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Transportation Power

Electric Vehicles Close To 'Tipping Point' of Mass Adoption (theguardian.com) 356

An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Guardian: Electric vehicles are close to the "tipping point" of rapid mass adoption thanks to the plummeting cost of batteries, experts say. Global sales rose 43% in 2020, but even faster growth is anticipated when continuing falls in battery prices bring the price of electric cars dipping below that of equivalent petrol and diesel models, even without subsidies. The latest analyses forecast that to happen some time between 2023 and 2025.

The tipping point has already been passed in Norway, where tax breaks mean electric cars are cheaper. The market share of battery-powered cars soared to 54% in 2020 in the Nordic country, compared with less than 5% in most European nations. Prof Tim Lenton, at the University of Exeter, said: "There's been a tipping point in one country, Norway, and that's thanks to some clever and progressive tax incentives. Then consumers voted with their wallets."

Data from Lenton's latest study showed that in 2019, electric vehicles in Norway were 0.3% cheaper and had 48% market share. In the UK, where electric cars were 1.3% more expensive, market share was just 1.6%. Once the line of price parity was crossed, Lenton said, "bang -- sales go up. We were really struck by how non-linear the effect seems to be." BloombergNEF's analysis predicts lithium-ion battery costs will fall to the extent that electric cars will match the price of petrol and diesel cars by 2023, while Lenton suggests 2024-2025. McKinsey's Global Energy Perspective 2021, published on January 15, forecasts that "electric vehicles are likely to become the most economic choice in the next five years in many parts of the world."

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Electric Vehicles Close To 'Tipping Point' of Mass Adoption

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  • by gosso920 ( 6330142 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @08:16AM (#60981814)
    Just like "The Year of Linux on the Desktop"
    • Re:Tipping point (Score:4, Informative)

      by Arthur, KBE ( 6444066 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @08:20AM (#60981828)
      It's 2.2% of vehicle sales in the US. If you're in Norway, I guess that point has been tipped.

      YMMV.
      • Re:Tipping point (Score:5, Insightful)

        by Joce640k ( 829181 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @09:49AM (#60982048) Homepage

        I'm guessing adoption is more exponential than linear.

        As more people are exposed to electric cars through their friends and word of mouth, the more electric cars they're going to buy.

        Two percent might not sound much but remember that a lily that doubles its size every day will only take six days to go from covering 2.2% of the pond to covering 100% of it.

        • As more people are exposed to electric cars through their friends and word of mouth, the more electric cars they're going to buy.

          A friend of mine did show me the Chevy Bolt he bought. Based on my impression of the ride and build quality, it seemed like he got $20k worth of car, and $20k worth of batteries.

          I'm not really sure what the value proposition is supposed to be with these things, unless you do an absolute shitload of driving, or really feel some deep moral obligation to own a vehicle that doesn't burn gas. My current car gets 31 city / 39 highway MPG, and the $40k a Bolt costs could buy a lot of gas.

        • Re:Tipping point (Score:5, Interesting)

          by skullandbones99 ( 3478115 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @10:27AM (#60982154)

          Adoption of new technologies follow an S curve.

          1st phase: Early adoption is exponential as demand is higher than supply. The curve follows how fast the manufacturer can ramp up production.
          2nd phase: Mass market transition is linear as supply is increasing at a rate to match the demand.
          3rd phase: Market saturation, the curve slowly tends towards 100% as nearly everybody has the technology.

          You can see S curves in all roll-outs of new technology. Such as the transition from horse and cart, to the automobile. The transition time varies per technology but 10 to 20 years is a ball-park figure for going form 0% to 100%.

          BEVs are starting to reach the mass market tipping point because:
          1. Governments have set ban dates for the sale of conventional fossil fuelled cars.
          2. Buyers are evaluating whether buying a new BEV is suitable for them.
          3. Buyers are delaying the purchase of a car, instead waiting for a suitable BEV to become available.

          Consequently:
          1. The sales numbers of new conventional fossil fuelled cars are depressed. Mainly people say this is due to COVID-19 but BEV sales are an increasing factor at play as well.
          2. The top selling vehicles are BEVs in a number of countries such as the Tesla Model 3 in December in the UK.

          Production rate of BEVs is increasing:
          1. Tesla is completing at least 2 new factories this year.
          2. Tesla could reach a production rate of 1 million BEVs in 2023. Current rate is 500 thousand BEVs per year.

          The BEV future is coming faster than people expect.

      • Yeah, Norway shows that if you tax the hell out of gasoline cars and give incentives for electric ones, you can artificially increase demand for them. I'd imagine that the Biden administration will do something similar, although at a smaller scale.

        That said, we really need nationwide charging infrastructure for mass adoption of electric cars to become practical. Adding a couple of electric car chargers at your local shopping center is good "green" PR for now, but you're going to need dozens of them at every

      • Well, Norway is, by most of the metrics that matter, in the top 2-3 richest countries in the world by population income (typically competing with Luxembourg). If a majority of your population can pay down a new and heavily kitted up electric car in less than two years then yeah, tipping points start to depend on supply and product quality. For the rest of the world personal finances will play a somewhat larger role.

      • YMMV.

        I see what you did there.

    • Just like "The Year of Linux on the Desktop"

      I mean it's similar to electric cars in that it makes haters irrationally angry. But that's about where the similarities end.

      Bus seriously though, can one of the angry people who usually posts on electric car threads let me know why they make you so angry? I have no real horse in this race as a car owner, what with not being one. As a pedestrian, the lack of fumes is pretty nice though.

      • Hmm, I just bought a new petrol car. Around here, there are not many charging stations and of course the price difference is 30%. We clearly need more first adopters, but I am not going to be one, thanks.
      • Who's angry? My right wing friends love the fact that the government is taking taxes from low income earners to subsidise $100k luxury cars for the upper middle class.

        What I find hard to understand is why my left wing friends love it too. It seems to me that the subsidies could be spent far more effectively elsewhere if combating climate change is the goal.
    • by gweihir ( 88907 )

      "Linux on your desktop" is not going to happen. Most people are incapable of using a professional tool adequately.
      "Linux in your pocket" has happened years ago, but it is for a massively dumbed-down version.

      • If you have a computer these days it's likely to be a laptop anyway. The "Year of Linux on the Desktop" is starting to sound like "The Year of Teletypes on the Mainframe".
  • by petes_PoV ( 912422 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @08:16AM (#60981816)

    Once the line of price parity was crossed, Lenton said, "bang -- sales go up

    Only if there are vehicles available to buy.

    For EVs to really become common, the suppliers have to make them in sufficient quantity. That means not only transitioning away from factories making traditional internal combustion vehicles, but arranging for all the relevant component makers to do the same and at the same time. Synchronising all the suppliers quantities with the needs of the manufacturers. That is not something that happens without considerable organisation. While a small market such as Norway (population: 5.3 million) can achieve that, it takes much longer in large countries that sell as many cars in a few weeks as Norwegians buy in a year.

    • by K. S. Kyosuke ( 729550 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @08:32AM (#60981852)
      You're saying it like larger countries don't have a larger number of people to do the larger job.
      • by shilly ( 142940 )

        Plus, auto manufacture is actually organised on a continental and sometimes global basis. No one is making Leafs or i3s or Teslas or id3s or Zoes in Norway for Norway using only Norwegian components.

      • GP's wording is slightly off (no cars are produced in Norway), but the point stands: it's much easier for the car industry to reach the tipping point in a small market like Norway than it is in a large market like the US.

    • by dfghjk ( 711126 )

      Right, which is the giant omission of the article. The transition to EV is not gated by base economics, as the article claims, it is gated by technical issues. As those technical issues resolve, some economic issues come into play and the article pretends that these little issues are all there is.

      People won't buy electric when electric won't do what they need, no matter what the cost is.

  • by ytene ( 4376651 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @08:28AM (#60981844)
    Sure, the purchase and running costs of any vehicle are always going to be important factors when making a purchasing decision...

    But how many of us live in locations that make it next to impossible to use overnight charging? Not everyone has off-road space or a garage or similar in which to deploy high-current solutions. That means someone wanting to buy an electric vehicle either has to go the hybrid route [which is of course a distinct improvement over ICE from an environmental perspective] or be lucky enough to work for an employer that offers EV charging via their work parking lot, or come up with another solution - like driving somewhere to charge.

    We can do all this today, of course. But with gas stations being well distributed and well established, I think this works against EV adoption.

    So yes, let's by all means continue and accelerate the push towards EV. But that won't succeed unless and until we put the infrastructure in place to support it. Remember, the current gasoline-based infrastructure has had more than 100 years to perfect fuel distribution. The EV community has to fast-track that to become successful.
    • A 20A, 208V plug should be installable for $2-3k in even the most challenging condo locations; if done properly, subsequent installs are even cheaper. That would provide over 100 miles range in 8 hours for a Model Y. If you park on the street or rent then of course it is harder (and/or more expensive), but it is still possible.

      • Re:Not just Sales (Score:4, Informative)

        by Icyfire0573 ( 719207 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @10:44AM (#60982194)

        I think you are seriously underestimating what a challenging condo location is.
        Note; I _now_ have an electric car and I live in a house. I couldn't have had one when I lived in my condo.

        Here are the issues I would have had at my condo
        1. it wasn't quite onstreet parking; but it was a private road with no assigned parking.
        2. electric was providd separately to each unit; to get power, i would have had to had a subpanel run out the front of the house, underground whatever the requisite depth would be to then tunnel under said private street as we were only allowed to park on one side; which happed to be not the side my condo was on
        3.) putting the plug in would then have needed approval from the condo board to be put on "my neighbors law" (it was communal lawn and groundskeeping)
        4.) back to item #1; I don't know how I would have prevented anyone from then charging and using my power from my house to charge their car, i'm not that much of a good samaritan to provide anyone in the neighborhood a free charge.

        • I don't know how

          Just in general, it's probably not a good idea to assume that your own inability to think of solutions to problems is a fundamental limitation of the universe.

          It's fine if you don't want to do a thing, but trying to claim the thing is impossible because you can't figure out how is different than saying "I don't want to figure out how to do it."

          In the case of the specific issues you listed, assuming you wanted to solve those problems (which, I understand you don't want to do) the real step one is "talk to yo

    • The number of fuel stations in the UK has been in steady decline over the last 40 years, In the last 20 years the supermarkets became the dominant player which killed off a lot of independent fuel stations. In my town, 2 out of the 5 fuel stations closed down.

      Also improved fuel efficiently of vehicles and higher fuel prices has helped to restrict the demand for fuel.

      In the UK, both BP and Shell are deploying EV charging stations to their fuel stations. It is obvious that fuel stations will not survive the r

  • >"We were really struck by how non-linear the effect seems to be."

    Doesn't surprise me at all. I think there are really two factors holding back adoption the most. The first is price. The second is choice. Both have held me back, and I suspect most people. I don't like the price or choices yet. And I am willing to pay more, but I want a car that has ALL the best features and design of what I have now (a G37S Japanese luxury sports sedan) at an affordable price. The Tesla S has the features (far mor

    • Same here. I have a larger family and have wanted to buy an electric car for some time but the model 3 is too small and the S just a bit too expensive. The focus has been on the smaller vehicles since battery packs are 1/3 the cost of a whole new car. I won’t buy an electric more than three years old and only if the battery is a decent liquid cooled one because of the costs - batteries also go bad with time and not just heat and cycle depth/cycles and after 10-12 years will likely require replaceme
    • Re:Choice (Score:4, Insightful)

      by dfghjk ( 711126 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @09:39AM (#60982032)

      As obvious and clear as all this is to anyone who has looked, the author(s) of this article have completely ignored it and there are actual reasons why these choices don't exist yet. Wait a year or two.

      Also, I don't agree that a Model S compares to an Infiniti sedan...as a car. As a rolling computer, sure. Early adopters are always extreme advocates, wait until actual car manufacturers begin to make EVs, no one will compare Teslas to prestige brands then.

  • by irlanthos ( 1040152 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @08:47AM (#60981884)
    I know it hasn't actually happened yet but the real tipping point will be the forced one where different jurisdictions actually outlaw the sale of new ICE vehicles. The joke for some will be that they will think that buying an electric car will help fight many of the changes happening in cities to ban cars altogether. My city is converting parking spaces to anything but, changing what is left to permit parking only, converting driving lanes into bus/bicycle only lanes and creating a congestion fee driving zone that puts most of our medical services behind a paywall. Knew this was coming but was hoping it wouldn't come until after I was dead. Even the suburbs in the area are all bought into the ICLEI playbook and doing this sort of thing in their areas.
    • by burtosis ( 1124179 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @09:21AM (#60981992)
      You won’t need to force people if battery prices keep dropping. Electric motors have superior torque band performance, efficiency, lifetime and reliability, and lower cost than internal combustion engines while keeping or exceeding the power to weight ratio. The only reason we didn’t have electric cars instead of hydrocarbon combustion based ones a hundred years ago is because batteries are far more expensive, have far less energy storage per weight, and have far less power per weight than gasoline or diesel still to this day.
  • by 140Mandak262Jamuna ( 970587 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @09:48AM (#60982046) Journal
    The article makes comparison of price parity between countries, subsidies, taxes, other benefits.

    But we need to remember price parity will not be achieved for all the market segments within the same country all at the same time. What I mean is for the F segment (>125,000 USD) roadsters price parity was achieved eight years ago in USA. Then came E segment (60K + sedans and SUVs) and price parity was achieved five years ago. D segment (45K +) sedans and CUVs) came just last year.

    The holy grail is the C segment, 30k+ sedans and CUVs the accords and camrys the mainstay of middle class.

    That segment is about to be breached.

    The Osborne Effect [cleantechnica.com] will also a play role. This link has some good trend lines on BEV prices segmentwise.

  • by i'm probably drunk ( 6159770 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @09:55AM (#60982060)

    So many people rent and only have street parking available so they can't charge it overnight, and charging is too slow.

    • Most people I know with electric cars only rent and only have street parking available. Does your government not give you the ability to request a charging station to be installed in your street? Maybe you should elect a government with forethought and one who invests in infrastructure for the future.

  • by bradley13 ( 1118935 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @10:05AM (#60982098) Homepage

    The one aspect that articles like this rarely discuss: It's great that EVs are selling well, but we also need the grid and generation capacity to support them. With European countries dismantling their nuclear plants, it's not clear where this capacity will come from. In the US, many grids are already near capacity, especially in summer months.

    OTOH, if you work from home, and have solar cells on your roof, you can charge your own car. This makes fuels costs nearly zero (except, of course, the cost of the solar installation). Add in tax incentives, and buying an EV is pretty much a no-brainer, if you don't drive long distances.

    • by shilly ( 142940 )

      In fact, this issue *is* widely discussed. What's not widely discussed is that the power usage of most developed countries actually fluctuates quite dramatically from decade to decade, and the introduction of EVs is not the largest change in demand there will ever have been, especially given the relevant time frames (20 to 30 years). The grid can be built out to cope, and the incentives will be there in the form of increased demand for the product, electricity.

  • It seems to me that offering a tax break that has to be paid back over some period, say three years following purchase, would cost the government less than a rounding error but produce the desired effect seen in other countries.

    • I don't get it. Most people already borrow money to buy a car, so how is your plan effectively different?
  • Choice 2.0 (Score:2, Insightful)

    by kackle ( 910159 )
    Everyone lives in his own bubble, so if you are not aware, there are many situations where an electric vehicle is nearly impossible to own, such as those who live off the grid in the woods or those who park on the streets of an old, large, often-snowy city where the cars are on top of each other and there's no room (nor city money) for chargers. (And I suspect that most US cars aren't garaged anyway; we once had 7 cars in our family--that might mean 7 chargers all over the property!)

    That's one of the re
    • That's one of the reasons I don't care for the arbitrary fuel-efficiency regulations made by the non-technical politicos and prefer choice. "Pollution taxes" for certain choices are understandable, but I don't like when the focus is on the tailpipe versus ALL the other environmental costs that come with electric vehicles (has anyone investigated those yet?). Just moving any impacts out of sight is silly.

      No, it's phenomenally stupid to not move the impacts out of sight, or more to the point out of people's l

  • by GuB-42 ( 2483988 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @10:22AM (#60982146)

    A tipping point implies that we reached a threshold where things naturally change direction.

    It is common with communication networks for instance, where the more people are part of the network, the better the network is. It doesn't seem to be the case with electric cars. As electric cars become cheaper and infrastructures improve, it will become better for more and more people, but I see no tipping point.
    For example, I won't get an electric car now, even a cheap one, simply because I don't have access to a charging point. In order for me to buy one. Someone has to get at least some power lines to my parking spot first. There are a lot of blocking points that have to be addressed one by one, they don't magically disappear because batteries become cheaper.
    Even if batteries become cheaper, it won't make electric cars cheaper overnight. We are getting to the point where *with subsidies*, mid-range electric cars end up being cheaper than gas cars in the same bracket, which is a big deal. However it is not yet the case for small cars with good fuel economy, even in countries where gas is heavily taxed.

    So, no tipping point. If there was a tipping point, we could remove all government incentives, and I think we shouldn't.

    • by shilly ( 142940 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @03:35PM (#60983076)

      The tipping point effect happens when the costs-to-serve for, and inconvenience of, ICE cars and infrastructure start increasing substantially due to diseconomies of scale vs EVs heading in the other direction. Who knows when that point will be reached, but it will come.

    • We are getting to the point where *with subsidies*, mid-range electric cars end up being cheaper than gas cars in the same bracket, which is a big deal.

      You mean when an electric car *with subsidies* being cheaper than a gas car *with subsidies*. Currently ICEV owners get to externalise a ton of costs and force others to pay. People always seem to forget that externalised costs are equivalent to subsidies.

  • Charger Issues (Score:4, Insightful)

    by cygnusvis ( 6168614 ) on Saturday January 23, 2021 @12:08PM (#60982504)
    My apartment has no charger so im stuck with a gas burner.

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