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The Internet Government

Finland Finds Drag Marks Near Broken Undersea Cable. Russia's 'Shadow Fleet' Suspected (msn.com) 155

Reuters reports: Finnish police said on Sunday they had found tracks that drag on for dozens of kilometres along the bottom of the Baltic Sea where a tanker carrying Russian oil is suspected of breaking a power line and four telecoms cables with its anchor... A break in the 658 megawatt (MW) Estlink 2 power cable between Finland and Estonia occurred at midday on Wednesday, leaving only the 358 MW Estlink 1 linking the two countries, grid operators said. They said Estlink 2 might not be back in service before August.
In an interesting twist, the New York Times reports that the ship "bears all the hallmarks of vessels belonging to Russia's shadow fleet, officials said, and had embarked from a Russian port shortly before the cables were cut." If confirmed, it would be the first known instance of a shadow fleet vessel being used to intentionally sabotage critical infrastructure in Europe — and, officials and experts said, a clear escalation by Russia in its conflict with the West... NATO's general secretary, Mark Rutte, responding to requests from the leaders of Finland and Estonia, both member nations, said the Atlantic alliance would "enhance" its military presence in the Baltic Sea...

Since Russia began assembling its fleet, the number of shadow vessels traversing the oceans has grown by hundreds and now makes up 17 percent of the total global oil tanker fleet... Nearly 70 percent of Russia's oil is being transported by shadow tankers, according to an analysis published in October by the Kyiv School of Economics Institute, a research organization based in Ukraine... The authorities in Finland are still investigating whether the "Eagle S" engaged in a criminal act. But the sheer size of the shadow fleet might have made using some of these vessels for sabotage irresistible to Russia, [said Elisabeth Braw, a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council who has researched and written about shadow fleets]...

While it's still not certain that this week's cable cutting was done intentionally, the Baltic Sea, for a number of reasons, is an ideal arena to carry out sabotage operations. It is relatively shallow and is crisscrossed with essential undersea cables and pipelines that provide energy, as well as internet and phone services, to a number of European countries that are NATO members. Russia has relatively unfettered access to the sea from several ports, and its commercial vessels, protected by international maritime law, can move around international waters largely unmolested... The suspicions that Russia was using shadow vessels for more than just escaping sanctions existed before this week's cable cutting. Last April, the head of Sweden's Navy told a local news outlet that there was evidence such ships were being used to conduct signals intelligence on behalf of Russia and that some fishing vessels had been spotted with antennas and masts not normally seen on commercial vessels. Since the war began, there has also been an uptick in suspicious episodes resulting in damage to critical undersea infrastructure...

Hours after Finland's energy grid operator alerted the police that an undersea power cable was damaged on Wednesday, Finnish officers descended by helicopter to the ship's deck and took over the bridge, preventing the vessel from sailing farther. By Friday, it remained at anchor in the Gulf of Finland, guarded by a Finnish Defense Forces missile boat and a Border Guard patrol vessel.

The cable incident happened just weeks after the EU issued new sanctions targetting Russia's shadow fleet, Euronews reports. "A handful of Chinese companies suspected of enabling Russia's production of drones are also blacklisted as part of the agreement, a diplomat told Euronews." The "shadow fleet" has been accused of deceptive practices, including transmitting falsified data and turning off their transporters to become invisible to satellite systems, and conducting multiple ship-to-ship transfers to conceal the origin of the oil barrels...

Finland Finds Drag Marks Near Broken Undersea Cable. Russia's 'Shadow Fleet' Suspected

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  • by memory_register ( 6248354 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @04:02PM (#65048215)
    If you treat your neighbors like this, they learn not to trade with you and they learn not to trust you. In the same way that Europe is now waking up and has stopped purchasing Russian oil or is in the process of halting their purchases, these efforts only serve to force Europe to alienate Russia, which is already struggling economically.
    • by test321 ( 8891681 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @04:35PM (#65048281)

      While I agree with you, I wanted to add that the problem with this plan is the Russian elite does not care if Russia is poor, as long as they can be rich. They follow Paradise Lost "Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven". Any sanctions are essentially an ethical obligation for Europeans/Americans, but won't bring the Russian leadership to change their plans an inch.

      The rest of the population is living as poor as ever, and has nothing to lose. To the opposite, the wars finally brings them back their lost pride as Russia shows its power and is being feared by its enemies again.

      This isn't the classical wars the European kings and emperors once fought between each other. Putin "isn't an old English gentleman who will be satisfied with a bit more of territory. He is Genghis Khan." And while the opinion (which I quoted) paraphrases an historical opinion about Hitler*, the comparison of Putin and Khan is something the Russians are happy with https://www.asianews.it/news-e... [asianews.it] https://www.wsj.com/articles/r... [wsj.com] https://www.csmonitor.com/Worl... [csmonitor.com]

      * I believe, given by a European ambassador on the leave from Berlin at the beginning of the war; according to Julian T. Jackson 'France on Trial: The Case of Marshal Pétain'

      • ... the Russian elite does not care if Russia is poor, as long as they can be rich.

        I'm not sure that's limited to Russia and their elite.

      • he Russian elite does not care if Russia is poor, as long as they can be rich.

        The problem is, those elite are now worried rebuilding those oil refineries, chemical plants, optics, and manufacturing plants will have to be paid out of their pockets. There are several oil refineries which are out of commision and need millions of dollars of repairs. This is on top of the loss of revenue since they're not working. Banking services are grinding to a halt because outside banks won't do business with them for f

        • by jvkjvk ( 102057 )

          Yes, it will cost them, but as long as Putin is alive and coherent the Ukraine War will be continued, and the Russian people will simply take it.

          They seem to enjoy suffering when others are also suffering. They don't care about the dead in Ukraine, or their own dead. 1000 Russians dead a day.

          The elites now seem to have more control of the central bank and can go back to making profits.

          Russia is at a war time economy. If you don't think their are massive profits being made by those elites you are citing you

      • by hdyoung ( 5182939 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @05:21PM (#65048431)
        There’s no problem with the plan. Russia’s economy is hosed. It doesn’t matter if they win or lose in Ukraine. And the Russian elites will certainly stay rich, but the country will be so depopulated and economically poor that they’ll be unable to threaten their neighbors for a full century.

        As far as the Russian people go? Well, the interesting thing about dictatorships this century is that they’re perfectly happy to let the unhappy people leave. Last century, a lot of dictatorships tried to maintain the fiction that “we’re a utopia, and we’ll shoot you if you think otherwise” but nowadays only North Korea takes that approach. More modern dictators realized that it’s actually easier to maintain power if they just quietly let the unhappy people leave. Which is what a million young, educated Russians with young children did when the Ukraine thing started. The people who are left are too weak, poor, sick, apathetic or ignorant to emigrate, mixed in with the large number of Russians who sincerely support Putin.

        Oh, and comparing Putin to Genghis Khan is giving Putin WAAAYYYYY too much credit. IIRC, Genghis Khan used elite, mobile, well-trained people. Basically the special forces of the time. And their tactics were designed to make maximum use of what they had. Putin is coasting on the tech they built last century, plus mass-human-wave attacks using meth’d-up untrained recruits and a small number of mercenaries. That’s about as wasteful and simplistic as a military strategy can get. The birthrate in Russia is cratering - those dead young men wont be replaced anytime soon.

        When the hangover hits, Russia is gonna need a full century to recover. They have well and truly screwed themselves.
        • It doesn’t matter if they win or lose in Ukraine.

          Assuming they only make minor gains. Winning the whole of Ukraine would be a different story; 44 million men and women who demonstrated worthiness, creativity, persistence.

          Putin is coasting on the tech they built last century,

          It seems effective. They are able to fire missiles on regular schedule. OTOH today's news was that Ukraine is scaling down missile strikes due to scarcity of Western-provided missiles.

          those dead young men wont be replaced anytime soon.

          Agreed. The dead+wounded (~1700 /day) according to Ukrainian-provided data ( https://mstdn.social/@noelrepo... [mstdn.social] ) -- perhaps optimistic numbers but several s

          • by Slayer ( 6656 )

            It doesn’t matter if they win or lose in Ukraine.

            Assuming they only make minor gains. Winning the whole of Ukraine would be a different story; 44 million men and women who demonstrated worthiness, creativity, persistence.

            They will capture the land, but not the people, especially not the ones showing "worthiness, creativity, persistence". These will go west and will be welcomed there. Russia will end up with land full of ruins, mostly depopulated spare for a few old and/or silly people. No way to run a place, as can already seen in the parts of Donbass occupied by Russia.

        • Oh, and comparing Putin to Genghis Khan is giving Putin WAAAYYYYY too much credit.

          When Genghis Khan had to deal with the kings of his age, he was exceedingly disgusted by their trappings of finery and luxury. Ghengis Khan lived in a tent. He saw weakness in the luxuries and he was absolutely correct.

      • by ihavesaxwithcollies ( 10441708 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @11:47PM (#65049227)

        the wars finally brings them back their lost pride as Russia shows its power and is being feared by its enemies again.

        I'm curious who exactly is fearful of Russia?

        North Korea? Because they're forced to fight for Russia, no more Russians are jumping up to get killed.

        Ukraine? This russian war machine has been hollowed out and all profit pocketed by oligarchs.

        I'm guessing Europe is? I think that is because raising gas prices and russian immigrants fleeing the oligarch land.
        In the end, Russia is just a 95 year old Freddie Kruger running around trying to scare people and say remember me, while riding around in a wheelchair with a flat tire and a broken axle.
        Sad and hilarious!

        • by shilly ( 142940 )

          We've seen this play out in Syria, where Russia's ability to project power was shown to be very weak indeed once HTS got going. That was a really big deal, because Russia used Syria to stage operations into Africa, and now its ability to project power across Africa is also substantially weakened. And of course, its allies and proxies have all been strategically damaged recently too -- Iran most of all.

          However, it's easier to break things than fix things, and Russia may retain enough power to continue breaki

        • Russia has enough nukes to be worth being afraid of.
    • With oil it doesn't matter all that much because most countries can't magically increase production to shut out another country. What happens is that Europe buys from someone else (at a higher price) and Russia sells (at a lower price) to whoever was previously buying the now unavailable oil that European countries have bought instead. European countries have a more robust economy to absorb that, but Russia has a population more than used to absorbing stupid economic decisions.

      Russia dug its grave decade
    • The grave is dug. They are working on the casket now.
      And we should keep bleeding them via supporting Ukraine and keeping up the embargos.
      While it's ripe (dead), let china take it's share on the East and Ukraina clean up the nukes from the rest of the carcas.
      Then, there finnally be peace on Ukrainian-Chainaise border.

    • and they learn not to trust you

      Trust them? You slept through history class when they discussed Finnish-Russian relations didn't you. The Finnish don't trust Russians as far as they could throw the fattest of them. This incident hasn't changed anything.

    • Or it might actually be a country like the US behind this to discredit Russia. US has been known to do this on more then one occasion. Look at who is benefiting from this, Russia certainly isn't.
    • > .. Europe is now waking up and has stopped purchasing Russian oil ..

      Only since the Russians blew-up their own Pipeline [geopoliticaleconomy.com] ;)

      Russian Oil and Gas Revenues Surge in June – Reuters [themoscowtimes.com]
    • by jvkjvk ( 102057 )

      Oh No! More sanctions on Russia? Whatever will it do, since it is already sanctioned to sh*t?

      Russia has turned to a war time economy. The EU and the rest of Eastern Europe may do well to up their defense spending significantly, as well as support the war in Ukraine to a much larger extent, unless they want to see it come to their doorstep, if not their living room.

    • have you heard of the Winter War? Do you know why the Finns fought for the Nazi's in WWII? Russia has wanted to take Finland for centuries.
  • by MindPrison ( 864299 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @04:07PM (#65048231) Journal

    We will grow much stronger from the sabotages.

    What we do is we practice low energy usage in our homes, we learn to depend less on electricity, oil and gas. And we learn to install solar, batteries, and thus reduce our footprint anyway, and as a bonus we become less dependent on external partners.

    • The usual response to "solar panels and wind don't work when it's cloudy and calm" is that the sun is shining or it's windy somewhere else.

      And this is true. But that means we need the power cables to get the power from somewhere else to here.

      Otherwise, we need a lot more solar and batteries. Which is more expensive than just being able to transfer power from one part of Europe to the other via transmission lines.

      • Without solar and wind, you STILL need a power grid to transfer power around. Don't be like isolationist Texas, instead interconnect those grids for more reliability and flexibility,

    • I believe nations will learn to build nuclear power plants.

      Solar power fails on a seasonal basis because there's higher energy demand in winter than summer. Solar power fails on a daily basis since peak solar power output is at noon but peak electrical demand is at sunrise and sunset. If there's batteries on the grid to even out this disparity in electrical supply and demand then those batteries are available to any electrical source, such as nuclear fission.

      If solar power was going to save Europe from fo

  • Impound it (Score:5, Interesting)

    by quonset ( 4839537 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @04:20PM (#65048243)

    The ship is already trying to evade sanctions, and now it's undertaken sabotage. Impound it, use its oil for your own purposes, and put the captain and crew in jail. Rinse and repeat if this keeps happening.

    Let Russia whine. The more ships they lose the less money they get to fund their war. They're already screaming about sanctions strangling them and Ukraine destroying their oil refineries, make them scream louder.

    • by Luckyo ( 1726890 )

      That has already been done. Customs put the ship into confiscation status, crew is detained and being questioned.

      But the reason it was possible is because action was done very rapidly, and in the section where ship was in our territorial waters. Previous ships made it to international waters before action was taken, and that limits ability of national authorities other than those of a flag nation to act.

      Also this has nothing to do with NATO at this stage, as trolls below are spamming. Vessel crossing territ

  • if they left the transporters on.

  • When we think about how to prevent this, people seem to think about altering / armoring the cables themselves. But what if, instead of making expensive alterations directly to the cables, we turned this around? I'm thinking about something lower-tech (like a heavy chain or thick metal cable), fixed to the seabed - with the specific intent of snagging and holding dragged boat anchors.

    You wouldn't want to do this in a harbor where ships actually are expected to anchor - but different countermeasures could be

    • That IS an expensive alteration of the cable, it IS armoring it.

      And a ship caught on that would cut its anchor loose and move on. A malicious actor could probably manage to drop an anchor between the chain and cable anyway, with fairly inexpensive camera equipment. Or guide the anchor to where they need it with a small submersible drone.

      If there is a state actor intent on destroying your undersea cable, that cable is going to get destroyed.

  • by mamba-mamba ( 445365 ) on Sunday December 29, 2024 @05:11PM (#65048391)

    Finland is fully prepped for war, and getting more ready every day. They are watching the goings on in Ukraine with great interest, stockpiling materials of war, training, practicing. I am pretty sure these preparations will deter Russia from invading Finland (if they were thinking about doing it in the first place).

    But if they do invade, the Finns will be punching way above their weight.

    • If Russia decide to go to war with NATO directly nothing Finland does will have any effect as everyone will be lobbing nukes at each other, Finland is NOT ready for the type of war that would ensue.
      • by quax ( 19371 )

        Putin is not suicidal. He loves to threaten with nukes but at best he'd tried for a tactical nuke in Ukraine.

        If he ever goes there he'll lose China. Xi made very clear how he felt about taking this conflict nuclear.

        This war started conventional and it will end conventional - even if NATO gets involved.

        • If NATO gets involved it is hugely unlikely to end conventionally, it is what is keeping them out of it, if he feels cornered he won't back down, NATO knows this hence no direct intervention. As you say he is not an idiot or suicidal, but if you give him no way out he will take everyone else with him. Hence nothing Finland has done prepares them for war, if anything it puts them in an even worse position.
  • Or for cameras to watch the whole length 24/7? Possibly duplicate/overlap it a bit just to be sure no funny business happens.

    How does wifi do deep under water? Maybe time for an in water network?

    Or have another bot that strings cables to mesh a number of units together. Extra cables for when the main line is cut again, but a vampire tap version could be cool. Just attach it, and it'll find the data line to pass along extra stuff on...

    Obviously I'm not a fiber optics person so have no idea how likely tha

    • How does wifi do deep under water? Maybe time for an in water network?

      Or have another bot that strings cables to mesh a number of units together. Extra cables for when the main line is cut again, but a vampire tap version could be cool. Just attach it, and it'll find the data line to pass along extra stuff on...

      Not well. Remember how wifi has trouble passing through multiple walls in a normal home & rainstorms cause DirectTV to 'fade'?

      Even a small depth of water attenuates high-bandwidth radio signals down to zero very quickly. Sea water is even worse. You can use audio transducers to send soundwave data, but very fussy and also low-bandwidth. Essentially all undersea vehicles are either tethered to a data cabl or fully autonomous. Orbital imaging is good, but ocean surveillence is a very hard problem.

      At

  • If a ship leaving Russina caused this damage (as it appears so) yet more reasons to blocade Russa completly. I do not undrestand why it was not yet imposed?
    Blocade the Baltic and Meds which would leave them only the North Sea and Pacific all rather cold (frozen) in winter? Well maybe Murmansk still does not freeze but still.

  • It should be kind of easy to create even an early warning system as well as evidence on who did what by just listening to acoustics in the sea. I suppose, that those ships will let down their anchor not so long before the cable -- which creates some noise. But then, they will not stop their engine, and instead thrust forward in order to create the damage. Means, when a ship lowers the anchor but does not stop the engine, you could already send your troops...
  • This is a symptom that the infrastructure is extremely vulnerable.
    Undersea power and communications links are vulnerable.and relatively cheap to disrupt.
    So is global shipping by submarines, however there is more of a case of mutually assured destruction in the case of shipping fleets so this is less likely..
    Europe relies on undersea cables, Russia does not.
    Europe relies on a global world order, Russia does not.

    This is a lesson in security and system design.

    Anyone feel like investing in an undersea power li

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