Are Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles the Future of Autos? (go.com) 350
Long-time Slashdot reader schwit1 shared this article from ABC News:
What if your electric vehicle could be refueled in less than 5 minutes? No plug, no outlet required. The range anxiety that's stymied sales of EVs? Forget about it.
Three EVs can meet these demands and allay concerns about owning an emissions-free vehicle. There's just one drawback. You can only find them in California.
Welcome to the world of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). A tiny market that includes Toyota's Mirai, Hyundai's Nexo and Honda Motor's Clarity Fuel Cell, these "plug-less" EVs are the alternative to their battery electric cousins. Drivers can refuel FCEVs at a traditional gasoline station in less than 5 minutes. The 2021 Mirai gets an EPA estimated 402 miles of range on the XLE trim with the Nexo close behind at 380 miles. Neither cold weather nor heated seats deplete the range, another added bonus.
"Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are superior driving machines compared to traditional vehicles," Jackie Birdsall, senior engineer on Toyota's fuel cell team, told ABC News... "When people hear electric they only think battery electric," Birdsall said. "The battery electric vehicle market is pretty saturated. If we want to have sustainability and longevity we need to be diverse...." Birdsall said 2021 Mirai owners will receive $15,000 in free hydrogen, or enough money to cover the first 67,000 miles. It costs about $90 to fill up the car's 5.6 kilogram tank. These giveaways could help change consumers' minds — at least in California — to try an FCEV.
Three EVs can meet these demands and allay concerns about owning an emissions-free vehicle. There's just one drawback. You can only find them in California.
Welcome to the world of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). A tiny market that includes Toyota's Mirai, Hyundai's Nexo and Honda Motor's Clarity Fuel Cell, these "plug-less" EVs are the alternative to their battery electric cousins. Drivers can refuel FCEVs at a traditional gasoline station in less than 5 minutes. The 2021 Mirai gets an EPA estimated 402 miles of range on the XLE trim with the Nexo close behind at 380 miles. Neither cold weather nor heated seats deplete the range, another added bonus.
"Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are superior driving machines compared to traditional vehicles," Jackie Birdsall, senior engineer on Toyota's fuel cell team, told ABC News... "When people hear electric they only think battery electric," Birdsall said. "The battery electric vehicle market is pretty saturated. If we want to have sustainability and longevity we need to be diverse...." Birdsall said 2021 Mirai owners will receive $15,000 in free hydrogen, or enough money to cover the first 67,000 miles. It costs about $90 to fill up the car's 5.6 kilogram tank. These giveaways could help change consumers' minds — at least in California — to try an FCEV.
Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Insightful)
My understanding is that the cost of generating hydrogen is not lower than solar, nor is it cleaner than solar or oil. Like electricity, it does move the pollution elsewhere.
Not to mention, it pretty much means all cars powered by it are high explosive devices.
So, where is the win with hydrogen?
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Interesting)
It’s much lighter than batteries, so you can get a longer range easier. You can use it in heavy transport amd in planes.
The fact that it is explosive doesn’t matter much; hydrogen tanks can be made very strong and hydrogen is so light that it disperses in the air very quickly.
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It’s much lighter than batteries, so you can get a longer range easier. You can use it in heavy transport amd in planes.
The fact that it is explosive doesn’t matter much; hydrogen tanks can be made very strong and hydrogen is so light that it disperses in the air very quickly.
Just curious.... is hydrogen inside of a very strong container lighter than the same "range" worth of hydrogen?
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I suspect the container weighs more than the hydrogen itself. I couldn't find any numbers on how much they typically weight.
But I bet they have less weight than the equivalent kilowatts in batteries.
I'm waiting for the wood-gas vehicles... (Score:5, Funny)
At $90 per fill-up, and gas tank inspections every 6 months, there is no freaking way I'm buying a hydrogen fuel car.
What we really need is reliable wood-gas vehicles. We've got so much excess wood in the world now, we're getting wildfires every summer and PG&E is constantly shutting down electricity to its customers out of fear of sparking another wildfire.
If we could just put all this excess wood to use as fuel in our vehicles, it would solve a ton of problems. And it would be carbon neutral, since the production of wood takes CO2 out of the air. People could even grow their own fuel at home, which would eliminate all the fuel transportation costs/emissions, not to mention the cost of the fuel itself becoming nothing.
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Re: I'm waiting for the wood-gas vehicles... (Score:5, Funny)
Wait till you hear the bio-gas refuelling option: it's crap!
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Informative)
A couple of good vids on the downsides of hydrogen.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?... [youtube.com]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?... [youtube.com]
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Informative)
A conventional compressed gas cylinder weighs about 130 lb. it contains about 6.9 cubic meters of gas.
But they are looking for better.
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/h... [energy.gov]
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:4, Informative)
You suspect right, the container is 90-95% of the total weight. That said, the overall ensemble still has an energy density of about 1600 Wh/kg, which is an order of magnitude above batteries. Cost is about 12 $/kWh (I have seen commercial quotes), which is another order of magnitude lower than the best battery packs today (of course in a complete system you need to factor in the fuel cells too).
Source: Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis [wiley.com], Godula-Jopek, Wiley. Nice book with a lot of cost estimates, which are usually hard to find.
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Hydrogen is fairly difficult to contain at pressure, particularly while trying to keep costs low.
Then, there is that whole problem with no existing infrastructure to create, store or deliver it to the pump.
So, yeah I think that electric has a real leg up on hydrogen, unless you think the fossil fuel industry is going to wave a magic and and its infrastructure all to hydrogen.
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Then, there is that whole problem with no existing infrastructure to create, store or deliver it to the pump.
That's why hydrogen is a non-starter. You need to build out a parallel to the entire current gasoline production, distribution, storage, and sales network.
Or you can upgrade existing electricity capacity and go straight BEV for a fraction of the cost.
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:4, Interesting)
obviously market penetration is low owing to fuel stations being scarce.
The lack of fuel stations is not the only problem. Another issue is cost.
The Toyoda Mirai has a base model price of $58k compared to $37k for a Tesla Model-3, or $31k for a plug-in Prius.
I have an EV. I come home, plug-in in a few seconds, and my car auto-charges at 2 am when rates are lowest. I have zero interest in buying a car that would require me to start going to filling stations again.
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In fact battery EVs are still far higher than equivalent spec and quality ICEs.
EVs are cheaper when you consider the gas savings.
A Telsa Model-3 costs about $10k more than a similar gas car but costs 3 cents per mile to operate versus 10 cents per mile for an ICE. Over the expected 200k mile lifespan of the car, that is a savings of $14,000.
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:4, Informative)
If you have home-generated electricity such as solar, then you can use that to generate the hydrogen. However the book I read wasn't clear on the efficiency against directly charging batteries to store the energy that way.
Piss-poor. Electrolytic production of hydrogen is at best 80% efficient, and that's not in bulk, that's in research projects. But that requires pure water input, for which the cars are competing with humans, agriculture, manufacturing, etc. Just like topsoil-based biofuels are idiotically wrongheaded because they deplete the soil in order to fuel vehicles, electrolytic production of hydrogen for fuel is idiotically wrongheaded because it competes with humans for the limited supplies of drinking water. So most hydrogen is made from steam reformation of natural gas at about 65% efficiency. And electrolytic separation, when done cheaply, is only about 40% efficient.
You typically lose 15% or less efficiency when charging a battery, and you lose 10% or less when using the power. Pure EVs also have bigger batteries than HFCEVs, so they are better at regeneration. The fuel cell is also not 100% efficient — in fact it's piss-poor at only around 60% efficiency. And then, much of the power that comes out of it is (get ready for this) used to charge a battery anyway. The fuel cell is only efficient at temperature and one discharge rate, so they run it within that window and any power not used by the motor[s] directly is stored in a battery, and this is likely to never change. The only way to improve the system's efficiency would be to use an array of fuel cells instead of one big fuel cell, and run as many of them as you needed to produce the output you could actually use. But then you'd increase the system complexity, and thus the cost, and also the likelihood of failure. Total system efficiency is much, much better with a BEV.
The idea that HFCEVs make sense for commuters is a dumb one. Battery tech has advanced to the point that quick charging is almost as fast as hydrogen refueling, the overall efficiency of a BEV is much better and almost certainly always will be, and the BEV system is much simpler than the HFCEV system whether you look at vehicles alone, or the whole network.
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Most of that is incorrect. If you're not the aggressive "how dare you question my opinion type" I'll take the time to clarify.
I'm the aggressive "I looked up these numbers and if you don't have citations for why I'm wrong you can go fuck yourself" type. If you question any of my claims, instead of hand-waving about how I supposedly don't welcome questioning of opinions, why don't you go ahead and question them? I'll provide citations to back them up. But I suspect that if you had a point to make you would have made it already, instead of casting aspersions upon my willingness to be contradicted. What a cheap fucking tactic that wa
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Informative)
The longest range of hydrogen and electric cars on the market today are very close, both of them right around 400 miles per the EPA. Meanwhile, the electric car has the convenience advantage of being chargeable at home, plus there are fast-charging stations popping up everywhere. You can drive coast to coast in an electric car with minimal hassles (relative to a gas car), and you can daily drive it with fewer hassles than a gas car, and you can't really say either of those things about hydrogen cars. I struggle to understand what the selling point is, why anybody would even want one.
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Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Forget emergency. Each car consumes 11kW per hour to charge its battery. Lets say you have two cars and there is no such thing as gas. Thats 23kW/hr during charging. If every house had one of these what do you think is going to happen to the power grid? CA already has rolling blackouts from homes using 8kW loads during the summer.
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Each car consumes 11kW per hour to charge its battery.
On a typical pre-Covid weekday, I drove about 30 miles. My EV uses about 0.3 kwh per mile. So that is 9 kwh total.
My car is set to charge from 2 to 4 am when electricity rates are lowest. I have a 30 amp 220 v plug in my garage.
30 x 220 = 6.6 kw. So my car can recharge in about 90 minutes.
For charging two cars, an obvious solution is to stagger the charging times. But even two cars will pull only 60 amps and my house has a 100 amp feed.
Thats 23kW/hr during charging.
Actually, about half that.
CA already has rolling blackouts from homes using 8kW loads during the summer.
AC use peaks from 2 pm to 7 pm. EVs char
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There are zero natural disasters that require people driving anywhere close to 400 straight miles without stopping.
This is not something I would want to take on faith. Plus nobody said anything about without stopping, but Stopping to charge isn’t the same as stopping to get gas, it takes an hour at least. Simply trusting that there is adequate infrastructure for more than 100,000 residents to flee an area, and have adequate fast charging stations for a large percentage of them at convenient points seems foolhardy. Add that to the complication that California’s answer to preventing fires is to cut electri
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:4, Insightful)
Nowhere near as foolhardy as believing that there's currently an ability to evacuate 100,000 people in a short time with private gasoline vehicles. What happens every time we try anything remotely approaching that is everybody gets stranded in a never-ending traffic jam and runs out of fuel. Many can expect to die in their stationary cars as they did in Paradise when evacuating a tenth as many people just a few miles. At least the ones in electric vehicles won't be running out gas while idling.
Seriously, do you believe there are 400 mile forest fires? When there's a fire to evacuate from, you drive maybe 10 or 20 miles at most.
The solution to such a massive evacuation, if you want people to get out in time, can only be buses. A large percentage of people are going to need them anyway because they don't drive, and if you can somehow keep the cars off the road then the buses are dense enough to have a chance of getting out in time. So if you really care about this absurdly unlikely evacuation scenario, push for an emergency kill switch to disable private vehicles in a disaster?
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Interesting)
Can I drive 350 miles and then stop for only 10 minutes before driving another 350 miles?
No, but in some newer EVs you can charge to 320 miles in 20 minutes.
Meanwhile, for all your driving around town, you will spend no time recharging because it happens at home while you are watching TV or sleeping.
The bottom line is that an average owner will spend much less total time charging an EV than refueling an ICE.
If you are really part of the tiny percentage that needs to regularly drive long distances and don't like to take breaks, then there is a simple and obvious solution: Don't buy an EV. They aren't for everyone. But for 95% of people, they can work well and are more convenient overall than gas cars.
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Check out Nio EVs, they do battery swaps in under 10 mins.
Since modern EVs can do an 80% recharge in 20 minutes, battery swapping is a solution to a problem that mostly doesn't exist.
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Can I drive 350 miles and then stop for only 10 minutes before driving another 350 miles?
Is this something you do? Why do you put yourself and other people at such high risk? I mean the speed limit is 70mph so if you're driving more than 140miles without taking a 15min break you're frankly recklessly endangering your own life and the lives of those around you. In those 15min you can get most of that charge back.
If EV kills this stupid idea of driving 350miles or even 200miles without taking a decent break then so be it. The world should be forced to share a road with reckless people who don't u
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So, just for fun I plugged Ft. Lauderdale FL and Asheville NC into Google Maps, and it coughed up a 768 mile route. That's substantially more than I have ever driven in one day, and quite a bit more than I would ever like to drive in one day in any car: gasoline, diesel or electric. Not saying I couldn't make it, but that's definitely not a normal jaunt. Most people do not shop cars based on their suitability to do this.
If charging an electric car adds any time at all to your trip, then you can play this
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Fuel cells work even better than a simple compressed tank.
Re:Cost of Hydrogen (Score:5, Insightful)
I remembering write how great it sounded in 1986 (Score:2)
> As a concept a hydrogen fuel cell sounds great. But it is a pipe dream
Yep. I remember writing about the beauty of hydrogen in 1986 - the exhaust is just water. Well theoretically. The exhaust from gasoline is theoretically clean too, actual emissions include all kinds of things because a car engine firing 100,000 explosions per minute is different from a laboratory flame.
In *theory* hydrogen has some really cool properties. That's why people have been trying to solve the huge practical problems with
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I guess I should say, there is one way to solve most of the problems with hydrogen. You can combine the hydrogen into a molecule with another element to make a liquid. It's then easily transported, stored in tanks, etc. Specifically, you combine the hydrogen with carbon. Then you have an excellent fuel, a hydrocarbon. Only problem is what happens to the carbon when the fuel is used.
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Not to mention, it pretty much means all cars powered by it are high explosive devices.
Not necessarily high explosive but yes they are costlier. Part of the cost is the infrastructure required to build a supply chain for hydrogen. The one segment of the market that could be converted are mass transit like buses or fleet vehicles like taxis. Basically anywhere today where CNG is viable, hydrogen could be used.
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Hydrogen is far safer than gasoline. Hydrogen vents in a very small cone straight up. Ever very large leaks are dramatic, but usually not fatal. A large tank blew up in Wilmington California at a refinery back in the 80s. I felt the pressure wave in Huntington Beach 20 miles away. No one was even significantly injured.
Gasoline vaporizes and pools, and then explodes. It stays around burning. Hydrogen, if lit just vents upwards.
An then you have the issue of leaks and ground pollution. Gasoline leaked
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
IMO it's pointless to bother with hydrogen for that reason alone. Electricity already has a very well established supply chain. We've also already proven that it's economical and practical. The charge time continues to improve, and the means of storing electricity is free to change as the technology advances, without having to change the infrastructure itself. You could in theory even have a closed unit that electrolyzes water into hydrogen and oxygen to "charge" the vehicle, and combusts it back into water
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Bleh, meant redox rather than combustion
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You obviously never take vacations. How the fuck do you plan to take a trip to the grand canyon in an electric vehicle only able to drive 4 hours a day. Electricity is a failed solution for vehicles because people like you also shit on the idea of replaceable power packs.
The same way I take a vacation now without cramming the family into our small commuter car for a 12 hour drive: Rent a minivan or other suitable car.
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It's better to combine hydrogen with carbon to make synthetic methane. We have the infrastructure already to store and transport it with ease.
Of course we do not have a practical methane fuel-cell yet (hydrogen ones are not that great!), so you will need to use hot combustion. Maybe a stirling engine, or burn the methane in a cylindrical chamber, with a piston at one end, which could be mechanically linked to the wheels. Additionally, this method allows use of far cheaper, less-pure, natural methane. Or heavier hydrocarbons which are safer, easier to store, and can be synthesised from bio-fuel.
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Or just use a regular engine... plenty of cars in eastern europe run off cng, which is methane.
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Of course we do not have a practical methane fuel-cell yet (hydrogen ones are not that great!)
Well, there are fuel cells for a variety of hydrocarbons, up to and including propane, methanol, and similar. Prior to StarLink, I was looking at building a couple of mountaintop repeaters to get fast internet to a couple of remote sites, and what we were looking at was primary solar power, with propane fuel cells as the backup for when the solar panels get buried in snow.
That said, the fuel cells tend to work by using a hot catalyst to reform the propane back into hydrogen and similar volatiles, and using
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Most of the hydrogen we have is produced from hydrocarbons.
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Adding carbon is not going to go well with the carbon footprint types. But you really need to read up on fuel cell technology because they dont have to burn the catalyst in order to get the hydrogen out.
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It might be. But if the solar power is diverted from feeding the grid to making hydrogen from water, and the effect is that more fossil fuels are used to make up the displaced solar power, then it's not green.
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If you get a pressure failure of the tank you will be dead. Pressure vessels do not fail gracefully. If the best case you'll be riding a rocket. There was a myth- busters episode on the failure of the valve on a compressed air tank. The tank went through the wall.
Hydrogen is a storage medium (Score:2)
My understanding is that the cost of generating hydrogen is not lower than solar,
Solar is an energy source. Hydrogen is an energy storage medium. You can't really compare the cost of the two. Hydrogen can be made from solar.
nor is it cleaner than solar or oil. Like electricity, it does move the pollution elsewhere.
If hydrogen is made from solar energy-- by, say, electrolysis-- it is exactly as clean as solar, because it is solar, just stored in the form of hydrogen.
(most hydrogen today is not made by electrolysis, though; it's made by stripping hydrogen atoms off of natural gas. Because natural gas is dirt cheap.)
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One of the main inconveniences of electric motors with batteries vs internal combustion motors with a combustible fuel, is you can't 'refuel' your electric car within a couple of minutes and then continue on driving for hundreds of kilometers/miles until you have to refuel again for a couple of minutes.
Refueling a hydrogen po
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When my EV isn’t big enough for a job... I rent a car that is suitable for the task at hand. I
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Hydrogen needs to be thought of as a battery in this case. Energy is stored in the form of free hydrogen in order to burn in a vehicle. As far as explosive, when Internal Combustion Engines were entering the market they made the same claims. There was fierce challenges by steam driven cars claiming that ICE would explode on you. Hydrogen is simply a fluid that gives you range, refueling times, and infrastructure that rivals gasoline without the greenhouse gasses of automobiles. Even hydrogen produced by fos
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Hydrogen cars offer the best selection of the worst downsides: EV up-front costs, ICE fueling costs, ICE fuel sourcing and environmental problems (since practically all hydrogen is currently produced as a fossil fuel byproduct - for now, it's practically a fossil fuel), plus a uniquely dangerous fuel source - it must be stored under extremely high pressure to get a practical energy density, burns with nearly invisible fire, escapes through solids, and will embrittle steel on the way out.
The only reason this [desmogblog.com]
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
Faster refueling/recharge which translates to longer miles traveled per day on big trips. The cost of converting an existing ICE to hydrogen is only a couple thousand while there really is no conversion available for existing vehicles. Not everyone has a home let along a garage in their home. Many with homes might have a car port or detached garage, but more people park in lots or driveways. This makes charging at home impossible. People cant even have inflatable christmas decorations because some fucking
Re: Cost of Hydrogen (Score:2)
1. Hydrogen vehicles have lithium batteries
2. The fuel cells have limited lifespan
There are no indication that hydrogen fuel cell cars would have longer lifespan than battery electric cars.
TLDR; The answer is, âoeNo, they are not the (Score:5, Insightful)
Hydrogen is energy intensive to make.
The vehicles have terrible acceleration.
Hydrogen gas tanks must be inspected every six months.
Fuel cells are expensive.
There is no fueling infrastructure.
EVs are superior in nearly every measure such as manufacturability, safety, reliability, interior space, existing charging infrastructure, and efficiency.
Re:TLDR; The answer is, âoeNo, they are not t (Score:5, Interesting)
The end-to-end efficiency of hydrogen cars (25-35%) it terrible compared to battery electric (70-90%).
https://insideevs.com/news/406... [insideevs.com]
Home charging needs to become ubiquitous. Once people are use to it they won't want to go to a gas station or equivalent unless they have to, like on long trips.
Ammonia is a better choice (Score:2)
Much easier to store, and about as (in)efficient as hydrogen.
But best start by making ammonia for fertilizer using non-carbon sources.
For the time being just use petrol. All these other technologies use electricity produced by burning coal (or possibly gas). Until we get to mainly non-carbon power electric vehicles in any form are just money wasted that would be better spent on producing more non-carbon electricity.
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Home charging needs to become ubiquitous. Once people are use to it they won't want to go to a gas station or equivalent unless they have to, like on long trips.
sadly this isn't going to happen. a friend had a pair of 2nd-hand Renault EVs (bought because the batteries were old and the newer models had a 200 mile range). plugging them into the house supply tripped a *SIXTY* amp breaker not just once, not twice, but MULTIPLE times throughout the day.
consequently the vehicles were an absolute liability. they could not be relied on to be charged up in the morning because overnight the breaker tripped.
now think of whether the National Grid is capable of coping with t
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Your friend's story sounds totally implausible. A Renault Zoe uses a very clever charger that can draw from 3kW up to 43kW in AC power, with electronics figuring out how much is safe to draw. I've never heard of *any* Zoe ever tripping a 60A fuse, and I've been a member of an owner's club for 5 years and have had 3 myself, and always charged at home.
In addition, the National Grid have themselves done the analysis and are very confident that they can cope with the upsurge in demand.
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Hydrogen is energy intensive to make.
you may be interested to know that i've an acquaintance who developed the electrolysis units that went into Pepsi fleets. using KOH auto-catalysis, and 2V @ 350 W, they're getting an HO mix at the rate of 1 Litre of gas per hour. if you do the numbers on that, it's significantly less than the current costs.
OK.. (Score:2)
I am not against it .. but, at what pressure is the hydrogen stored? How does the tank handle accidents/punctures? Is it more efficient energy-wise to produce hydrogen than to charge a lithium ion battery?
Can't decide without knowing those basic facts.
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In a conventional steel tank, 2200 psi. In the high-tech carbon fiber wound filament tank, 350 bar, or about 5000 psi.
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/h... [energy.gov]
Mirai is ugly (Score:2)
OK, I base my car buying decision first on autonomous features (Tesla wins), followed by energy efficiency (Tesla wins), followed by interior looks/UI (Tesla wins), and finally exterior looks (Tesla wins).
The Mirai is a zero on sensor coverage and autonomous accident avoidance features. .. not inspiring at all. And you can't watch a movie in it.
The Mirai is a zero on internal looks
The Mirai is UGLY because of that damn front grille. It is frigging ugly, it is slap-the baby-momma ugly. Damn that grille is ug
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To be fair, the EV market does have entrants from KIA and Nissan that are about half the price of Tesla (and probable less than half the value) to fill the mid range price slot.
They all have advantages over the H2 car
Only one drawback? (Score:5, Interesting)
It's not just the cars that you can only find in CA: it's also the fuelling stations. In fact, the fuelling stations don't even cover all of California.
Then, there is the limited life with some components requiring mandatory replacement at 15 years. Then, there is the expense: once you are past the free hydrogen period that the manufacturers typically include, hydrogen becomes an expensive fuel.
Finally, why bother? Hydrogen fuelled cars are not green: most hydrogen comes from steam reformation of fossil fuels, producing CO2 in the process. Battery EVs are not totally green either, but depend on how green the grid is. Because of their better efficiency Battery EVs are greener than Hydrogen FCEVs in most of the USA.
No. (Score:5, Informative)
By the time fuel cells catch up to present day battery electric vehicles, battery tech would have advanced even more. Hydrogen refueling is not like you filling 15 gallons of gasoline in two minutes out of a simple nozzle. These pressurized hydrogen hoses, with cryogenic coolling takes much longer. And the dispensing tank takes several more minutes before it can accept another car. Its capacity is one car every 30 minutes.
Hydrogen infrastructure costs money. Battery car charging infrastructure is basically an outlet in your garage wall. The simple 120 V 20 amp outlet you plug your toaster into has the capacity to dispense 30,000 miles a year. With 10 hours charging overnight on average it can easily give you 12,000 miles a year.
All the commercial hydrogen available today comes from fossil fuels. All this talk about hydrogen is desperate attempts by the dying fossil fuel industry to somehow get some government cash to develop R&D. Plain PR spin by them that is all.
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Distributed generation of storage is going to be the norm for electricity. Hydrogen transportation will be dumped unceremoniously by the fossil fuel hawkers once governments stop funding the R&D.
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That said, if you add PV and a 13kWh battery to your home, you do so much more to mitigate the stress on the grid that it is a non-issue. Large modern apartment complexes will need more significant effort— especially if they don’t have a few extra parking sp
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By the time EV usage gets that high, other things will happen. Lot of automotive batteries with 8 year 125K mile warranty will come off automobile service and get a second life as home energy storage devices. Lower rate max current draw, some inefficiency, some lower capacity, but as a powerwall perfectly ok.
Home energy storage will be there, already batteries are stabilizing the duck curve of the grid ( peak a/c load betwee
TL;DR No, they aren't. (Score:3, Interesting)
To make hydrogen cars useful you need to:
* Build refuelling stations at a cost of a couple of million each (double if you want the electrolysis onsite)
* Build them *everywhere* that they need to go – both in the suburbs where people live *and* the long distance routes.
Compare this to electric, where the density of public chargers within a city can be a lot lower due to home charging being predominant, and the ability to use any source of electricity in any location. And when you do install a fast charger, it's a fraction of the cost – tens of thousands for a single unit or hundreds of thousands for a higher end site with multiple ultra-rapid units.
Fast charging infrastructure is the difference between fast and slow travel in an EV; hydrogen infrastructure is the difference between possible and impossible travel.
So with hydrogen:
* The cars cost more
* The fuel cost more
* More filling stations are required
* The filling stations are more expensive to build
* You can't self generate your fuel at home
The only upside talked about is refuelling speed, and even then people seem unaware that after every refuel the hydrogen dispenser needs to re-pressurise which takes 20 minutes. There's no advantage. Everything about hydrogen cars is money wasted, and while people can spend money on whatever they want, often it's taxpayers money being wasted. People get in the ear of governments and convince them to flush money down the toilet.
[I should include: hydrogen has a lot of excellent uses, including other transport – but for cars it's a waste of time]
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Yes (Score:2)
Real Engineering did a great video on this about a year ago. If certain technical and logistic issues can be overcome hydrogen will be the power source that replaces oil/gasoline.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?... [youtube.com]
Physics fail (Score:2)
Heated seats don't deplete your range?
No! So can we shut up about HFCVs now please? (Score:2)
Of course the HFCV fan boys are going to go "ra ra Toyota is the best company in the world
Why are you so worried about words? (Score:2)
If EVs are superior, they'll win in the court of public opinion. If another tech turns out to be superior, then EVs won't win.
I'd just as soon see the automakers trying lots of different things - that's how tech advances.
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> Likewise I am a BEV fan boy but I'm quite happy to let the market prove I'm right. I don't see the need for subsidies on BEVs or bans on ICEVs as on current trends BEVs will do fine as the prices continue to fall
I'm inclined to agree that they'll do just fine on their own merits, eventually. However, we've got a serious environmental CO2 problem on our hands, and are already way behind schedule getting off of fossil fuels fast enough to avoid major problems. So I think as a society we do have a veste
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I never meant the car takes 10 seconds to charge, it meant it takes me 10 seconds to charge it. The problem with the ICEV and HFCV crowd is they can not get their head around the idea that you charge where you park, you do not park where you charge. It is not intuitive idea so most people do not get it until they have lived it. Also the idea you need to fully cha
I was an early advocate for PEM fuel cells (Score:2)
In any case it's been under development for a long, long time. If it was practical -- which, sadly, it's not -- we'd have fuel cell powered vehicles all over already. There are not only problems with the production and storage of hydrogen, and hydrogen tanks in vehicles, but the proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are far from maintenance-free, and not cheap to maintain as well.
Last t
Not at any gas station I have seen. (Score:2)
Erm, whut? Even nikola's Trevor Milton never claimed anything that stupid.
There’s a better alternative, a Prius (Score:2)
Let’s not consider the price of the Mirai vs a Prius for now, only cost per mile. Prius is about 50 mpg combined at $2.70/gal in SoCal at Costco that’s $0.054 per mile. The Mirai given is the article is $0.223 per mile. Average American drives 13,500 miles a year and average car on the road is 11.9 years old, that’s 160k miles that the average car has driven. For the Prius, fueling would cost $8,640 over 160k miles. The Mirai even with the $15,000 in “free” fuel would cost $22k
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Prices do change. The newest stations in California are $13.15/kg and the 2021 Miria gets 73 MPGe putting the cost per mile at $0.18. The station was subsidized, but the fuel is not. If the driver were not getting free fuel, the cost at the stations would be a lot lower.
Using electrolysis, the cost to produce H2 can drop as low as $4/kg, although $8/kg is more likely. At $8/kg, parity with gasoline is pretty close.
And this ignores the lower maintenance vs an ICE. A FC car is an electric car. Regen brak
$90 to go 400 miles? (Score:2)
That ain't cheap. How can that compete with EVs or gasoline? Another rich person's toy.
Cognitive dissonance everywhere (Score:2)
We can pass over this little gem:
The range anxiety that's stymied sales of EVs?
Tesla sales is limited by supply and manufacturing capacity, not demand. This statement is not based on fact.
But how do you go from talking about range anxiety to:
You can only find them in California.
To assert that a hydrogen car is BETTER in this category? I can drive my Y pretty much anywhere in North America. If I had a hydrogen car I can only drive in parts of California. Mr. Spock please explain.
Last year the hydrogen plant in San Jose blew up. I saw it from Fremont where I live. After that I
No. (Score:2)
No. They are not.
Idiots (Score:2)
How is it that literally nobody mentions energy density and specific energy?
Fact is, carbon bonds are king. Hydrogen bonds are meh at best.
There is a reason hydrocarbon chains are so popular for energy storage.
If we ever manage to efficiently create carbon chains from solar (or electrical) energy, and sequester the resulting CO2 when we extract the stored energy, hydrogen cells will be even more useless.
hydrogen fuel cell catalyst costs (Score:2)
my understanding of fuel cells, from 10 years ago, is as follows:
* the pressurisation takes 90 seconds, requires 100% power to be drawn. if this is not possible the cell must for safety reasons be de-pressurised immediately.
* the catalysts required are (were) platinum. the cost is USD 1,500 per kW of electricity.
* hydrogen is extremely dangerous, burning explosively at the right stoichiometic ratio. you've seen the mythbusters episode. leaks in the hydrogen supply are far more dangerous than natural gas
Zero Chance (Score:2)
The H2 will be more expensive than buying electricity directly.
Each fuel station, not location, but station, is more expensive than any 10 250+KW fast chargers.
And then finally, we have already seen how these stations work. Explosion anybody?
Hydrogen could be the future, but it won't be (Score:2)
Hydrogen fuel-cell cars are 100% technically viable and could be made to work... but at this point, electric cars have such a large head-start, and so much more money being thrown into improving them, that it's unlikely that fuel cells will ever catch up to the point where they can become competitive.
E.g. in 5 years fuel-cell cars will be better than they are now; but in 5 years battery-powered cars will be much better than that, so it won't make much difference. It seems that the market has spoken.
Range anxiety (Score:3)
How does this eliminate range anxiety? A hydrogen powered cars can ONLY be refueled at a hydrogen station. A BEV can be refueled (albeit slowly) anywhere there is electricity, which is pretty much everywhere. A portable generator would even do if needed.
It may be possible to do V2V fueling of hydrogen cars (it is also possible in theory to do V2V fueling of BEVs) but that is not currently the case.
Do we even need to talk about $90 for 400 miles? A gas vehicle can do 400 miles for $40 of gas (30MPG / $3 gallon) and a BEV can do 400 miles for $15 (4 miles per kwh / $0.15 per kwh).
How many cars per hour can a hydrogen station actually fill?
I am just not seeing it.
Fuel Costs? (Score:3)
From the summary, a fuel cell can go approximately 400 miles and costs $90. I have an older gas van which can go 400 miles on a tank of gas and it costs less than $45 to fill up. Are good feelings about helping the environment worth doubling my fuel costs? For what it's worth, I like the idea of swapping out the battery or fuel cell instead of recharging because people don't want to spend an hour (or longer) charging (except overnight).
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Does it really matter if they can generate hydrogen more efficiently than electricity? Electricity is a dirt cheap way to power a car, just think of a hydrogen fuel cell as a different kind of battery.
Sounds like practical electrolysis of water reaches around 80% energy efficiency (though thermal efficiencies means that part of the energy can be provided as heat rather than electricity). Throwing away 20% of your charging power isn't exactly ideal, but it's nowhere near the appalling inefficiency of an IC
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Natural gas is slightly lighter than air. It will dissipate into the atmosphere faster than gasoline, since it doesn't have to evaporate. But in an enclosed area you can get a dangerously-explosive concentration of natural gas.
Hydrogen is way lighter than air, so it should dissipate very quickly from places like tunnels and parking structures if the a tank does leak.
If you watch the Hindenburg exploding, you'll notice the hydrogen fireball is not all that intense, and shoots up extremely quickly. The oth
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