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Transportation

Audi Is Converting All Factories To Produce EVs As It Phases Out Gas Cars (electrek.co) 133

Posted by BeauHD from the out-with-the-old-in-with-the-new dept.
An anonymous reader quotes a report from Electrek: Audi is preparing to convert its entire network of global production factories to manufacture electric vehicles as it gears up to compete in the auto industry's future. ;...] Audi announced last year that its last combustion car would roll off the line in 2033 (if they are still around then), launching only electric vehicles from 2026. To better compete in the new EV era and ease the transition, Audi will convert all exiting existing production factories to build electric vehicles by 2029. Audi board member for production and logistics Gerd Walker said, "Step by step, we are bringing all our sites into the future" as the automaker prepares to go all in on electric vehicles.

In a press release Tuesday, Audi presented the "plan for the production of the future," including converting its network of global factories to produce purely electric vehicles. Walker added: "The path Audi is taking conserves resources and accelerates our transformation to a provider of sustainable premium mobility. Rather than building new facilities like some competitors, Audi will work to incorporate the flexibility these new state-of-the-art plants provide into its existing operations."

A primary focal point of Audi's production plan is to cut annual factory costs in half by 2033, aligning with when it plans to phase out combustion models. To do so, the company will continue to digitalize and streamline its manufacturing processes with solutions like Edge Cloud 4 Production. According to Audi, less expensive industrial PCs will result in lower IT costs with software updates and OS changes. To have the ability to respond to fluctuating consumer demand, Walker says: "We want to structure both product and production so we get the optimum benefit for our customers." He adds an example of building the new Audi Q6 e-tron on the same line as the A4 and A5 as it phases out its gas models.
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Audi Is Converting All Factories To Produce EVs As It Phases Out Gas Cars More

Audi Is Converting All Factories To Produce EVs As It Phases Out Gas Cars

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  • They don't get the importance of ADAS. They've doubled down on human control. What's the point going electric if 1 million people (40,000 just in the USA) are killed annually due to human negligence in operating a motor vehicle? Either we should ban motor vehicles entirely, OR require that automobiles detect that they are about to commit murder and avert it.

    • Re:Half the formula (Score:4, Interesting)

      by quonset ( 4839537 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @07:20PM (#63146226)

      The point is it helps reduce the population. Also, every vehicle involved in an accident is one less vehicle on the road which in turn means less congestion.

      A win-win situation.

      • Re:Half the formula (Score:5, Funny)

        by dohzer ( 867770 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @07:28PM (#63146238)

        Been around the world and found that only stupid people are breeding. The cretins cloning and feeding. And I don't even own an EV.

        • I read an article a few years ago that looked at intelligence in humans over the past several century or so. The climb in human intelligence has leveled off. People arent getting any dumber, but they arent getting and smarter either. Apparently, from an evolutionary perspective, our current level of smarts is “good enough”.

          • Re:Half the formula (Score:5, Interesting)

            by angel'o'sphere ( 80593 ) <angelo.schneider ... e ['oom' in gap]> on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @09:57PM (#63146568) Journal

            Research on such a topic is difficult.

            Modern IQ tests are standardized so that the average is 100.
            So if the overall population would become smarter the IQ tests would take that into account by shifting the point where you have 100IQ to the right.

            The other problem is that lots of IQ tests are in fact tests of knowledge, may it be language or math, or simple stuff you can train - but many people never did train before, e.g. finding the one shape that is a mirror image of the other ones.

            You can easy pick two sets of people from two different cultures and one set will excel in a certain type of IQ tests where the other one is mediocre. It does not really tell anyone much how smart anyone of the two sets is.

            Then again: IQ or intelligence is often clustered on specific areas. While a person might be just around average in a full IQ test, he might excel e.g. in the pattern recognition area.

            Then there are math tests where you simply can cheat. Probably a question of IQ, too. E.g. I was once challenged to add something like 300 - 400 single and double digit numbers, so I simply paired them 1 : 9, 2 : 8 ... etc. on each page, and wrote the page summary on the bottom and then added 3 or 4 page results. Done ...

            However: I got never told if my number as correct.

            • Well, considering in the US, that they are now more concerned with teaching proper pronoun usage than English, and feel that math is racist, etc.....we're definitely getting dumber over here.

              What's started going on here in the past decade is so 180 different than anything taught or felt in the history of the country prior to now is astounding and hard to believe it is happening.

              It's so drastic and happening so quickly it has to be from some outside force pushing this along.

              I just don't see how at the equ

            • Then there are math tests where you simply can cheat. Probably a question of IQ, too. E.g. I was once challenged to add something like 300 - 400 single and double digit numbers, so I simply paired them 1 : 9, 2 : 8 ... etc. on each page, and wrote the page summary on the bottom and then added 3 or 4 page results. Done ...

              How is that cheating?

            • >Then again: IQ or intelligence is often clustered on specific areas. While a person might be just around average in a full IQ test, he might excel e.g. in the pattern recognition area. That's the only reason to explain why people buy Audis
          • Because the capitalist system doesn't reward people for being intelligent. There is no correlation between a person's wealth and a person's intelligence. If intelligence doesn't make your fitness as a mate better or your chances of a more fruitful life better than there is no mechanism by which genetics will lead to more intelligent people.
          • Yup, if you are smart enough to fill out a welfare application, then your DNA may get to survive in the gene pool.
    • So... short their stock and make a killing

    • Re: (Score:2)

      by AmiMoJo ( 196126 )

      Audi was one of the first to offer level 3 autonomy. It didn't work very well, but it was an option.

  • Actualy Audi may make a good electric car, because every one of the premature deaths of Audi automobile has been from something between the hood and the engine block. Something bad in the valve train, the timing set, the ignition, the exhaust all would not be an issue with an EV. They do make reasonably good non engine components and source them to all the car companies. Body control modules that attract water and bolted to the floor seem to be a feature in Audi and VW. When pulling them all failed

    • Re: (Score:2)

      by leonbev ( 111395 )

      Not really... the electrical system on Audi vehicles is flaky as well.

      My A4 tried to kill me when the gas pedal position sensor failed and the throttle got stuck wide open. When I complained to Audi corporate about it, they tried to blame the issue on a loose floormat... after the dealer already fixed the broken part. Scumbags.

  • How can it take 7 years? That's hardly going "all in." Whenever something gets announced as occurring more than 5 years from now, it's guaranteed they won't get it done and haven't even started. It only took Tesla a couple of years to build their Berlin plant, which is not churning out 3000 cars a week (and most of those two years were spent filing environment review paperwork involve in approving a new plant location.)

  • Goodbye Tesla (Score:3, Interesting)

    by rsilvergun ( 571051 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @07:24PM (#63146234)
    Tesla has been surviving based on government program that pays them to make electric cars and a general lack of competition in the EV market.

    My guess is Elon Musk is trying to turn Twitter into a 21st century Fox News. Fox News' viewers are aging out and they're not being replaced with the next generation of old fogies. That leaves a gap in the right wing propaganda space. Given that his main source of wealth is very likely going to Crater soon he was probably trying to diversify.

    It might actually work. There is a lot of money to be made as Fox News has shown. And there's a lot of angry people out there looking for vindication.

    On the other hand go watch a bit of Fox News and see how dodgy their advertisers are. Those guys aren't paying a lot. Catheter cowboys and dodgy pillow salesman only have so much money.

    And Twitter was already losing money. It lost half their advertisers and it's cut its rates in half. Musk sold the rate cut as a special deal where you got double the ad impressions but if you're getting double the ad impressions that means you're paying half the rate.

    He did say he was going to step down and put somebody more sensible in charge but then he didn't do it. So it remains to be seen whether he's going to run the company in the ground or not..

    One thing I've heard multiple times is that Tesla and SpaceX both have entire departments dedicated to babysitting Elon musk. I used to do some it work for some moderately sized companies that were privately owned or the owner had lost the plot and they had kind of cordoned him off from the rest of the business while basically letting him play pretend like he still ran the company. Actually got into a little bit of trouble at one of them that did this because I didn't realize they were doing it and I told the fake boss man his computer wasn't doing anything because it wasn't actually connected to the real databases...

    The problem musk is having a Twitter is that no such department exists so he has actual unfettered access to decision making instead of just being his usual self. Just a hype man and a college dropout.

    So again here we have every major car company ramping up production of EVS especially luxury EVS and meanwhile Tesla still can't get their panels to fit together. I suppose he does have a larger charging Network but the way government subsidies work it's easy to get the government to build out that infrastructure for you when you have as much money as an American car company

    • Re:Goodbye Tesla (Score:4, Insightful)

      by hdyoung ( 5182939 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @08:02PM (#63146342)
      I dont care what he does to Twitter, as long as he doesn’t wreck, SpaceX or Tesla. Those two companies actually matter. Twitter is nothing but the current fad of social networks and they come and go constantly.
      • Well, I do hope he doesn't ruin Twitter. I've been using it for about 10 years and I've managed to find a lot interesting people to follow. It's my most used social network by far. I guess if Twitter died maybe a solid competitor would appear and many of the current users would move there but I'd prefer if things stayed as they are.
        Of course, Twitter had financial problems well before Musk but that's another matter.

    • Re:Goodbye Tesla (Score:5, Informative)

      by _xeno_ ( 155264 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @09:00PM (#63146460) Homepage Journal

      Tesla has been surviving based on government program that pays them to make electric cars and a general lack of competition in the EV market.

      Want to name that government program? Because it doesn't exist. There was a $7500 tax credit for buying an EV, but there was no program paying them to make EVs.

      And Twitter was already losing money. It lost half their advertisers and it's cut its rates in half. Musk sold the rate cut as a special deal where you got double the ad impressions but if you're getting double the ad impressions that means you're paying half the rate.

      Twitter is seeing much more traffic since Musk took over. If you're an advertiser, and you want your posts to be seen, you'll want to advertise on Twitter. A lot of large brands are still there, happily advertising, including Apple.

      I suppose he does have a larger charging Network but the way government subsidies work it's easy to get the government to build out that infrastructure for you when you have as much money as an American car company

      Build? Yes. Maintain? Hahaha, nope.

      What no one seems to realize is that charging stations have two major things that need maintenance: there's the obvious physical wear and tear (they break down constantly, there was a recent WSJ article about someone taking a road trip in an EV and never finding a charging spot where there wasn't at least one broken charger), and the less obvious software updates. Because both the cars and the chargers have to talk with each other to start charging. And since Tesla is the only company that does OTA updates of their software, bugs in cars have to be addressed on the charger side.

      So not only are non-Telsa chargers frequently left broken for weeks if not months, they also never receive software updates, and therefore can't charge some vehicles that themselves will never receive software updates.

      Then there are the number of chargers themselves. Tesla installs 8 or more chargers in one location. The other networks? Maybe two. I've seen one place with a full five level 2 chargers! That's the most I've ever seen. You generally get either two level 2 chargers (those are slow, charging 20 miles an hour), or a level 2 charger paired with a "fast DC" charger. And generally, one of the two will be broken.

      I don't think Tesla really has anything to worry about. Sure, car companies are investing in making EVs. But those EVs are both years out, and are relying on someone else solving the charging problem.

      • So not only are non-Telsa chargers frequently left broken for weeks if not months, they also never receive software updates, and therefore can't charge some vehicles that themselves will never receive software updates.
        that is nonsense.

        Neither the car nor the charging station requires a particular software to charge. Software can only be required if you do something special on top of charging the batteries.

        • Re: (Score:2)

          by _xeno_ ( 155264 )

          Neither the car nor the charging station requires a particular software to charge.

          The chargers are implemented similar to USB-PD: there are data channels, and the car has to ask the charger to activate.

          And, you might be shocked to learn this, the car manufacturers are terrible at software. Part of the charging standard is both the charger and car continue talking to each other after starting the charge, monitoring the flow of power and potentially halting it if they detect something going wrong. And that's where the bugs come in: a lot of cars screw that part up, and will just stop charg

      • Oh, as for your worries about chargers we managed a trick American taxpayers in the paying for the roads need it for all these damned cars. Do you honestly think we can't also get those same taxpayers to pay for charging stations?

        And just like we pay for road maintenance will pay for charger maintenance.

        Privatized to profits and socialized the expenses. It's the American way.

      • Re:Goodbye Tesla (Score:4, Insightful)

        by thegarbz ( 1787294 ) on Wednesday December 21, 2022 @07:45AM (#63147360)

        Twitter is seeing much more traffic since Musk took over.

        A train wreak attracts far more watchers than a normal operating train does as well. People are coming and seeing the spectacle, that doesn't mean it's a healthy thriving business run by someone making level headed intelligent decisions.

        And despite what you say, half of the top advertisers have left Twitter. https://www.npr.org/2022/11/25... [npr.org] to the point where people within Twitter as well as investors are calling on Musk to stop fucking the company over.

        I agree wholeheartedly about what you say on Tesla, but Twitter is currently in a disastrous shape.

  • Too many buzzwords set of the PHB Yellow Alert.

  • IMHO Audi should be more aggressive. Industry expert Sandy Munro said that he thinks the crossover point (where half of all cars sold are EVs) will be somewhere in the range of 2025 to 2028, and I'm betting on more like 2025 to 2026.

    EV sales doubled in 2021 and as of right now EVs have over a 10% share [insideevs.com] of all new car sales worldwide! The change from 10% to 50% will go a lot faster than the change from 0.001% to 0.005%.

    Disruptions to established industries happen in S-curves, and we are now watching the EV

    • No, the industry should hold off until the prototype batteries being developed that only are made of common materials are perfected. There is disaster coming for lithium and other metals in current batteries. Why rely on ultra expensive toxic batteries made out of minerals destined for shortages?

      Well, an EV stock shill would want to hurry, but the rest of us want affordable car with cheap replaceable batteries that are trivial to recycle.

      • Re: (Score:3)

        by steveha ( 103154 )

        There is disaster coming for lithium

        Citation needed. Lithium is abundant [linkedin.com] in the Earth. There is currently a shortage of refined lithium; the solution is to build more refining capacity.

        ultra expensive toxic batteries

        Tesla is using lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries in many of their cars, especially cars for sale in China. These contain no expensive or badly toxic materials. Tesla is developing the 4680 cell, which when they have it fully developed is planned to have no cobalt or other bad materials;

        • Re: (Score:2)

          by steveha ( 103154 )

          Soon very few customers will want to buy an EV

          Brain fade. I meant to type "Soon very few customers will want to buy a combustion car" or else maybe "Soon very few customers will want to buy anything other than an EV". I wrote the opposite of what I meant! I apologize for the error.

        • https://time.com/6182044/elect... [time.com]

          EV not affordable, ordinary people care about up front money and $12K or more extra doesn't cut it, could buy gasoline for years with that.

          Only high purity lithium can go into batteries, and it takes years to go from discovery to production. Lithium mining is extremely water intensive so most reserves are a no-go.

          You bring up the farce of Redwood Materials in ignorance. They are not profitable, they just started and this year signed on some major manufacturers. Their CEO

          • Re: (Score:2)

            by steveha ( 103154 )

            Cool story bro.

          • That's a capital versus recurrent spending issue, unfortunately. Loans might be possible, though, to cover the capital issue given lower running costs.

            • Re: (Score:2)

              by steveha ( 103154 )

              Tony Seba and his think tank "RethinkX" are predicting that as soon as robotaxis become common, many people will give up on owning a car. With no need to pay a human driver, a robotaxi fare should be cheaper than even Uber/Lyft, and if the robotaxis are plentiful enough to be convenient many people will say "why should I bother owning a car?"

              • Re: (Score:2)

                by q_e_t ( 5104099 )

                It will make sense for some in cities where parking costs money, a robotaxi is only moments away, and the density supports the use of them. It might also be a boost to mass transit if that can be made cheap enough as you can potentially step off a train that can do a longer journey at 100+ mph almost straight into a robotaxi as central dispatch for the train can be talking to the robotaxi and your phone to predict arrival times. The issue will be how to then make traffic flows reliable given that as many st

    • Ask BMW how their 7-series are selling against the Tesla Model S. Not well. [autoweek.com]

      Not really a fair comparison, as BMW has far more models that Tesla. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 series cars. Z series roadsters, X series SUVs in several sizes, M specialty cars, and various I series electrics as well. BMW Canada site shows 57 models to choose from, compared to Tesla's three. BMW shipped 2.5 million cars globally in 2021, so they are doing OK.

      Myself, I'm glad they plan to keep making ICE cars as long as they are allowed. As that market gets smaller, they will capture more of it. I'm

      • Re: (Score:2)

        by steveha ( 103154 )

        BMW has far more models that Tesla

        Tesla has all the models it needs. Tesla is doing the same strategy as Apple: fewer distinct models. Luxury full-size sedan, luxury full-size SUV, mid-size sedan, mid-size SUV. They are selling all the cars they make.

        At some point Tesla will sell a compact, less-luxurious car. I speculate that it will have a folded stainless steel exterior like the Cybertruck and come in one color: unpainted stainless.

        Anyway if you read the article I linked you might notice that the Mod

        • Anyway if you read the article I linked you might notice that the Model 3 drastically outsells the Audi A4, and the Model Y drastically outsells the Audi Q5, and the Model S outsells the Audi A8 (no numbers given but the article says the S "handily outsold" the Audi and other brands of full-size luxury sedan).

          Audi has a lot of models as well. They sold 1.6 million units globally in 2021, which is still not too bad.

          You can still buy a horse and buggy if you like. You will always be able to buy a combustion car if you like. But EVs will become the mainstream right quick, so in the future you will have to pay a premium to stay with combustion.

          I agree, for the vast majority of people for whom a vehicle is simply an appliance to get from place to place an EV is going to be a better solution, at least once they become more affordable. I've driven a Model 3, and it was fast (in a straight line), but not at all engaging. Too much like an iPhone with wheels. No gears to shift, no wonderful exhaust note. I expect the enthusiast market is goin

    • 1) Most cars are housed outdoors, not in a garage.
      2) I'd bet a third of them are in inclement weather. Grandma can't snow-shovel out her charger.

      • Re: (Score:2)

        by steveha ( 103154 )

        My car is parked outside. And while snow is very unusual in the Seattle area, today we have snow.

        The charger is mounted on the outside of the house, and just the house roof keeps most or all snow from piling up on the charger. And using the phone, we can tell the car to start warming up the windscreen and the rear window to melt the snow off. With the car hooked up to the charger, it won't even run down the battery to pre-heat the car.

        The Tesla can be remotely warmed up and it's already nice inside when

        • Re: (Score:2)

          by kackle ( 910159 )
          I'm happy that you're happy, but I'm just stating the facts. I am personally interested in EVs. But I can see a dozen cars from my house window that are outside 24/7. Some driveways on our block have 5 cars in them. Should there be several chargers in the front yard, whether they want these or not?

          We're supposed to get hit with several inches of snow over the next few days, after which, it's going to be below 0 degrees F for days. If you've never experienced this, you can feel your nose hairs free

          • Re: (Score:2)

            by steveha ( 103154 )

            I live near and visit one of the largest cities in the world. The street parking is one car on top another for dozens of square miles. Is there going to have to be chargers every 6 feet?

            Tesla has built a lot of "Supercharger" stations inside parking garages in big cities. It will be possible to charge a car this way. It's not as convenient as gassing up an ICE car, but I used to do it. I lived in a condo and I didn't think I could put in a charger without a major upgrade to the electrical, so I kept dri

            • Re: (Score:2)

              by kackle ( 910159 )
              Yes, I can see EVs being cheaper for sure, especially since the fuel-economy laws have forced ICE automobiles to be loaded with complicated electronics and sensors (the first 10 failures of my 20-year old ICE car were electronic!). Out of curiosity, I'd like to know how the numbers would compare if they manufactured a small ICE car today with no electronics (using a carburetor instead, etc.).

              The EVs themselves may be cheaper for the lower-middle class, but, again, the perpetual costs of having to instal
        • In many parts of the world there is an issue. Look at London - people can't plug their cars directly to their houses without having cables crossing the pavement. It will require a lot of infrastructure. The UK seems particularly problematic.

    • Any car company that is predicting they will only be at 50% EV sales by 2030 is probably doomed.

      Anecdotal of course, but I don't know anyone in my sphere of friends that has an EV, nor plans or wants to get an EV anytime in the near future.

      Where I live, using those charge apps....there are very few publicly available ones at all.

      I don't see that much clamor where I live for EV's and an end to ICE at all.

      I live in the SE of the US....where do you live where you see such high demand for EVs over ICE?

      Ho

      • Re: (Score:2)

        by steveha ( 103154 )

        where do you live where you see such high demand for EVs over ICE?

        I'm going off of what I read on the Internet and see in various YouTube videos. I again call your attention to the "Valley of Death" graph:

        https://twitter.com/jpr007/status/1387621952508948493?lang=en [twitter.com]

        I don't know where he got his demand data from, but he's showing that demand for EVs is up and demand for combustion cars is falling, and he projected those trends into the future. What this chart is saying is that once people decide they want

        • As for where I live: I live near Seattle, and on the whole West Coast, we have high gasoline prices (due to high taxes mostly). My state has a lot of hydro power and relatively low electricity prices. So in my area an EV costs about 1/5 as much to drive as a 30 MPH gas car. (Going off national average prices for gasoline and electricity, EVs would be 1/2 as much to drive rather than 1/5.)

          Thank you.

          I was guessing if you were in the US, that you were one one coast or the other...mostly likely western coast.

      • The way it sometimes works is that no one wants one right up until the moment no one would consider anything else. Paradigm shifts can be fast and brutal.

        • Re: (Score:2)

          by steveha ( 103154 )

          The way it sometimes works is that no one wants one right up until the moment no one would consider anything else. Paradigm shifts can be fast and brutal.

          In the early part of an S-curve, it looks like the shift will take forever. Then when the vertical part of the S-curve is reached, the shift is shockingly fast.

          I'm seeing a lot of numbers for EVs and combustion cars, and it looks very much like we are hitting the vertical part of the S-curve in the next 3 or so years.

          The changeover from horse-and-buggy to

  • This is a mistake. (Score:3)

    by 278MorkandMindy ( 922498 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @07:41PM (#63146282)

    Not the title, the action of converting ALL to electric. Pretty sure it was some head honcho at Ford that said, given current projections, by 2030 demand for lithium will outstrip supply. Even if all know lithium deposits are mined at max capacity.

    I see no reason to think that will not be the case, so having all your eggs in the lithium basket seems incredibly naÃve.

    Having an alternate that they can flood the market with when everyone else has to charge $150k just to cover the battery cost seems... disruptive/sensible.

    I suppose they could be banking on "that new battery tech that will be comercialised within 5 years that is better than lithium"

    Although if they convert each factory one at a time, they may have the best of both worlds. Super efficient factory design (iteration breeds innovation) and some factories left that can produce ICE (or whatever magic comes next)

    • There's plenty of lithium. The limiting factor was that they can't setup mines fast enough to meet the 2030 deadlines.

      But chicken and egg, the 2030 deadlines can create huge incentives for lithium producers to start building capacity and it lights a fire under govt's ass to say "you've set this mandate, now you have to approve permits and actually partner up in ensuring these mines come online.

      • There simply isnâ(TM)t enough natural reserves of lithium in the world. Most of it is spread out in the oceans and extracting it would take more energy than it can ever save. If we all need lithium cars, weâ(TM)ll run out in just a few decades.

        • But in a few decades, everyone would have an EV. And that assumes batteries will still need lithium at that point. And even then, given the current alternatives that are readily available, it still makes sense to go for EVs now even if, in thirty years, we do something else.
  • Continue putting ICEs in cars, but charge a subscription to use them. That way they can greenwash their operations as well as profit from human stupidity.

  • Is this a big deal? (Score:3)

    by smoot123 ( 1027084 ) on Tuesday December 20, 2022 @10:59PM (#63146670)

    My initial reaction was "wow, huge news".

    But think about it. Audi and all other car manufacturers retool their factories all the time. In ten years, they won't be making a single car body they make today. Most of the other parts (suspension, dashboards, seats, engines, drive trains, and the like) will also be retooled on a rolling basis. And when you think about it, I'm pretty sure the body welding line isn't all that different between electric and gas vehicles. Sure the die shapes are different but it's all the same presses and robot welders.

    Where this will require significant changes is the engine and drive train lines. But is that really such a huge deal? If I had to guess, I'd expect that's in the 30% of their factory space range. If anyone has real numbers, please shout them out. Don't get me wrong, gutting and entirely retooling a third of your factories is a big deal but those factories were going to be retooled anyway.

    All in all, sounds like less of a big deal to me.

  • The infrastructure needs to be build for the general public first. My private garage is great for a cheap home installation, but they're forcing EVs on people who might live in apartments without charging stations.

  • What happens when EV's flop or not enough power to charge them all ?

  • Considering that 95% of the cars they sell today are ICE.

    Being the entire company that will be worth selling 100% in a handful of years seems exceedingly risky.

  • Will conversion to EV only make the average Audi driver more or less douchey?

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