Catch up on stories from the past week (and beyond) at the Slashdot story archive

 



Forgot your password?
typodupeerror
×
Businesses Technology

Cities Keep Building Luxury Apartments Almost No One Can Afford (bloomberg.com) 243

Cutting red tape and unleashing the free market was supposed to help strapped families. So far, it hasn't worked out that way. From a report: Austin is experiencing an unrivaled apartment boom. In 2021 the region including the Texas capital issued nearly 26,000 multifamily housing permits, about 11 units per 1,000 residents. That's more per capita than any large US metro area since 1996, when Las Vegas OK'd new apartments at only a slightly higher level, according to rental marketing firm Apartment List. By the same measure, which is based on an analysis of US census data, Austin topped the 50 largest US metropolitan areas in 9 of the last 10 years. Many, if not most, of these apartments are classified as luxury, depending on how you define it. (Some developments are likely using a bit of real estate puffery.) Buildings such as the Hanover have become a flashpoint in a fierce, often bitter debate raging in Texas, the US and around the world. It's about the best way to shelter this generation and the next, particularly in the most sought-after and expensive cities.

Academics, developers and people in their 20s and 30s -- particularly those most active on social media -- have reached an unusual level of consensus. Their solution, supported by a wealth of scholarly research, is simple and elegant: Loosen regulations, such as zoning, and build more homes of any kind -- cheap, modest and palatial. The shorthand for the movement has become "Build, build, build" or "Yes, in my backyard" -- Yimby, for short. It's a rejoinder to the "Not in my backyard," or Nimby, crowd, the hidebound folks who typically thwart construction. Texas is famous for its business-friendly ways, and David Ott is one of many embracing the Yimby approach. He oversees the Texas projects of Houston-based Hanover, which developed the building Young was showing on a recent March afternoon. He says Austin is getting overbuilt, so rents will indeed come down, especially in the suburbs. "It's simple supply and demand," he says.

This discussion has been archived. No new comments can be posted.

Cities Keep Building Luxury Apartments Almost No One Can Afford

Comments Filter:
  • by omnichad ( 1198475 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @11:45AM (#63467344) Homepage

    Developers do not want to build them. They can build a house twice the size for more than twice the profit.

    Apartments are similar. Yes, you can fit more smaller apartments in the same space, but it's nothing compared to the higher rent you can charge for bigger apartments.

    • by taustin ( 171655 )

      Cities don't want them to either, because more expensive apartments provide more in various tax revenues. And neighbors don't want low income, because they attract the poors, who are ugly.

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by shanen ( 462549 )

      Nice FP. So how about considering the social and psychological damage of the "my tiny kingdom" mentality fostered by small homes? Shoot first, ask questions about lost balls or turning around in my driveway afterwards!

      However, mostly I'd like to add a couple of historical footnotes. In my youth as a whippersnapper programmer I did a lot of work for commercial realtors in that selfsame Austin. The big crisis of those days involved office buildings and to a lesser degree shopping centers. The way capitalism w

    • by fermion ( 181285 )
      Which is to say cities donâ(TM)t build, developers do. They get the funding, and are expected to drive a profit. In my city for many years that meant renovating downtown office buildings into hotels.

      We have three large parcels of land right now under development for expensive apartments near downtown. They have been stagnant for a decade. They need funding other large parcels are being developed into relatively affordable townhomes

      Austin is unique in Texas for two reasons. First, it is the only cit

    • The permitting and inspection process, along with things like environmental review, not to mention site prep, are all essentially fixed overhead - whether you build expensive housing or cheap housing, you're really not going to be able to skimp on those costs. EIR is often used as an excuse to deny development, even in areas that can support the increase in higher end market units, so a lot of money has to be spent to actually push through a housing development.

      So assuming the market can support it (and if

      • Well you also have localities who are pushing things (at the request of existing residents) like limiting the number of houses that can be built (because they don't want more traffic), or restricting density requirements so that your number of houses per acre is a maximum amount such that its not feasible to build houses but so small).

        I mean I get it to some degree - Americans (including myself) have a very individualist mindset and largely want to be off to themselves without lots of other people to bother

        • I'm of the mind that if you don't want people to urbanize your neighborhood, you're going to need to pick a spot to sacrifice to be the damage soak.

          From that perspective, building mass transit and hyperdense neighborhoods around those trains, subways, and monorials, helps to relieve stress on the neighborhoods that want to stay the way they are. But that means proactively voting for and pushing through hyperdense development... which is problematic, because that also means willingly diluting your own votin

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by dbialac ( 320955 )
      What's completely missed is that typically when somebody is at the beginning of their career, they shouldn't expect to be able to buy or rent the fancy new housing unit, just like they can't necessarily buy every other fancy new item they want. Pretty much nobody is in that position at that age, and their parents were too. As such, they can't expect to own all of the same stuff their parents do now as they move out on their own. Instead, what happens is somebody who has been in their career longer goes and
      • by Smidge204 ( 605297 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @01:02PM (#63467564) Journal

        > they shouldn't expect to be able to buy or rent the fancy new housing unit, ...and their parents were too

        Bullshit.

        Someone "beginning their career" today would be in their mid 20s. "Their parents" therefore would be between 40 and 50. Let's say 50s, who themselves started their careers in their mid 20s, meaning they were getting out into the world circa 1990s.

        The average new house in 1990 cost about $150,000 (adjusted to 2020 dollars)

        The average new house in 2020 cost about $400,000.

        And if we go back to the 1970s when the boomer generation was entering the workforce, the average new house was about $60,000.

        Housing has gotten crazy expensive, and to say "Oh you shouldn't expect to be able to afford a place to live right away, so just suffer until you succeed" has got to be the second worst take on the problem imaginable. (The worst being to just make homelessness a crime...)
        =Smidge=

      • What's completely missed is that typically when somebody is at the beginning of their career, they shouldn't expect to be able to buy or rent the fancy new housing unit

        Except the issue here isn't that someone at the beginning of their career is expecting this, it's that they have no housing available to them. Someone late career may be interested in the luxury apartment, and leave behind ... an equally expensive house that the beginning career people also can't afford.

        There's simply an oversupply of luxury. Housing is not trickle down economics. Sitting on a house does not cause it's value to degrade like a second hand car.

      • by erice ( 13380 )

        What's completely missed is that typically when somebody is at the beginning of their career, they shouldn't expect to be able to buy or rent the fancy new housing unit, just like they can't necessarily buy every other fancy new item they want.

        If Austin is like the Bay Area, the housing shortage is most acute at the bottom end and not really all that bad at the top. New luxury apartments won't be available for those to those who really need them for 20 years, if ever. (Many luxury apartments have amenities that will never work at low rents). Where are the middle and low income people going to live in the mean time?

        • It’s even more insidious than that, many people who are on limited income live in areas that have experienced quite a bit of property growth and what was once 60k in 1950 is now 1.6M with 17k/year property taxes. They get forced to move out of their lifelong homes or give the house over to the bank in a reverse mortgage. I’m pretty sure most of those people would trade most of the gain for substantially lower taxes, after all much of the “wealth” built actually goes out the door in
          • by grmoc ( 57943 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @03:44PM (#63468050)

            This isn't true in California, because of Prop 13.
            In Cali, the folks who've been there for longer are property rich, and have negative impetus to sell, because if they do so, they may reset the property tax floor.

            This creates a negative feedback loop-- there is less supply, so prices go up, so you're less incented to sell (if you want to keep living there), which decreases supply...

      • Sure you cannot expect to have everything when starting on your own, but there is a very clear difference.
        The age at which people buy a house or an appartment is continuously going up. Down here it is now a bit more than 40 years. My parents, father is a teacher, mother was a house wife, bought their place in their early twenties. Their home was new and shiny, big house, big garden. Worked a while as an engineer, high profile job/customers. My colleagues were able to buy a house at their 40's, no housewife
    • by ranton ( 36917 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @12:37PM (#63467476)

      Apartments are similar. Yes, you can fit more smaller apartments in the same space, but it's nothing compared to the higher rent you can charge for bigger apartments.

      Even creating more luxury apartments will help significantly because they are far more dense than detached homes. Most new buildings are not going to be affordable when new, but today's new buildings become the affordable homes of future generations. I don't think we need to be too concerned with new housing be affordable for average residents, we just need to build more in general. If there are enough new homes for the upper middle class to move into, then the middle class can move into the older homes which then hit the market.

      • by Firethorn ( 177587 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @02:57PM (#63467948) Homepage Journal

        I think you hit on a critical point - most new buildings are not going to be affordable when new.

        First - most new housing being "luxury" is par for the course, it's basically advertising fluff. It's new, so of course it's luxury.
        Next - Look at the car market. Poor people get used cars, not new cars, most of the time.

        As for YIMBY and "cities keep building luxury apartments almost no one can afford" - well, everything I've read says that cities are dealing with enormous shortfalls of housing. It's going to take time for market corrections to take place and rents to trickle down from the new builds.

        So you're right - if there are enough homes for the rich to move into, the upper middle class can move into where the rich used to be, when there's enough homes for the upper middle class, the middle class can move into where the upper types were, etc...

        For that matter, once there's enough quality housing for the upper types, then the housing developers will start building cheaper housing, seeing the glut.

        It's just going to take a long while.

    • by Altus ( 1034 )

      Only if people will buy them. I just saw a 9000 sq foot monstrosity go up in a neighborhood that has 2000 sq foot average homes, topping out around 3000. Big family homes in a family community. this developer bought a plot of land and absolutely filled it with this huge house because on paper that will be worth several million dollars, but its not clear if it will sell for that because the size and amenities don't really fit with the community and the types of families that tend to move to that area.

      I'm

    • Re: (Score:3, Insightful)

      by geekmux ( 1040042 )

      Developers do not want to build them. They can build a house twice the size for more than twice the profit.

      Apartments are similar. Yes, you can fit more smaller apartments in the same space, but it's nothing compared to the higher rent you can charge for bigger apartments.

      And if that theory were actually valid across the standard curve of income, then every home would be 5000SF+, cost 2 million or more, and we'd all be driving around in $100K luxury cars.

      The entire point being made here is profit hardly matters when unrelenting greed alienates your product from the very consumer base it was intended for. Those aren't "developers". They're greedy parasites contributing to a problem. The only thing all that "profit" will guarantee, is an inevitable market crash.

      Not that Gre

      • It may not be enough to crash the market again. It could just stretch people's debt to the brink but not too far that the economy breaks.

        I do wonder what would happen if there were zoning restrictions in specific areas on property sizes / building cost limits that scale with inflation. Someone would be able to build and make a profit even if it's somebody else.

        • It may not be enough to crash the market again. It could just stretch people's debt to the brink but not too far that the economy breaks.

          Out of control housing costs is hardly a localized problem anymore. And we're not talking about a luxury watch or a yacht here. We're talking about the very asset that allows adult humans to move out of their parents bedrooms. To accept job opportunities, start lives, and build families.

          Quite frankly, I could give a shit if Greed doesn't want the market to crash again. It needs to, and everyone knows it. And with bank interest rates continuing to climb adding hundreds more to an obscene monthly cost, th

    • The summary of the article is missing key points - the free market hasn't worked, at least not yet. Possibly not ever, since the free market is not a self balancing system that provides for everyone. Build anything means they've built very expensive high rises that few people can afford and housing prices in Austin are not going down because of it. So yes, they are building lots of apartments, and that's great, but they've been focusing on high end apartments. That is, they're not expensive because they'r

      • This is a problem that has been building up for decades though. It shouldn't be surprising that a few years of countering policy wouldn't be enough to completely solve the problem.

        As long as they're able to sell and get those "very expensive high rises" occupied, they're doing their job.

        Also, with inflation the way it is, "rent" is actually very unlikely to actually decrease unless you adjust for inflation.

        The result, predictably, is not making housing more affordable for those with less money.

        You might ne

    • Developers do not want to build them. They can build a house twice the size for more than twice the profit.

      Apartments are similar. Yes, you can fit more smaller apartments in the same space, but it's nothing compared to the higher rent you can charge for bigger apartments.

      If housing is so short premium stuff is still in demand, you still have zoning and government fat finger problems.

      "We need 100,000 units!"

      "Ok, approve 2000. Hey, why are you building rich people housing?"

      Go figure.

  • by Inglix the Mad ( 576601 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @12:11PM (#63467398)
    Look at "Billionaire's Row" in New York. Those, and other high-end luxury apartments, exist for the wealthy for a very specific purpose: They allow them to use business (or other) entities to buy property as a way to manage wealth and tax obligations.

    You'll get a few people that live in ultra luxury apartments they purchase, most of them part-time, but that's a rarity. The brutal reality is that most are a form of wealth management, not for people to actually use as a home. Not even as a 2nd, 3rd, 5th, or 10th home. Most don't even use their own "luxury apartment" when they are in the same city.
    • Re: (Score:2, Insightful)

      This is the absolute crux, the pith, of the matter. Rich people have turned housing into another commodity that they buy, hold and trade for profit. In the process, they have driven prices up so dramatically that no one can afford it. This has no impact on them because they are simply holding property until the next moneyed interest will buys for the purpose of parking their wealth for a while. It's a ponzi scheme like cryptocurrency, except it's creating homelessness instead of pollution.
      • It's a ponzi scheme like cryptocurrency

        Everything you said is correct except this last sentence. Unlike crypto, there's always something intrinsically valuable about real estate, because it actually exists in the real world. It's a physical, tangible asset that you can live in; ergo, unlike crypto, it has some real value. Heck, in this context, the word "real" in real estate comes from the Latin word realis which means existing and true.

    • Look at "Billionaire's Row" in New York. Those, and other high-end luxury apartments, exist for the wealthy for a very specific purpose: They allow them to use business (or other) entities to buy property as a way to manage wealth and tax obligations.

      Comparing "Billionaire's Row" to this problem is like watching someone bitch about the price of a McLaren at the used Kia dealership. Billionaire's row was obviously developed for billionaires. Everyone knows, understands, and expects this. And it certainly validates your corrupt tax loophole point.

      No one expected to find realtors and landlords using the "Billionaires Row" excuse in fucking Austin, Texas. That's the difference here. Most likely the only reason they can even market them as "luxury" is b

      • by Inglix the Mad ( 576601 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @02:42PM (#63467896)
        Many of the apartments near "Billionaire's Row" are ridiculously expensive, but nowhere near the ultra luxury towers. They still exist for the same purpose: management of wealth and tax obligations. Also don't take the nickname too literally, it's called that partially for reasons of cachet in sounding ultra-exclusive.

        BishopBerkeley isn't incorrect but he and others like yourself should also note that private equity started buying RV (temporary) and mobile home (permanent) properties years ago. Add in that during the pandemic it didn't take very long for Commercial REITs to be emptied and for private equity to start buying up single family starter houses in all cash offers, sight unseen, no inspection, in many areas. They knew the pandemic was driving a long-term spike into Commercial properties.

        One of my friends bought a home in a mobile home park, and fixed it up herself. This was likely the only way she was ever going to own a home. They were lucky enough to have the older person owning the park retiring. He agreed to sell to a tenant cooperative that exists only to own/maintain the park. They literally dodged a bullet. Less than a 5 years later private equity came knocking. Two other mobile home parks "nearby" (within about 50-75 miles) were bought and rents jacked up in short order.

        That's not including the RV facilities being bought out for similar reasons. Look in RV travel magazines where they talk about spiraling facility costs for little to no improvement.

        Wall Street and private equity today don't care about their mythical place as the "efficient distribution of capital" to drive the economy... they're simply engaging in rent-seeking (literally in many cases) behavior acting as a unaccountable force taxing on the public at large and the economy. Building places people can't afford to live doesn't matter to them, they are seeking actual tenants or people that will use services.
  • Land prices. (Score:5, Interesting)

    by MikeDataLink ( 536925 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @12:13PM (#63467404) Homepage Journal

    Take for example places like Keller (just north of Fort Worth, TX). The cheapest lot to put a house on is $375K. No builder is going to buy a $375K lot and build a $150K house on it. It would never sell. So they have to build a million dollar home to make it worth it.

    • Take for example places like Keller (just north of Fort Worth, TX). The cheapest lot to put a house on is $375K. No builder is going to buy a $375K lot and build a $150K house on it. It would never sell. So they have to build a million dollar home to make it worth it.

      And what exactly makes it worth it to populate a city full of nothing but million-dollar homes ONLY because an absolutely corrupt market has priced the dirt beneath them at 10x what it's actually worth?

      You might grow mansions there. Good luck growing the kind of services millionaires still rely on, around it. I've yet to find the millionaire who will happily pay $50 for that cup of morning espresso so their local barista can afford to live within caffeine-addicted distance.

  • Affordable (Score:3, Informative)

    by groobly ( 6155920 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @12:18PM (#63467420)

    Affordable = high crime, little income for the city, pissed off neighbors, white flight, must be subsidized.

  • When you add supply at ANY quality you increase total supply. When you build "luxury" apartments, the person who can afford it moves out of a "standard" apartment to that new luxury apartment, leaving a more affordable apartment available to be rented. You don't need to build ONLY cheap apartments to lower rents for the lower class. This applies even more when wealth is not distributed evenly because you raise the overall quality of living for EVERYONE when the new construction is for the upper class. Imag
  • The developers, builders, architects, they get paid whether the project succeeds or not.

    Investors write off many failed projects. At least the astute and 'big' ones. Those they bait with promises take it in the teeth. Oh well, bad luck.

  • Of course new construction is going to be desirable, hence more expensive. However, people move out of less-desirable housing to move into the more desirable "luxury" housing. This process is called filtering.

    The alternative is that we build shitty housing. What possible point would there be in building shitty housing, especially when the majority of the construction cost is in the structure itself?

  • I can't read TFA so I don't know if it has more detail.

    I'm not sure I see the issue. So most people can't rent them. The landlord only needs one. Are these units going vacant? And if they are, that's a problem why? Hang out a bit, eventually the landlord will decide they'd rather have a lower rent than no rent at all.

    The summary hinted at this and I wonder if the article digs into more detail. It shouldn't matter if builders build expensive or cheap apartments. Expensive ones will get rented to rich people,

  • by JBMcB ( 73720 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @12:54PM (#63467534)

    Housing is scarce for everyone, so the first things that get built will be for rich people. As the demand for that tapers off, the middle income housing will get built. After that, the low end stuff will get built. It takes a few years. It doesn't get fixed in a year.

    I saw this happen in a ritzy town near me. A bunch of uber-expensive apartment buildings went up within a couple of years of each other. We're talking multi-million dollar, 2000-square-foot-plus custom apartments. The last one was finished about two years ago and still isn't sold out. The next building that went up had cheaper apartments. Currently they are building a large complex a few blocks away from the main drag that will have *much* more affordable apartments.

    • Is this the housing version of tinkle-down economics?

      • No, it's just regular economics. People with more money will pay more for housing. Once that level of housing is full, developers have to build cheaper housing.

        The exception is when the floor for housing construction is artificially kept high due to building requirements and fees. For instance, the city I live in was just busted for overcharging developers for inspection fees and directing the excess to the general fund, which is explicitly forbidden by state law.

  • A huge portion of the problem is real estate investors and speculators. Every person with money will quickly tell you that real estate is the best way to invest...and that's a HUGE reason why property values, rents, and the homeless crisis is out of control. Those inexpensive homes that were intended for lower-middle-class families?...they're being gobbled up by middle-class and upper-middle-class families who can't afford something more appropriate. Many working homeless...not the bums begging for chan
  • In the home of NIMBY via CEQA, California has laws that now let all sorts of zoning be bypassed to build new housing. It's just so expensive to do it that so far not a lot is happening. But it *is* happening. Accessory dwelling units in single-family zones are allowed by right, for instance, including garage conversions (including legalization of older, illegal conversions). Areas within a certain distance from major transit stops can't be single-family zones any more. Developers are starting to use a nucle

  • is a business model.
  • So HAVE rents come down?

  • by sarren1901 ( 5415506 ) on Friday April 21, 2023 @05:30PM (#63468362)

    so long as someone buys. Considering that anyone in the world may buy US real estate, they are probably hoping rich people from other countries will buy the properties if rich Americans aren't willing to.

    The cost to build affordable housing versus the cost to build luxury is probably about the same for the labor and only the extra fancy materials will cost extra. This means they can make a lot more money building luxury then starter homes.

    Considering we still don't have any kind of residency requirements for real estate, this kind of thing will keep happening. I think that's part of the plan and they just don't want to say that part out loud.

What this country needs is a good five cent nickel.

Working...