is about disagreement (using logic and evidence, an
      • I notice how all you just blathered on about is wholly tangent and a complete strawman.

        This couldnt have been accidental.

        So why are you being a fucking dishonest cunt right now?
    • by gillbates ( 106458 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @11:16AM (#62259165) Homepage Journal

      In the 80's, "Settled Science" told us that butter was unhealthy, so science's most ardent believers switched to margarine...

      Which unfortunately, has a heart-disease risk several times that of butter. Those who believed science was some sort of unquestionable truth ended up dying before they could pass their reverence of science on to their progeny. Which is how we get to where we are now - scientists complaining they have little to no credibility with the general public.

      It dismays me that people who can be extraordinarily smart in science and technical fields, many of whom hold one or more advanced degrees, cannot even field a sound and convincing argument in the well of public discourse. What good is science without the ability to articulate its findings to the public at large in a manner useful to humanity? What these guys need is a public speaking / creative writing course, not a withering polemic about how their past failings have come back to haunt them.

      • Re:Settled Science (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Thelasko ( 1196535 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @01:46PM (#62259801) Journal
        Unfortunately, the results of scientific research are often nuanced, and that makes it difficult to communicate. Scientists don't usually discuss their research directly with the general public. I agree that this has largely to do with the fact most scientists are inarticulate. However, it also has to do with our media having no tolerance for nuance. Detailed scientific research gets distilled down to "butter bad, margarine good".

        While scientists are often inarticulate, members of the media are not supposed to be. Their purpose is to disseminate important and complex scientific results in terms most people can understand. It's not supposed to be the job of scientists. Unfortunately, scientists are getting the blame for media's failure.

        Also, I've come to realize the field of public relations plays a role in this too. Public relations professionals are supposed to act as a buffer between the scientists and the media. They should be coaching the scientists on how to interact better with the public, and they should also be making sure the media's reporting is accurate.
        • Unfortunately, the results of scientific research are often nuanced, and that makes it difficult to communicate. Scientists don't usually discuss their research directly with the general public. I agree that this has largely to do with the fact most scientists are inarticulate. However, it also has to do with our media having no tolerance for nuance. Detailed scientific research gets distilled down to "butter bad, margarine good".

          Even more unfortunately, the alleged scientific inquiry surrounding human biology and metabolism has been utter dogshit for the past century. There was no nuance in the original study. It literally concluded "butter bad, margarine good." The reporters didn't miss anything. The science really was that awful. This pattern was repeated an appalling number of times, especially early last century. Not to mention the meddling of industry in science for profit. General Mills is guilty of crimes against huma

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      Actually, there are well-verified and well understood scientific results. I think you really do not know how Science works. Sure, if anybody comes up with extraordinary evidence, then even these will be re-examined. But in the absence of that extraordinary evidence no sane scientist will disagree with these fundamentals.

      Now, for example, if climate people say "the Science is settled" they are indeed selling something. They do that because they have realized that the common person is incapable of understandi

      • by Shaeun ( 1867894 )

        Actually, there are well-verified and well understood scientific results. I think you really do not know how Science works. Sure, if anybody comes up with extraordinary evidence, then even these will be re-examined. But in the absence of that extraordinary evidence no sane scientist will disagree with these fundamentals.

        Now, for example, if climate people say "the Science is settled" they are indeed selling something. They do that because they have realized that the common person is incapable of understanding that some Scientific results are exceptionally solid and continue denying what is there and well-proven. Hence, in the face of an existential threat that a large part of the human race refuses to see, marketing methods get employed. You know, be a little less truthful but actually may make the human race survive. Because we are heading for a cliff at high speed. Sure, that cliff is very distant at this time. But the respective scientific experts can see it clearly and have seen it clearly for something like 40 years now. Yet the common person refuses to understand what is going on and shows no sign of slowing down.

        The inconvenient truth is that climate science has along way to go before it is "Settled". Shouting down the opposition and making appeals to authority rather than discussing the very real effects of all sorts of pollution is disingenuous at best. CO2 is a knock on effect of all sorts of pollution. All of which has to be stopped. The sales job ignores all of the other issues in the pursuit of a false sense of unity to build the appeal to authority.

        In other words - I understand the creation and evaluatio

        • by gweihir ( 88907 )

          The inconvenient truth is that climate science has along way to go before it is "Settled".

          Nope. It just has to overcome an extreme wall of denial and stupidity.

  • social media in its current form may well be fundamentally broken for the purposes of presenting and disseminating facts and reason

    Haven't we all known this at least since the only "social media" was Usenet?

    I feel like a lot of organizations have decided to put their messages on Facebook and Twitter simply because of the size of the potential audience, without regard for whether the messages will be effective. This is just bad lazy assumptions biting people in the ass, innit?

  • for paid publications in order to understand everything that's wrong with modern science.

  • These are people of the land. The common clay of the new West. You know morons.

  • by Arzaboa ( 2804779 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @10:57AM (#62259089)

    Science is something that we, as humans, use to help our decision making, nothing more, and nothing less. The entire idea that there is only one way to do anything, and science dictates that is just wrong.

    We are humans. Life is nuanced. Every decision we make depends on multiple factors, each with its own science.

    Are Facebook and the like bad for the human population? I've argued against them since the first day they started distributing ads that only corporations and governments were buying and pushing. The outcome seemed obvious to me, but this has nothing to do with science, unless we are all now robots.

    Anyone who stands up and tries to tell you that "science" is some golden path that we are uncovering and that it shows us the one true way, is nothing more than a modern day fortune teller.

    --
    We live in a society exquisitely dependent on science and technology, in which hardly anyone knows anything about science and technology. - Carl Sagan

    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      True. There is no God, but Science actually exists and works.

      Also, you do not understand Science. There is basically nothing in science that says there is "only one true way". That is more in line with the approach of people that claim there is a God.

      • The nonsense that people can extrapolate from one post is amazing.

        "Also, you do not understand Science." ?? Haha, what? I was replying to an article telling us that "science" has determined social media is bad for us.

        Oh lord. Please tell me more about myself ole' prophet.

        --
        Let the one among you who is without sin be the first to cast a stone. - Jesus Christ

        • by gweihir ( 88907 )

          The nonsense that people can extrapolate from one post is amazing.

          "Also, you do not understand Science." ?? Haha, what? I was replying to an article telling us that "science" has determined social media is bad for us.

          Oh lord. Please tell me more about myself ole' prophet.

          --
          Let the one among you who is without sin be the first to cast a stone. - Jesus Christ

          You really, really do not understand how Science works.

    • Science is something that we, as humans, use to help our decision making, nothing more

      I'm sorry to say this is bullshit, we'll try to imagine we were on a smaller planet with tiny resources of a tiny asteroid and theres only enough resources for a small group of people to get to the next planet. If you don't have science to figure out what those resources are you're species is going to go extinct.

      Science IS about reality and real truths about the universe, our issue is our minds can't model the universe perfectly so we say "it's true as far as our model/data can tell" but there are data tha

      • Look at your reaction to even that statement. The assumptions built in are huge, and really just tell us where you are coming from. It's a good thing in discourse to know where another stands. What is really amazing to me though is the idea that science will tell us all exactly how we should live and be humans. There are so many things about being a human on planet earth that have zero need for a scientific study, and even when the "science tells you otherwise", you still must do. I've been an engin

        • Look at your reaction to even that statement. The assumptions built in are huge

          No there are no assumptions because you are illiterate. We have evidence of dead planets and dying stars, anyone who doubts the sun will run out of fuel one day IS a flaming anti-science lunatic.

          I can tell you the facts, and the figures and you'll reason to the wrong conclusion, see the science:

          https://www.youtube.com/watch?... [youtube.com]

  • People don't understand that social media posts often have some kind of agenda, often obfuscated so they don't know the true reasoning behind the posts.

    Science doesn't have an agenda - it is based upon facts, evidence, and the rigors of scientific reasoning.

    Social media posts will, however, twist things in order to get some kind of gain or advantage, but the readers may not understand what is going on.

    • by jstott ( 212041 )

      Science doesn't have an agenda - it is based upon facts, evidence, and the rigors of scientific reasoning.

      Science does have an agenda: it says arguments should be based on "facts, evidence, and the rigors of scientific reasoning." Just because you and I agree with it doesn't make it any less an agenda.

      Unfortunately, this isn't the 19th century world of Enlightenment-era Logical Positivism where reason reigned supreme [or pretended to]. We live in a post-modern world where the very existence of facts and

  • What? (Score:4, Insightful)

    by PPH ( 736903 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @11:01AM (#62259103)

    The most elementary feature of social media that reduces the effect of communication by scientists is ...

    Why would scientists give a rats ass about what is being discussed on social media? Science isn't a popularity contest. It's about peer reviewed research. And I mean actual peers. Not the cretins that re-post some papers on their own "climate science" website/blog to bump up their Google score. People who justify their position with a count of how many "likes" they got should quit science and make a living shaking their booty next to the Kardashians.

    • Re:What? (Score:5, Insightful)

      by battingly ( 5065477 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @11:30AM (#62259223)

      Why would scientists give a rats ass about what is being discussed on social media?

      Because social media is compromising the ability of science to do its job in society.

    • Sadly, peer review is seen by the general public that doesn't much understand the scientific method as a fancy way of earning likes. That's the sad reality we're living in.

  • by jfdavis668 ( 1414919 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @11:02AM (#62259109)
    And failed me in biology.
  • by Archtech ( 159117 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @11:04AM (#62259115)

    "It is debatable whether social media platforms that are designed to monetize outrage and disagreement among users are the most productive channel for convincing skeptical publics that settled science about climate change or vaccines is not up for debate."

    Anyone who can even suggest that "settled science... is not up for debate" is not a scientist, and either fails entirely to understand science or is deliberately trying to misrepresent it.

    Science is all about debate, and no scientific theory is ever above challenge.

    • "Debate" has no place in science. Science *is* all about challenging the status quo, but with data and empirical models, not rhetoric. The closest way "debate" has any relevance to science is the use of "thought experiments," but really those are at the core mathematical evaluation of some model or theory in a parameter space without experimental data.

      You can challenge a theory or model by producing conflicting data or mathematically demonstrating that the model has errors or omissions. You can challenge

    • >

      Science is all about debate, and no scientific theory is ever above challenge.

      A challenge is not simply saying "I disagree". A challenge is showing reproducible evidence to the contrary.

  • by _xeno_ ( 155264 ) on Friday February 11, 2022 @11:05AM (#62259121) Homepage Journal

    It's not social media, it's the algorithm that attempts to only show people content that they'll "engage" with. Sure, the summary says as much, but I really disagree with the idea that creating open spaces for discussion is the problem or that these filtering algorithms are inherent to social media.

    The problem isn't that people are allowed to post their views online, the problem is that the algorithm is designed only to show the views that generate the most "engagement" and those tends to be the ones that are the most inflammatory - even if correct. Instead of getting well reasoned debated, debate is limited to those who can post the most "clickbait" comments.

    Get rid of these filtering algorithms or change the way they work (for example, with a system like Slashdot's moderation system), and you can move from a system that promotes flamebait to one that promotes reasonable discussion.

    But that's not going to happen because that's not where the money is. Which pairs well with the previous story of Google killing their business version of Google+ - there's no easy money to be made in a platform that promotes actual communication. Everyone's given up and let Facebook take over. (Or, I suppose, any time anyone starts competing with Facebook, Facebook buys the company.)

    But as Facebook's recent losses show, eternal outrage isn't a sustainable model. People are burning out of outrage-based social media.

    Unfortunately I don't really have a lot of hope that things will be allowed to improve. It's not just that there's not a lot of money in allowing open communication, there's not a lot of power in it. Even if it costs them money, I don't see Facebook being willing to give up the power that controlling what people are allowed to see gives them. And even if a competitor comes to take Facebook's place, it too will eventually be corrupted to control what people are allowed to see.

  • Having a political motive for certain scientific outcomes, like determining that of course the virus didn't come from a lab, of course universal lockdowns are the best public policy to deal with this virus, of course cloth masks are effective and we all have to wear them, of course vaccines and vaccine mandates are the best and only way to treat and prevent this virus...
  • Too bad the algorithm will insure links to the paper are never seen. Waiting for the code that seeks the paper.out and deletes it before it can be read, then social medias what for world domination will be complete.
  • A huge portion of the average readers will stop at this:

    "homophilic self-sorting"

    and then start arguing about gay rights on one side and "we don't need no queers here" on the other.

    Scientists need to be less jargony, use more everyday words in their papers. Actually, in the tech sector in general, people pump up their wordsmithing thinking jargon makes the work sound better when it just makes it hard to understand. I get this, but they could have phrased it better, like "social media algorithms preferential

    • I agree to a certain extent. Sure, if you are writing a paper that you believe will only ever be read by your peers that have the same training and background as you, jargon away. But, as any writing class or book or training will tell you, public writing needs to be written so your average school kid can read it because people will either misunderstand your jargon, or just flat-out give up if they can't make sense of it quickly. Especially now, where it should be easier than ever to look up definitions,

  • It's where stupid people hang out who can't distract themselves.
    Can't watch football all day long.

  • Isn't just at odds with science, it's at odds with humanity.

  • Social media is
    - Who screams loudest _or_
    - Who is posturing best _or_
    - Who does the best appeal to emotion

    In addition there are tons of people that can only think in absolutes like yes/no, miracle/worthless, for/against, etc. because they have hypeified their thinking and thereby completely broken it. The real world is shades of grey, uncertainty, unknown things, statistics and "it depends". These people cannot even recognize actual facts because there is no space in their world-model for things that ar

    • Where are my mod points when I really need them...

      Exactly. The biggest problem is that the vast majority of people are absolutely incapable of thinking in a way that isn't binary, and when you present a probability or uncertainty to these people they just can't understand. It's like you trying to explain colors to someone who only sees in black and white.
      • by gweihir ( 88907 )

        Where are my mod points when I really need them...

        Thanks, the sentiment is appreciated nonetheless.

        Exactly. The biggest problem is that the vast majority of people are absolutely incapable of thinking in a way that isn't binary, and when you present a probability or uncertainty to these people they just can't understand. It's like you trying to explain colors to someone who only sees in black and white.

        Indeed. Also very frequently observable here on Slashdot. It is like these people have immunized themselves against seeing how things actually work and what is actually happening. And some of them build the most complex "arguments" on basically hot air and believe that gives them validity. Nicely shows that there are a lot of really dumb people with high intelligence. Intelligence is merely a tool, you still have to understand how to use it competently. Build

  • It went from being what is important, or even factual, to what gets the most views.
  • For the simple reason that the scientists do not fully understand the dynamics of climate. Within the last week, slashdot had an article about the lack of understanding of various facets of climate models.

  • Everything is up for debate. The term "settle science" is not productive. At one point the earth being the center of the universe was settle science. "settled knowledge not up for debate" is for religion only.
  • Since I woke up this morning, this makes the third article I've seen about the ills of social media. (Another article was enumerating all of the signs you suffer from an addiction to it and what you should do to break the habit.)

    To me, all of this "research" that social media is at odds with science is ridiculous. It's just a case of more researchers trying to gain some notoriety by researching the obvious. I mean, yes - if you design a social media platform so it curates the content and tries to use any

  • When it comes to contentious political issues, really nobody cares much about actual science.

    The democrat states are now rolling back covid restrictions, in a sort of preference cascade. "The science" hasn't changed from like two weeks ago, when if you didn't want masks everywhere you were a murderous science denier. The only thing that has changed is the party line.

    You could have been disappeared off social media for "disinformation" a week ago, just for saying what Dem pols are saying this week.

  • Just sayin'. Oh, and in case you were clueless, political science is not science either.

  • So engagement algorithms cause people to self segregate with people with similar ill founded opinions. You know what does too, any non censored communication platform which allows them to self segregate, including Internet itself.

    Only government censorship or ideologically based deplatforming by private oligopolys and banning P2P (Peon to Peon) internet can keep the chud choir from preaching to the chud choir. In that respect the lack of P2P on mobile makes their totalitarian dreams a little easier, just ne

  • Facts should come with an NFT. Now people can know what's true AND profit off it! Problem solved.
  • Not just social media. The root of the problem is ignoramus journalists.

  • Science limits itself to empirical observation.

    Which means it isn't scientific to talk about integrity, meaning, devotion, etc.

    It should be the opposite way around:

    We should do science on the basis of our ideals to support our ideals.

Heisenberg may have been here.

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